Lecture Notes in Mobility Constantinos Antoniou Fritz Busch Andreas Rau Mahesh Hariharan Editors Proceedings of the 12th International Scientific Conference on Mobility and Transport Mobility Innovations for Growing Megacities Lecture Notes in Mobility SeriesEditor GereonMeyer ,VDI/VDEInnovation+TechnikGmbH,Berlin,Germany EditorialBoard SvenBeiker,StanfordUniversity,PaloAlto,CA,USA EvangelosBekiaris,HellenicInstituteofTransport(HIT),CentreforResearchand TechnologyHella,Thermi,Greece HenrietteCornet,TheInternationalAssociationofPublicTransport(UITP), Brussels,Belgium MarciodeAlmeidaD’Agosto,COPPE-UFJR,FederalUniversityofRiode Janeiro,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil NevioDiGiusto,FiatResearchCentre,Orbassano,Torino,Italy Jean-LucdiPaola-Galloni,SustainableDevelopment&ExternalAffairs,Valeo Group,Paris,France KarstenHofmann,ContinentalAutomotiveGmbH,Regensburg,Germany TatianaKovácˇiková,UniversityofŽilina,Žilina,Slovakia JochenLangheim,STMicroelectronics,Montrouge,France JoeriVanMierlo,Mobility,Logistics&AutomotiveTechnologyResearchCentre, VrijeUniversiteitBrussel,Brussel,Belgium TomVoege,CadmusEurope,Brussels,Belgium The book seriesLecture Notes in Mobility(LNMOB) reports on innovative, peer- reviewedresearchanddevelopmentsinintelligent,connectedandsustainabletrans- portationsystemsofthefuture.Itcoverstechnologicaladvances,research,develop- mentsandapplications,aswellasbusinessmodels,managementsystemsandpolicy implementation relating to: zero-emission, electric and energy-efficient vehicles; alternative and optimized powertrains; vehicle automation and cooperation; clean, user-centric and on-demand transport systems; shared mobility services and inter- modalhubs;energy,dataandcommunicationinfrastructurefortransportation;and micromobilityandsofturbanmodes,amongothertopics.Theseriesgivesaspecial emphasistosustainable,seamlessandinclusivetransformationstrategiesandcovers bothtraditionalandanynewtransportationmodesforpassengersandgoods.Cutting- edgefindingsfrompublicresearchfundingprogramsinEurope,AmericaandAsia dorepresentanimportantsourceofcontentforthisseries.PhDthesisofexceptional value may also be considered for publication. Supervised by a scientific advisory boardofworld-leadingscholarsandprofessionals,theLectureNotesinMobilityare intended to offer an authoritative and comprehensive source of information on the latest transportation technology and mobility trends to an audience of researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and advanced-level students, and a multidisciplinary platform fostering the exchange of ideas and collaboration between the different groups. · · Constantinos Antoniou Fritz Busch · Andreas Rau Mahesh Hariharan Editors Proceedings of the 12th International Scientific Conference on Mobility and Transport Mobility Innovations for Growing Megacities Editors ConstantinosAntoniou FritzBusch TUMSchoolofEngineeringandDesign TUMSchoolofEngineeringandDesign TechnicalUniversityofMunich TechnicalUniversityofMunich Munich,Germany Munich,Germany AndreasRau MaheshHariharan TUMAsiaPteLtd. RailwayEngineering Singapore,Singapore TUMAsiaPteLtd. Singapore,Singapore ISSN 2196-5544 ISSN 2196-5552 (electronic) LectureNotesinMobility ISBN 978-981-19-8360-3 ISBN 978-981-19-8361-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8361-0 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SingaporePteLtd.2023 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. 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The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Contents Editorial .......................................................... 1 ConstantinosAntoniou, FritzBusch, AndreasRau, andMaheshHariharan TheImpactofAutonomousVehiclesandTheirDrivingParameters onUrbanRoadTraffic ............................................. 3 BerndKaltenhäuser,SaschaHamzehi,andKlausBogenberger EnhancingRobustnessAgainstComponentFailuresinIntelligent TransportationSystemsThroughSelf-diagnosisFunctionality ......... 21 ChristianCreß,LukasRabe,andAloisKnoll Can Carsharing Reduce Car Ownership and Emissions? AnAnalysisBasedonanIntermediateModellingApproach ........... 37 JorenVanherck, SanthanakrishnanNarayanan, RodricFrederix, AthinaTympakianaki, FerranTorrent, ConstantinosAntoniou, andGeorgiaAyfantopoulou OptimizingPassenger Flows inaMultimodalPersonal Rapid Transit(PRT)StationUsingMicroscopicTrafficSimulation ........... 53 OytunArslan, MaxReichert, EftychiosPapapanagiotou, andSiljaHoffmann Building a Multi-sided Data-Driven Mobility Platform: Key DesignElementsandConfigurations ................................ 67 AndreaCarolinaSoto,MarcGuerreiroAugusto,andSørenSalomo Generating Standardized Agent-Based Transport Models inGermany ....................................................... 91 TorbenLelke,LasseBienzeisler,andBernhardFriedrich v vi Contents Simulation of Car-Sharing Pricing and Its Impacts on Public Transport:KyotoCaseStudy ....................................... 105 YiheZhou, RiccardoIacobucci, Jan-DirkSchmöcker, andTadashiYamada Analysing Long-Term Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Last-Mile Delivery Traffic Using an Agent-Based Travel DemandModel .................................................... 127 AnnaReiffer, JelleKübler, LarsBriem, MartinKagerbauer, andPeterVortisch How Far Are We From Transportation Equity? Measuring theEffectofWheelchairUseonDailyActivityPatterns ............... 141 GregoryS.MacfarlaneandNateLant ImpactsofInner-CityConsolidationCentresonRouteDistances, DeliveryTimesandDeliveryCosts .................................. 157 MatthiasRibesmeier ForecastingParkingSearchTimesUsingBigData .................... 175 KleioMilia, MagnusDuusHedengran, ThomasJansson, FilipeRodrigues,andCarlosLimaAzevedo Real-TimeAndRobust3DObjectDetectionwithRoadsideLiDARs .... 199 WalterZimmer,JialongWu,XingchengZhou,andAloisC.Knoll EstimatingtheNumberofTouristsinKyotoBasedonGPSTraces andAggregateMobileStatistics ..................................... 221 TomokiNishigaki, Jan-DirkSchmöcker, TadashiYamada, andSatoshiNakao DevelopmentofanEvaluationSystemforVirtualRidepooling Stops:ACaseStudy ............................................... 245 DennisHarmann, SefaYilmaz-Niewerth, RiklasHäbel, VanessaVinke,SarahKögler,andBernhardFriedrich PredictionofSignalPhaseandTimingInformation:Comparison ofMachineLearningAlgorithmPerformance ........................ 263 LenaElisaSchneegans, JosuaDuensing, KevinHeckmann, andRobertHoyer Editorial ConstantinosAntoniou,FritzBusch,AndreasRau,andMaheshHariharan “MobilityInnovationsforGrowingMegaCities”—wasthetopicofmobil.TUM2022, InternationalScientificConferenceonMobilityandTransport.Basedonahistorical reviewonthedevelopmentsintransportationengineering,wewishtocontributeto the ongoing transformation processes in this field. More than 60 peers joined this eventheldonlineinApril2022. Thistwelftheditionofthemobil.TUMwasco-organizedbyTUMAsiainSinga- poreandtheTUMprofessorshipsoftheMobilitySystemsEngineeringDepartmentto organizeatrulyinterdisciplinaryevent.Inparticular,theconferenceaimedtoinvoke debates among keynote speakers from diverse and multi-faceted research back- grounds,enabledthroughstrongbondsbetweenthewiderangeoftopicsandmethods suchasdataanalytics,activemobilitysolutions,transportationdemandmanagement, cloudcomputingandinternetofthingsappliedinITS,transportimpactsonclimate change,trafficmicrosimulationetc. Selectedpapersoftheconferencearepublishedinthebookseries,LectureNotes in Mobility, in the form of full papers. We are grateful to all participants for three inspiring and conversation-stimulating days. Given the times that we live in, the decisiontohostmobil.TUMonlinewasanextremelydifficult,butnecessaryone.We haveobservedintensein-depthdiscussionsabouthighlyspecializedmethodologies, B C.Antoniou( )·F.Busch TUMSchoolofEngineeringandDesign,TechnicalUniversityofMunich,Munich,Germany e-mail:[email protected] F.Busch e-mail:[email protected] A.Rau·M.Hariharan TUMAsiaPteLtd,Singapore,Singapore e-mail:[email protected] M.Hariharan e-mail:[email protected] ©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2023 1 C.Antoniouetal.(eds.),Proceedingsofthe12thInternationalScientificConference onMobilityandTransport,LectureNotesinMobility, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8361-0_1 2 C.Antoniouetal. exchangebetweenthedisciplinesincross-cuttingsessions,whereacommonresearch subject(e.g.V2V,V2X,TODetc.)wasanalyzedfromdifferentviewpoints(planning, modelling,trafficmanagement),andalsointeractionsbetweendifferentgenerations ofresearchers. Wewouldliketoexpressourdeepestgratitudetoallparticipantsofmobil.TUM 2022.Wearegratefulthatyoucontributedtomakingthisconferenceaveryspecial one, especially in the year that marks TUM Asia’s 20th Anniversary. Finally, we would like to thank our entire team who made this digital conference possible, including the Scientific Committee who supported the review process to ensure the quality as well as the organizational team, who did all the hard work in the background. Toabetterfuture. The Impact of Autonomous Vehicles and Their Driving Parameters on Urban Road Traffic BerndKaltenhäuser,SaschaHamzehi,andKlausBogenberger Abstract Trafficcongestionmightbepartlysolvedbyusingautonomouslydriving vehicleswhichareexpectedtoenterthemarketatasignificantratewithinthenext years(Kaltenhäuseretal.inTranspResPartA:PolicyPract132:882–910,2020,[1]; BansalandKockelmanKMinTranspResPartA:PolicyPract95:49–63,2017,[2]; Nieuwenhuijsenetal.inTranspResPartC:EmergTechno86:300–327,2018,[3]). Severalstudieshavebeenundertakentoexaminetheimpactofautonomousvehicles (AVs)onroadtraffic.Also,autonomousvehiclesandconnectedautonomousvehicles (CAVs)havebeensimulatedintheliteraturewithdifferentoperationalparameters, leadingtodifferentresults.Hence,inourstudyweexaminehowdifferentparameters for the operation of AVs and CAVs influence urban traffic in the case of Munich, Germany. Furthermore, the impact of different percentages of AVs and CAVs on urban traffic is studied. For this, the traffic will be studied for the whole city, as wellasforcertaintravelroutes,e.g.inthemaintraveldirection(intothecityinthe morning),inoppositedirectionoralongthehighwaysurroundingMunich.Lastbut not least, future scenarios with an enhanced travel behaviour will be studied. The results show that the headway and reaction times of the vehicles have the largest impact on urban traffic. Here, vehicles with large reaction times have a negative impact on urban traffic while short reaction times have a positive one. The results canbeusedtoconfigurefutureAVssuchthattheyreducecongestionsandoptimize urbantrafficflow. B B.Kaltenhäuser( ) DepartmentofTechnicalManagement,Baden-WuerttembergCooperativeStateUniversity, Villingen-Schwenningen,Germany e-mail:[email protected] B.Kaltenhäuser·S.Hamzehi·K.Bogenberger TechnicalUniversityofMunich,ChairofTrafficEngineeringandControl,Munich,Germany e-mail:[email protected] K.Bogenberger e-mail:[email protected] S.Hamzehi BMWGroup,Munich,Germany ©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2023 3 C.Antoniouetal.(eds.),Proceedingsofthe12thInternationalScientificConference onMobilityandTransport,LectureNotesinMobility, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8361-0_2