Pro OpenSolaris: A New Open Source OS for Linux Developers and Administrators

262 Pages·2009·15.09 MB·English

by  Harry Foxwell

Pro OpenSolaris
A New Open Source OS for Linux
Developers and Administrators
Harry J. Foxwell, PhD
and Christine Tran
Pro OpenSolaris: A New Open Source OS for Linux Developers and Administrators
Copyright © 2009 by Harry J. Foxwell and Christine Tran
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval
system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.
ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-1891-3
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-1892-0
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence
of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark
owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.
Lead Editors: Michelle Lowman, Frank Pohlmann
Technical Reviewer: Sam Nicholson
Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell,
Gary Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Jeffrey Pepper,
Frank Pohlmann, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh
Project Manager: Kylie Johnston
Copy Editor: Kim Wimpsett
Associate Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony
Production Editor: Richard Ables
Compositor: Diana Van Winkle, Van Winkle Design Group
Proofreader: Nancy Sixsmith
Indexer: Becky Hornyak
Interior Designer: Diana Van Winkle, Van Winkle Design Group
Cover Designer: Kurt Krames
Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski
Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor,
New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax [phone], e-mail (cid:107)(cid:110)(cid:96)(cid:97)(cid:110)(cid:111)(cid:41)(cid:106)(cid:117)(cid:60)(cid:111)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:101)(cid:106)(cid:99)(cid:97)(cid:110)(cid:41)(cid:111)(cid:94)(cid:105)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105), or
visit (cid:100)(cid:112)(cid:112)(cid:108)(cid:54)(cid:43)(cid:43)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:42)(cid:111)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:101)(cid:106)(cid:99)(cid:97)(cid:110)(cid:107)(cid:106)(cid:104)(cid:101)(cid:106)(cid:97)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105).
For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600,
Berkeley, CA 94705. Phone [phone], fax [phone], e-mail (cid:101)(cid:106)(cid:98)(cid:107)(cid:60)(cid:93)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:97)(cid:111)(cid:111)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105)(cid:40) or visit(cid:28)(cid:28)
(cid:100)(cid:112)(cid:112)(cid:108)(cid:54)(cid:43)(cid:43)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:42)(cid:93)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:97)(cid:111)(cid:111)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105).
Apress and friends of ED books may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use.
eBook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Special
Bulk Sales–eBook Licensing web page at (cid:100)(cid:112)(cid:112)(cid:108)(cid:54)(cid:43)(cid:43)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:42)(cid:93)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:97)(cid:111)(cid:111)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105)(cid:43)(cid:101)(cid:106)(cid:98)(cid:107)(cid:43)(cid:94)(cid:113)(cid:104)(cid:103)(cid:111)(cid:93)(cid:104)(cid:97)(cid:111).
The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every precaution
has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any
person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by
the information contained in this work.
The source code for this book is available to readers at (cid:100)(cid:112)(cid:112)(cid:108)(cid:54)(cid:43)(cid:43)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:115)(cid:42)(cid:93)(cid:108)(cid:110)(cid:97)(cid:111)(cid:111)(cid:42)(cid:95)(cid:107)(cid:105).
To my sons, Andrew, Michael, and Edward, as inspiration and example,
and to my wife, Eileen, for making it all possible.
—Harry J. Foxwell
This book is dedicated to my parents. You are the mountain and the spring;
you made everything possible.
And to Steve, who kept the lights on every night I came home late.
—Christine Tran
Contents at a Glance
About the Authors .................................................................xiii
About the Technical Reviewer ...................................................... xv
Acknowledgments ............................................................... xvii
Introduction ......................................................................xix
PART 1 Getting Started
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
CHAPTER 1 Introducing OpenSolaris .........................................3
CHAPTER 2 The Advantages of Developing with OpenSolaris .................17
CHAPTER 3 Getting and Installing OpenSolaris ..............................27
CHAPTER 4 A Familiar User and Developer Environment and More ...........51
PART 2 Working with OpenSolaris
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
CHAPTER 5 SMF: The Service Management Facility ..........................69
CHAPTER 6 The ZFS File System ............................................89
CHAPTER 7 OpenSolaris and Virtualization .................................111
PART 3 Exploiting OpenSolaris’s
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
Unique Features
CHAPTER 8 A Development Environment on OpenSolaris ....................153
CHAPTER 9 Innovative OpenSolaris Features ...............................205
PART 4 Appendixes
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
APPENDIX A Recommended Reading and Viewing ...........................233
APPENDIX B OpenSolaris 2009.06 ..........................................239
INDEX ........................................................................243
v
Contents
About the Authors .................................................................xiii
About the Technical Reviewer ...................................................... xv
Acknowledgments ............................................................... xvii
Introduction ......................................................................xix
PART 1 Getting Started
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
CHAPTER 1 Introducing OpenSolaris .....................................3
The True Name of Open Source Software ............................5
What You’ll Find and Learn in This Book .............................7
The Origin of OpenSolaris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Goals and Future Directions .......................................10
That Troublesome CDDL License ..................................11
The OpenSolaris Community: OpenSolaris.org .......................12
Essential URLs ..................................................15
Summary .......................................................15
CHAPTER 2 The Advantages of Developing with OpenSolaris .........17
OpenSolaris Qualities ............................................17
OpenSolaris Is Free .........................................18
OpenSolaris Is Open Source ..................................19
OpenSolaris Runs on “Commodity” Hardware Platforms .........20
OpenSolaris Runs High- Quality Application Software ............22
You Can Get a Software Support Subscription for OpenSolaris ....22
vii
viii (cid:78)CONTENTS
OK, It’s Like Linux. So What? ......................................23
Scalability .................................................23
Service Management ........................................23
ZFS .......................................................24
DTrace ....................................................24
Virtualization ...............................................25
Security ...................................................25
Summary .......................................................26
CHAPTER 3 Getting and Installing OpenSolaris ........................27
Installation Choices ..............................................29
Checking Your System ...........................................30
Live CD Booting .................................................34
Direct “Bare- Metal” Installation ...................................36
Multiboot Installation .............................................36
Installing OpenSolaris as a Guest VM (Recommended) ...............37
Are We There Yet? ...............................................47
Summary .......................................................50
CHAPTER 4 A Familiar User and Developer Environment and More ...51
At Home with GNOME ............................................51
The CLI, for the GUI- averse .......................................55
To su, or Not to sudo? ............................................56
Boot and Reboot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Updating Your Kernel Build ...................................59
Other Administrative Tasks .......................................62
Adding New Users ..........................................62
Printing ....................................................64
Summary .......................................................65
(cid:78)CONTENTS ix
PART 2 Working with OpenSolaris
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
CHAPTER 5 SMF: The Service Management Facility ...................69
What’s a Service? ...............................................70
A Bit About Milestones ......................................74
More About Services ........................................74
Creating Your Own Services ......................................81
Summary .......................................................88
CHAPTER 6 The ZFS File System ........................................89
Exploring the Basic ZFS Features ..................................91
Creating and Managing ZFS Storage Pools ..........................94
Creating a ZFS Pool .........................................95
Managing Boot Environments with ZFS .......................108
Summary ......................................................110
CHAPTER 7 OpenSolaris and Virtualization ............................111
Zones and Containers ...........................................118
Creating a Zone ...........................................120
Global and Local Zone Environments .........................124
Cloning a Zone ............................................127
Managing Zones ...........................................128
Using the Zone ............................................129
Managing Zone Resources ..................................130
More OpenSolaris Virtualization ..............................133
VirtualBox ................................................134
The xVM Hypervisor ........................................136
Installing the OpenSolaris 2008.11 xVM Hypervisor ............138
BrandZ ...................................................145
LDoms ...................................................148
Summary ......................................................150
x (cid:78)CONTENTS
PART 3 Exploiting OpenSolaris’s
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
Unique Features
CHAPTER 8 A Development Environment on OpenSolaris ............153
Introducing the Web Stack and AMP ..............................154
Getting the AMP Stack ..........................................154
Taking a Tour of the Command- Line Package Manager .........156
Making a Case for Containers ....................................162
Building Applications for a Container Environment ..................163
Introducing Zones and Discrete Privileges ....................163
Qualifying Your Application for Zones .........................164
Installing Tomcat in a Container ..................................165
Installing MySQL ...............................................172
Taking a Quick Tour of NetBeans IDE .............................175
Using Subversion ...............................................179
Creating the Repository and Managing Files ...................179
Using the Manage Access Control Method ....................183
Integrating NetBeans with Other Products .........................191
Integrating with Tomcat ....................................191
Integrating with Subversion .................................193
Putting It All Together with IPS ...................................200
Summary ......................................................204
CHAPTER 9 Innovative OpenSolaris Features ..........................205
DTrace ........................................................205
Probes ...................................................207
Providers .................................................208
DTrace Scripts ............................................208
A Simple Example .........................................209
DTrace Aggregations .......................................210
DTrace Community Contributions ............................212
DTrace and Java ..........................................218
(cid:78)CONTENTS xi
The Tracker Utility: Where’s That File? ............................219
The OpenSolaris Distro Constructor ...............................220
The Device Driver Utility .........................................222
And Now for a Little Entertainment ................................223
OpenSolaris Educational Resources ...............................226
The OpenSolaris Curriculum Development Resources ..........226
OpenSolaris Learning Cloud Service ..........................227
Summary ......................................................229
PART 4 Appendixes
(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)(cid:0)(cid:78)
APPENDIX A Recommended Reading and Viewing .....................233
Books .........................................................233
Blogs and Wikis ................................................234
Developer Resources ...........................................234
Learning and Training ...........................................235
Linux to OpenSolaris Translation .................................235
Newsletter .....................................................235
User Groups ...................................................236
Videos ........................................................236
Web Sites .....................................................236
White Papers ..................................................237
APPENDIX B OpenSolaris 2009.06 .......................................239
SPARC Support .................................................239
Project Crossbow ...............................................240
Encrypted ZFS File System ......................................240
CUPS Printing ..................................................241
Other Anticipated Features ......................................241
INDEX ........................................................................243