Privacy and Anonymity in Information Management Systems: New Techniques for New Practical Problems PDF
Preview Privacy and Anonymity in Information Management Systems: New Techniques for New Practical Problems
Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing SeriesEditors ProfessorLakhmiJain [email protected] ProfessorXindongWu [email protected] Forothertitlespublishedinthisseries,goto http://www.springer.com/series/4738 · Jordi Nin Javier Herranz Editors Privacy and Anonymity in Information Management Systems New Techniques for New Practical Problems 123 Editors Dr.JordiNin Dr.JavierHerranz UniversitatPolitècnicadeCatalunya UniversitatPolitècnicade Dept.ArquitecturadeComputadors Catalunya C.JordiGirona1-3 Dept.MatemàticaAplicadaIV 08034Barcelona C.JordiGirona1-3 Spain 08034Barcelona [email protected] Spain [email protected] AI&KPISSN1610-3947 ISBN978-1-84996-237-7 e-ISBN978-1-84996-238-4 DOI10.1007/978-1-84996-238-4 SpringerLondonDordrechtHeidelbergNewYork BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010928908 (cid:2)c Springer-VerlagLondonLimited2010 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permittedundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,thispublicationmayonlybereproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers,orinthecaseofreprographicreproductioninaccordancewiththetermsoflicensesissued bytheCopyrightLicensingAgency.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethosetermsshouldbe senttothepublishers. Theuseofregisterednames,trademarks,etc.,inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofa specificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantlawsandregulationsandthereforefree forgeneraluse. Thepublishermakesnorepresentation,expressorimplied,withregardtotheaccuracyoftheinformation containedinthisbookandcannotacceptanylegalresponsibilityorliabilityforanyerrorsoromissions thatmaybemade. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) “Nooneshallbesubjectedtoarbitrary interferencewithhisprivacy,family,homeor correspondence,nortoattacksuponhis honourandreputation.Everyonehasthe righttotheprotectionofthelawagainstsuch interferenceorattacks” Article12ofUniversalDeclarationof HumanRights(1948) Foreword As depicted in David Lodge’s celebrated novel Small World, the perceived size of ourworldexperiencedaprogressivedecreaseasjetairplanesbecameaffordableto evergreatersharesoftheearth’spopulation.Yet,thereallydramaticshrinkinghad towaituntilthemid-1990s,whenInternetbecamewidespreadandtheinformation age stopped being an empty buzzword. But small is not necessarily beautiful. We nowliveinaglobalvillageand,alas,some(oftenverypowerful)voicesstatethat we ought not expect any more privacy in it. Should this be true, we would have created our own nightmare: a global village combining the worst of conventional villages,wherealotofinformationonanindividualisknownbytheothervillagers, and conventional big cities, where the invidual feels lost in a grim and potentially dangerousplace. Whereassecurityisessentialfororganizationstosurvive,individualsandsome- times even companies also need some privacy to develop comfortably and lead a free life. This is the reason why individual privacy is mentioned in the Univer- sal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and data privacy is protected by law in mostWesterncountries.Indeed,withoutprivacy,therestoffundamentalrights,like freedom of speech and democracy, are impaired. The outstanding challenge is to createtechnologythatimplementsthoselegalguaranteesinawaycompatiblewith functionalityandsecurity. This book edited by Dr. Javier Herranz and Dr. Jordi Nin is devoted to edge- cutting data privacy technologies devised to cope with the huge automated private data collection inherent to the information society. Indeed, electronic transactions overtheInternet,mobilephones,etc.,resultinvastamountsofdatabeingcollected whichaddtothedatatraditionallycollectedbygovernmentagencies.Ifnospecial protectiveactionwastaken,poolingallthosedatawouldallowcreatingfairlyaccu- rateprofilesofeachcitizenorconsumer.Yet,the(avowable)purposeofdatacollec- tionisnotprofilingspecificindividuals:rather,itisconductingstatisticaland/ordata mininganalysesinviewofextractingknowledgeongeneraltrendsorrelationships betweenvariables.Suchanalyticalgoalsmustbe,andtheyactuallyare,compatible withtheprivacyoftheindividualpeopleororganizationstowhichthedatarelate. Thefirstpartofthebookgivesanoverviewonprivacy-preservingdatamanage- ment.Thenthereisapartdevotedtostatisticaldisclosurecontrol,whichaimsatcon- ciliating the utility of statistical data (whether microdata or tabular data) expected vii viii Foreword by users with a sufficiently low disclosure risk required by respondents to whom the data correspond. The last part of the book deals with preserving privacy in a numberofapplications,likedatamining,datasharing,andsocialnetworks.Hence, thebookisaccessibleandrelevanttoabroadaudience,includingstatisticians,data managers,dataminers,privacyexperts,andcomputerscientistsingeneral. Foralongtimealready,ithasbeenmypleasuretodoresearchwiththecoeditors andwithseveralchaptercontributorsofthisbook.Theyareafineblendofcomputer scientists doing research in database security and privacy, academic statisticians specializing in statistical disclosure control, and practitioners in data management andsoftwaredevelopment.Knowingnearlyallofthemprofessionally,Ihaveevery reasontoexpectthatthereaderwillbenefitfromtheirproficiencyandtheircommu- nicationskillsintheareaofprivatedatamanagement. Tarragona,6thJanuary2010 JosepDomingo-Ferrer (TheThreeWiseMen’sDay) Chairholder UNESCOChairinDataPrivacy DepartmentofComputerEngineering andMathematics Tarragona,Catalonia Acknowledgments First of all, we want to thank the authors who accepted our invitation to prepare a chapterforthisbook.Theydidagreatjob,firstbywritingveryinterestingchapters and then by taking into account the comments that they got from the reviewers. Theyfollowedtheguidelinesanddeadlinesthatweset,andingeneral,theymade oureditingworkquitehandy. Wearealsoindebtedtotheexternalpeoplewhohelpedustoreviewtheprelim- inaryversionsofthechapters.Thelistofreviewersissmall,buttheircontribution has been really big. They are Mark J. Elliot, Vicenç Torra, and Alexandre Viejo. Special thanks also go to Prof. Josep Domingo-Ferrer for writing the foreword of thebook. We would also like to thank the support that we have received from Springer, personifiedbyRebeccaMowatandBeverleyFord. Regarding institutional acknowledgments, the work of the two editors is sup- ported by different public institutions. Both of them are supported by Spanish MECMinistry(projectARES–CONSOLIDERINGENIO2010CSD2007-00004). Javier Herranz enjoys a Ramón y Cajal grant, partially funded by the European SocialFund(ESF),fromSpanishMICINNMinistry.JordiNinissupportedbythe European Community through the 7th Framework Programme Marie Curie Intra- Europeanfellowship,contractNo235226. ix
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