Private Pesticide aPPlicator study Manual - Alabama Cooperative

118 Pages·2015·25.39 MB·English

PRIVATE PESTICIDE ANR-1307
APPLICATOR
2015
MANUAL
1
2 Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Contents
Introduction ...................................................................................................5
EMERGENCY NUMBERS .....................................................................6
NONEMERGENCY .................................................................................8
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL ...........................................................................8
ENFORCEMENT OF PESTICIDE LAWS ................................................9
Required Training and Certification ......................................................10
1 Laws and Regulations ..........................................................................12
Terms to Know .....................................................................................13
Laws and Regulations ..........................................................................13
Federal Laws ........................................................................................13
Penalties Under FIFRA .........................................................................14
Residues and Tolerances .....................................................................14
Worker Protection Standard .................................................................14
Field Sanitation ....................................................................................15
Pesticide Recordkeeping .....................................................................15
Transportation ......................................................................................15
Aerial Application .................................................................................16
Other Regulations ................................................................................16
State Laws ...........................................................................................16
Experiment Uses ..................................................................................17
2 Pest Management: Insects, Weeds and Plant Diseases ...................18
Insects ..................................................................................................19
Weeds ..................................................................................................25
Plant Diseases......................................................................................29
Principals of Integrated Pest Management ..........................................32
3 Pesticide Labels ...................................................................................41
Information on the Label ......................................................................42
4 Pesticide Formulations ........................................................................45
Liquid Formulations .............................................................................46
Invert Emulsions ...................................................................................48
Dry Formulation Dusts (D) ....................................................................48
Wettable Powders (WP or W) ...............................................................49
Soluble Powders (SP or WSP) .............................................................50
Water-Dispersible Granules (Dry Flowables, WDG or DF) ...................50
Fumigants ............................................................................................50
Adjuvants .............................................................................................51
5 Using Pesticides Safely .......................................................................52
How Pesticides Enter the Body ...........................................................54
Oral Exposure ......................................................................................55
Respiratory Exposure ...........................................................................55
3
Eye Exposure .......................................................................................55
Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning .......................................................55
Organophosphates ..............................................................................55
Carbamates ..........................................................................................56
Pyrethrins and Synthetic Pyrethroids ...................................................56
Arsenicals .............................................................................................56
Anticoagulants .....................................................................................56
Pyridyliums ...........................................................................................56
First Aid Procedures .............................................................................56
Heat Stress...........................................................................................57
Heat Cramps ........................................................................................58
Medical Antidotes ................................................................................58
First Aid Kit ...........................................................................................58
Safety Precautions ...............................................................................58
6 Personal Protective Equipment ..........................................................60
Protective Clothing and Gear ...............................................................61
Respirators for Agricultural and Pesticide Workers .............................62
What to Do When Clothes Are Soiled with Pesticides .........................64
7 Pesticides in the Environment.............................................................65
Pesticide Drift .......................................................................................66
Pesticide Movement ............................................................................66
Pesticide Properties .............................................................................66
Soil Properties ......................................................................................67
Pesticide Effects on Nontarget Organisms ..........................................69
Protection of Endangered Species ......................................................71
Your Role as a Certified Applicator ......................................................71
8 Pesticide Storage and Disposal ..........................................................73
Transporting Pesticides ........................................................................74
Avoid Equipment Accidents .................................................................74
Cleaning Equipment .............................................................................74
Pesticide Spills .....................................................................................75
Emergency Planning ............................................................................75
Storing Pesticides ................................................................................76
Disposal ...............................................................................................77
Storage and Disposal ...........................................................................78
9 Equipment and Calibration ..................................................................79
The 1⁄ -Acre Calibration Method .........................................................80
128
Amount of Chemical to Put into the Tank ............................................81
Granular Applicators Using 1⁄ -Acre Method ......................................81
100
Application Equipment .........................................................................82
Glossary .......................................................................................................92
Forms .........................................................................................................113
4 Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Introduction
Introduction 5
EMERGENCY NUMBERS
In an emergency dial 911, especially if the person is unconscious, has trouble breathing, or has
convulsions.
POISON CONTROL CENTERS (HUMAN OR ANIMAL)
National Poison Control Hotline (Spanish speakers available)
[phone]
Physician ________________________________ Ambulance______________________________
FIRES, SPILLS, LEAKS, ETC.
Chemtrec (technical assistance 24 hours a day for fires, spills, and medical emergencies)
[phone]
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
[phone]
Alabama Emergency Management Agency
[phone]
Sheriff _______________________________ City Police__________________________________
Alabama Highway Patrol Post _____________________ Fire Department____________________
*HP (*47) for mobile phones
ENDANGERMENT OF GAME OR FISH
Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Nongame endangered species)
[phone]
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(800) 344-WILD (9453)
6 Alabama Cooperative Extension System
WORKER PROTECTION STANDARD
The U.S. EPA Worker Protection Standard (WPS) requires agricultural employers to provide four
basic protections for their employees:
(1) employees must receive pesticide safety training;
(2) information concerning pesticides applied in the work area must be posted in a central
location;
(3) employees must be excluded from treated areas or provided proper training and safety
equipment if they may be exposed to pesticides;
(4) employers must supply decontamination sites (soap, water, etc.) for workers.
Emergency assistance must be available for any employee injured by pesticides. For
details, refer to the EPA Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides—
How to Comply at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/safety. Additional information
is available from the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries at (334)
240-7241 or the Alabama Cooperative Extension System at [phone].
Contact your county Extension office for a WPS training near you.
Introduction 7
NONEMERGENCY
Alabama Pesticide Safety Education Program/ACES [phone]
Sonja Thomas, PhD, Coordinator [email protected]
Regional Poison Control Center, Children’s Hospital, Birming- [phone]
ham, Alabama
Nonemergencies and educational information
Alabama Poison Center, Shelton State Community College, [phone]
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Nonemergencies and educational information
National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC), Oregon State [phone]
University
General information on toxicology, environmental hazard, etc.
(M-F, 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. CST)
Pesticide Manufacturer
The telephone number should be listed on the pesticide label.
CropLife America [phone]
General information about the pesticide industry (M-F, 9:00

a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EST)
Chemtrec Referral Center [phone]
Refers caller to the company responsible for the pesticide (M-
F, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. EST)
National Response Center [phone] (Voice/TTY)
Refers caller to proper government agency for hazardous
materials
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL
Alabama Department of Agriculture & Industries [phone]
Alabama Department of Environmental Management [phone]
EPA Hazardous Waste Hotline (Superfund) [phone]
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Workplace Assistance
OSHA (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
TTY [phone]
8 Alabama Cooperative Extension System
NONEMERGENCY Regional IV OSHA Office Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia [phone]
Alabama Pesticide Safety Education Program/ACES [phone]
Sonja Thomas, PhD, Coordinator [email protected]
EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline [phone]
Regional Poison Control Center, Children’s Hospital, Birming- [phone] Interprets residue data and gives EPA drinking water regula-
ham, Alabama tions.
Nonemergencies and educational information
Or call your local health department or sanitarian.
County _______________ City _______________
Alabama Poison Center, Shelton State Community College, [phone]
ENFORCEMENT OF PESTICIDE LAWS
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Alabama Department of Agriculture & Industries, Pesticide [phone]
Nonemergencies and educational information
Management Division
National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC), Oregon State [phone] EPA Region IV Pesticides Section [phone]
University Applicator certification to use restricted-use pesticides [phone]
General information on toxicology, environmental hazard, etc.
(M-F, 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. CST) Structural pest control certification [phone]
Pesticide Manufacturer Safety/Training/Information [phone]
The telephone number should be listed on the pesticide label.
(Pesticide Safety Education) http://www.aces.edu/anr/
CropLife America [phone] pesticidemgt/
General information about the pesticide industry (M-F, 9:00

a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EST)
Chemtrec Referral Center [phone]
Refers caller to the company responsible for the pesticide (M-
F, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. EST)
National Response Center [phone] (Voice/TTY)
Refers caller to proper government agency for hazardous
materials
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL
Alabama Department of Agriculture & Industries [phone]
Alabama Department of Environmental Management [phone]
EPA Hazardous Waste Hotline (Superfund) [phone]
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Workplace Assistance
OSHA (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
TTY [phone]
Introduction 9
As of October 21, 1977, anyone wishing Certification Process
to use restricted-use pesticides must be
The Alabama Department of
certified. Certification is a method of
Agriculture and Industries is the state
ensuring that applicators know the safe and
agency responsible for certification of
correct way to handle and apply pesticides.
pesticide applicators in Alabama. The
The Environmental Protection Agency Alabama Cooperative Extension System is
(EPA) has set minimum competency responsible for providing assistance and
standards for pesticide applicators. training to applicants for certification. The
These minimum standards include a Alabama Department of Agriculture issues
practical knowledge of subject areas certification permits and keeps records of
such as pest identification, pest control, each permit applicant. Permits are issued
label comprehension, pesticide laws, for a three-year period. A grade of 70 or
and environmental considerations. The above is required to obtain permit.
actual certification of applicators is the
The procedure for obtaining private
responsibility of each individual state.
applicator permits is as follows:
Alabama law requires that anyone who
applies restricted-use pesticides on his or Alternate Procedure #1
her own property or anyone who applies
The local Extension agent will provide
pesticides for hire must be certified as
pesticide use training to meet both federal
either a private or commercial pesticide
and state certification requirements. Training
applicator.
will be provided at a designated time and
Private pesticide applicators are people place. The cost for training is $20.
who apply any restricted-use pesticide
• The applicant will then complete an
for the production of an agricultural
examination at the end of training. The
commodity on their own property or on the
Extension office will grade the examination
property of another person with whom they
to evaluate the training process and to
trade services. Employees of a permitted
keep a record of the applicant’s proficiency.
private applicator may apply a restricted-use
pesticide as long as they are being • The applicant will fill out an application and
supervised by the permitted employer. forward $25 to ADAI to purchase permit
or a restricted-use permit, stating that he
Pesticides may be federally restricted
or she agrees to follow all label directions.
by the EPA, or they may be restricted for
Permits will be valid for a three-year period
use in Alabama by the Department of
and can be used to purchase all restricted
Agriculture and Industries. Generally,
pesticides.
pesticides are restricted because they may
Alternate Procedure #2
be especially harmful to the applicator,
other people, or the environment unless Applicants may obtain a self-study manual
they are applied correctly by competent at their local Extension office. They can
individuals. The list of restricted-use schedule a time to take the exam at their local
pesticides changes periodically. See your Extension office. The applicant will mail the
local Extension agent for a current list. application and the fee to the Department of
Agriculture and Industries, 1445 Federal Drive
Required Training
Montgomery, AL 36107.
and Certification
The cost is $10 not including $25
Federal regulations set minimum
permit fee.
standards for anyone handling
restricted-use pesticides. Federal Alternate Procedure #3
regulations change from year to year.
The private applicator training course
Both the restricted-use list and label
can be taken online at www.aces.edu/
registration change to meet changing
anr/pesticidemgt/. The cost is $60 for the
federal regulations.
online course, with a passing score of 70.
10 Alabama Cooperative Extension System