Principles of Modeling

564 Pages·2018·30.88 MB·English

by  Marten Lohstroh, Patricia Derler, Marjan Sirjani

Marten Lohstroh
Patricia Derler
Marjan Sirjani (Eds.)
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Principles of Modeling
C
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Essays Dedicated to Edward A. Lee
on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday
123
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 10760
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More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7408
Marten Lohstroh Patricia Derler
(cid:129)
Marjan Sirjani (Eds.)
Principles of Modeling
Essays Dedicated to Edward A. Lee
on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday
123
Editors
Marten Lohstroh Marjan Sirjani
University of California, Berkeley Mälardalen University, Västerås,Sweden
Berkeley, CA ReykjavíkUniversity
USA Reykjavik
Iceland
Patricia Derler
National Instruments
Berkeley, CA
USA
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)
Lecture Notesin Computer Science
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Preface
It is our great pleasure to dedicate this Festschrift volume to the scholarship and
teaching of Edward A. Lee, Robert S. Pepper Distinguished Professor Emeritus and
Professor in the Graduate School in the Department of Electrical Engineering and
Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley.
The title of this Festschrift is Principles of
ModelingbecauseEdwardhaslongbeendevoted
to research that centers on the role of models in
science and engineering. Edward has been
examining the use and limitations of models,
theirformalproperties,theirroleincognitionand
interplay with creativity, and their ability to
representrealityandphysics.Headmonishesnot
to“confusethemapwiththeterritory”1(thisalso
inspiredFig.2,thecoverartforthisbook)andhe
Fig. 2. “You will never strike oil by is keen to quote George Box’s famous phrase:
drilling through the map.” A phrase “Allmodelsarewrong,butsomeareuseful”[1],
coinedbySolomonGolomb[2].(Artwork notwithstanding that models and their ability to
byR.MchedlishviliandM.Lohstroh)
provide layered abstractions have been a key
enabler of the Digital Revolution.
At the same time, Edward points out that
the layers of abstraction that work so well
for information technology fail to expose
detailsthatarenecessaryfortherealizationof
other classes of systems, such as
cyber-physical systems or time-sensitive sys-
tems (Fig. 3). He also emphasizes that, for
engineers, modeling is a “two-way street”
since, unlike scientists, engineers can manip-
ulate both the model and the thing being
modeled. As such, we have the ability to
improve our designs by giving expression to
useful properties such as concurrency, deter-
minism, and time representation, both in our
models and the realizations thereof. As an
Fig.3. Layersofabstractionthatworksowell
educator and engineer (and self-proclaimed
for information technology break down for
nerd), Edward is very cognizant of the origin time-sensitivesystems.(ByEdwardA.Lee)
of ideas and design artifacts, and he is
1 ItwasPolish-AmericanscientistandphilosopherAlfredKorzybskiwhofirstremarkedthat“themap
isnottheterritory”[3].
VIII Preface
consistent and thorough at crediting the people who formed them. In other words, he
acknowledges not only the giants on whose shoulders we stand, but also our con-
temporariesfromwhoseideaswecangainimpetus.Edwardgenuinelyenjoysengaging
other minds and exchanging ideas—preferably via code—and has contributed greatly
to the fields of embedded systems, real-time computing, computer architecture, mod-
eling and simulation, and systems design.
It was heartwarming that so many fellow leaders in these fields were excited to
contribute articles to this special publication and were willing to travel from afar to
attend the Edward A. Lee Festschrift Symposium, held at the Berkeley City Club on
Friday October 13, 2017. Among the attendees of this day-long symposium we wel-
comed many of Edward’s collaborators, colleagues, industrial fellows, current and
formergraduatestudents,friendsandfamily,hiswife,Rhonda,and,ofcourse,Edward
himself. It was an unforgettable event that featured an array of phenomenal talks
keynotingtechnicalcontributions—punctuatedwithpersonalanecdotesandreferences
to Edward’s work—a highly engaging panel discussion on the topic of determinism,
and an opportunity to relax and socialize during the reception that followed in the
evening.
Fig.4. AttendeesoftheEdwardA.LeeFestschriftSymposium(PhotobyRusiMchedlishvili)
We, as organizers, are grateful to all authors for accepting our invitation and sub-
mitting first-rate contributions, to the reviewers who provided invaluable feedback on
thesubmissions,toallpresenters,panelists,andsessionchairs,forsharingtheirunique
perspectives, as well as to everyone who helped make the symposium such a memo-
rable event. We are grateful to Berkeley faculty members Prabal Dutta, Jan Rabaey,
AlbertoSangiovanni-Vincentelli,andSanjitSeshiafortheirgenerousfinancialsupport,
and we would like to thank Springer for granting us the opportunity to publish this
Festschrift in their Lecture Notes in Computer Science series.
In his three decades of teaching at one of the most prestigious universities in the
world, Edward has influenced many students, scholars, and members of industry with
his contagious drive for hands-on experimentation and his inquisitive mind that is
Preface IX
always in pursuit of grounding observations in a
sound framework of theory. These traits, together
with a wealth of experience, steadfast commitment,
and proverbial efficiency, serve as an impetus and
inspiration—tohisstudentsandcollaboratorsalike—
for rising above one’s self and achieving insightful
research results.
Despite being a professor emeritus, Edward still
considers himself a student, and is ever so eager to
learn. Edward has a real passion for programming
and has kept honing his programming skills
throughout his career. He has an extraordinary
capacity and willingness to experience paradigm
shifts in technology, not least by learning and mas-
tering new programming languages—a feat that not Fig. 5. All Tied Up (Construction,
1998,30(cid:2)40)byEdwardA.Lee
many professionals are able to pull off as gracefully
as he can. Edward also has a passion for art—as an
undergraduate in college, he took more art classes than engineering classes. He has
always continued to create artwork, among which are paintings (Fig. 1), mashups
(Fig. 6), and photographs. Over the years, some ofhisworks have become permanent
fixtures on the walls of the Donald O. Pederson
CenterinCoryHall,oneofwhichisshowninFig.5.
More recently, Edward has focused on the phi-
losophy of engineering, which he discusses in his
first book for a general audience: Plato and the
Nerd: The Creative Partnership of Humans and
Technology. This book, written for literate technol-
ogists andnumerate humanists,examinestherole of
digital technology in our lives and explains why it
has been so transformative and liberating, while it
tempers runaway enthusiasm that may lead one to
believe that anything physical is computational.
Living in a time where we witness the tremendous
impact of technology, but cannot always seem to
Fig. 6. Human and Technology
agree on whether to fear or to embrace it, we need
FormingEachOther(ByEdwardA.
moretorchbearerslikeEdward.Wehopethathewill
Lee, Plato and the Nerd: The Crea-
tive Partnership of Humans and continue to inspire and illuminate us with his bril-
Technology) liance for many, many years to come.
Fiat Lux!
May 2018 Marten Lohstroh
Patricia Derler
Marjan Sirjani
X Preface
References
1. George EP Box. Science and statistics. Journal of the American Statistical Asso-
ciation, 71(356):791–799, 1976.
2. Solomon W Golomb. Mathematical models: Uses and limitations. IEEE Transac-
tions on Reliability, 20(3):130–131, 1971.
3. Alfred Korzybski. A non-aristotelian system and its necessity for rigour in mathe-
matics and physics. American Association for the Advancement of Science in New
Orleans, Louisiana, December 1931.