Principles of Comparative Politics PDF
Preview Principles of Comparative Politics
The groundbreaking first edition of Principles of Comparative Politics offered the most comprehensive and up-to-date view of the rich world of com- parative inquiry, research, and scholarship. Now, thoroughly revised to address the latest developments in the Middle East, the conflict in Somalia, the NATO intervention in Libya and more, the second edition offers students an even better guide to cross-national comparison and why it matters. imPortant ChangeS inClude: • A new “Varieties of Dictatorship” chapter, as well as clearer headings • A significant reorganization of the “What Is Science?” chapter so signaling coverage of authoritarian regimes elsewhere in the text; that there is greater emphasis on the scientific method and less focus on the ins and outs of Mill’s methods; • A delegation, or principal-agent, framework is introduced as a unifying framework for analyzing different types of democracy in the “Parlia- • A thorough updating of the book’s more than 250 tables and figures, mentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies” chapter. and new works cited and country-specific bibliographies to aid stu- A slightly modified classification scheme is also used for identifying dent research; these democracies; • New end-of-chapter problem sets that help students work through • An expanded program of maps to allow students to visualize the the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological material that is geographic distribution of various key institutions around the world; presented. “Principles of Comparative Politics is the best introductory textbook I have found. I greatly appreciate the authors’ willingness to present recent research in political science, so that I feel like I am teaching “real political science” rather than a watered-down version for undergraduates. The text encourages students to think in terms of research they might conduct themselves, which I also think is a major contribution.” Sarah WilSon Sokhey, University of Colorado, Boulder “I was very impressed by the scope and depth of this textbook. I am also highly sympathetic to the authors’ goal of teaching students about the scientific method and applying deductive principles to comparative politics. The text provides a clear and detailed explanation of how to think systematically and logically about issues in comparative politics.” Pamela Camerra-roWe, Kenyon College “I really like the approach Principles takes, and am very pleased to finally have a textbook that introduces students to the science of political science in an introductory course. It is the only textbook I would consider for an introductory class on comparative politics.” indriđi h. indriđaSon, University of California, Riverside inStruCtor’S reSourCeS Free downloadable instructor’s resources for Student reSourCeS neW! Student companion website features chapter adopters include a test bank, PowerPoint lecture slides, and instructor’s summaries, quiz questions, flashcards, data archives on cross-national manual with syllabi, discussion questions, a solutions manual for the differences, and links to multimedia resources and more. problem sets, and graphics from the text. http://college.cqpress.com/sites/principlescp http://college.cqpress.com/sites/principlescp-instructor Principles of Comparative Politics SVALBARD ARCTIC OCEAN ARCTIC OCEAN (NORWAY) GREENLAND (DENMARK) Greenland Sea Baffin Norwegian Beaufort Sea Bay Sea UNITED STATES ICELAND NORWAYSWEDENulf of Bothnia FINLAND RUSSIA G Hudson GAulalfs koaf CANADA Bay Labrador Sea IRNEOLARNTHDE (RUNK) UNITEDNSoerathDENMARK Baltic SeRa US.LITHELUSAATTNOVINIAAIA Soefa BeSreiang IRELAND KINGDOM NETH. POLAND BELARUS Okhotsk GERMANY BELGIUM LUX. CZECH REP.SLOVAKIA UKRAINE KAZAKHSTAN PNAOCRIFTIHC UNITED STATES ST. 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FALKLAND ISLANDS (UK) SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND CQ Press Principles of Comparative Politics, 2e Frontmatter First Proof International Mapping 1/4/2012 SVALBARD ARCTIC OCEAN ARCTIC OCEAN (NORWAY) GREENLAND (DENMARK) Greenland Sea Baffin Norwegian Beaufort Sea Bay Sea UNITED STATES ICELAND NORWAYSWEDENulf of Bothnia FINLAND RUSSIA G Hudson GAulalfs koaf CANADA Bay Labrador Sea IRNEOLARNTHDE (RUNK) UNITEDNSoerathDENMARK Baltic SeRa US.LITHELUSAATTNOVINIAAIA Soefa BeSreiang IRELAND KINGDOM NETH. POLAND BELARUS Okhotsk GERMANY BELGIUM LUX. CZECH REP.SLOVAKIA UKRAINE KAZAKHSTAN PNAOCRIFTIHC UNITED STATES ST. PIERRE-MQ.A (FR)TNLOARNTTHIC PORTUGALBBiSsoPacfAayIyN FRANCE SWIITTZA.LMSYHLOOEANVRUTEZCESBNETNROIGRAOESOIGANAV RITAAIONIHLA &AUBANGNSAIAERGMRYBRRAIEACOE.BMCUELAGNAIRAIAMOLDBTOlVUaARcKkE YSeaGEAORRMGEIANIA AZCaEspRianB A SeIJaA NTURKUMZEBNEKISITSAATrANaNl Sea KYRGYTAZSJITKAISNTAN MONGOLIA NKSOOORRUTEHTAH JaSopefaan PNAOCRIFTIHC OCEAN BER(UMKU)DA OCEAN MCAADNEAIRRA(YS ( PPIS)OLRATN)DS MOROCCO ALGERIA TUNIMSIAeditSeerraanean CYLPEIRSBURAASNEOLN JOSRYDRAIAN IRAQ KUWIARIATN AFGHANISPTAAKNISTAN NEPAL BHUTAN CHINA CEShaeisnataKOREA JAPAN OCEAN KIRIBAUTINITED STATES GMAELAXPIGACUGOEAO(LETS SCE IAMUSLLAAVACDLANOGAOMDDSROTuS)AeRl RfxI iCocAPofAB NEALIMZEJAEAHCNMOUICNACAADIUCRDUABAORAGARUSCATHOHELAA BORITUANMIBHEAD. ABAOMNIVMATEAIL.G NLSRERSEEE N(PZNA.UED)AELA TP R U IVV N E II B IRRR D AGGTA SSA OR TTIINS MNNDB .. T GGR A DLVAAII&. 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EfE.O LAMLEGdASuNelfnA oI fr NOSaembaaiDnaM nAILDAIVESNI NDOIACSRI ELBBBAAeNaNAnKyGAg LoaANfSDlIENSGHAMPYOARNEMATRHACLIAALMAOMNSBDAOLDIAAVYIEBTSRNUAINMAESCIoISheuiNnathaDOTNAIWPEPAHhNSILiIlSPIiPpeAIPNapAELiASnUe G(UUASM)PNAEPWU AGMN(UUOICSINR)RTOEHANEERSNIA MARIANSAIOSSNLLOAANUMDROUSN MTIUSAVLRAASNLHUDASLL KIRTIBOAKTEILAU (NZ) AMSA(EUMRSIOC)AAN ISLACNODOSK (NZ) POLFYRNEENSCIAH (FR) PERUCHILEBOLIVIAPARABGRUAAZYIL DESPTE.N DHEENLECNIEAS A(UNKD) NAAMNGIBOIALABOTSWZAAZNIMMABBIAABWEMMOZAALMABIWQUIE MMA(YFAORC)DTOTAEMGOARSOCSARRÉUNION (FMR)AURITIUS (KE(EALUICNSOGTC RIOSALSLAIAN)DS) CHR(IASUTMSTARSA ILSIALA)ND Timor Sea TEIMASOTRAUSTRALIA CoralN VESAWeN aCUAALTEUDONIA (FWRA)ILSLLIASN &DF FSIUJ (ITFUR)NA SATOMNOGAA PITCAIRN ISLANDS (UK) RAPANUI / EASTER ISLAND SOUTH SOUTH SWAZILAND NO(ARFUOSLTKR AISLLIAA)ND (CHILE) ATLANTIC AFRICA LESOTHO SOUTH URUGUAY ARGENTINA OCEAN CTRUINSHTAAN ( UDKA) Tasman Sea PACIFIC NEW ZEALAND OCEAN CHATHAM ISLANDS (N.Z.) FALKLAND ISLANDS (UK) SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND CQ Press Principles of Comparative Politics, 2e Frontmatter First Proof International Mapping 1/4/2012 Principles of Comparative Politics WILLIAM ROBERTS CLARK University of Michigan MATT GOLDER Pennsylvania State University SONA NADENICHEK GOLDER Pennsylvania State University FOR INFORMATION: Copyright © 2013 by CQ Press, an Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. CQ Press is a registered trademark of CQ Press Congressional Quarterly Inc. An Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road All rights reserved. No part of this book may be Thousand Oaks, California 91320 reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, E-mail: [email protected] electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval SAGE Publications Ltd. system, without permission in writing from the publisher. 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London, EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom Printed in the United States of America SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd. B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mathura Road, New Delhi 110 044 Clark, William Roberts, 1962- India Principles of comparative politics / William Roberts Clark, SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd. Matt Golder, Sona Nadenichek Golder. 3 Church Street #10-04 Samsung Hub p. cm. Singapore 049483 Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60871-679-1 1. Comparative government. 2. Democracy. 3. Political Acquisitions Editor: Elise Frasier science—Research—Methodology. I. Golder, Matt. II. Production Editor: Laura Stewart Golder, Sona Nadenichek. III. Title. Copy Editor: Melinda Masson Typesetter: C&M Digitals, Ltd. JF51.C53 2013 Proofreader: Sarah J. Duffy 320.3—dc23 2012002163 Indexer: Marilyn Augst Cover Designer: Matthew Simmons, www This book is printed on acid-free paper. .myselfincluded.com Marketing Manager: Jonathan Mason 12 13 14 15 16 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ~ To our most important students: Meaghan, Brian, Liam, Cameron, and Sean. ~ About the Authors William Roberts Clark is professor of political science at the University of Michigan. He is the author of Capitalism, Not Globalism, and his articles have appeared in the American Political Science Review, Comparative Political Studies, Political Analysis, International Organization, and European Union Politics, among other journals. He has been teaching at a wide variety of public and private schools (William Paterson College, Rutgers University, Georgia Tech, Princeton, New York University, and the University of Michigan) for almost two decades. Matt Golder is associate professor of political science at the Pennsylvania State University. His articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, Journal of Politics, British Journal of Political Science, Political Analysis, Comparative Political Studies, and Electoral Studies, among other journals. He has taught classes on comparative politics, quan- titative methods, game theory, and European politics at the University of Iowa, Florida State University, the University of Essex, and the Pennsylvania State University. Sona Nadenichek Golder is associate professor of political science at the Pennsylvania State University. She is the author of The Logic of Pre-Electoral Coalition Formation and articles published in journals such as the American Journal of Political Science, Journal of Politics, Comparative Political Studies, Political Analysis, and the British Journal of Political Science. She has taught courses on game theory, political institutions, comparative politics, and quantita- tive analysis at Florida State University, the University of Essex, and the Pennsylvania State University. Brief Contents Contents xi Boxes, Figures, Tables, and Maps xvii Preface xxix PART I. WHAT IS COMPARATIVE POLITICS? 1. Introduction 1 2. What Is Science? 19 3. What Is Politics? 49 PART II. THE MODERN STATE: DEMOCRACY OR DICTATORSHIP? 4. The Origins of the Modern State 87 5. Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement 143 6. The Economic Determinants of Democracy and Dictatorship 171 7. Cultural Determinants of Democracy and Dictatorship 213 8. Democratic Transitions 265 9. Democracy or Dictatorship: Does it make a Difference? 325 PART III. VARIETIES OF DEMOCRACY AND DICTATORSHIP 10. Varieties of Dictatorship 349 11. Problems with Group Decision Making 413 12. Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies: Making and Breaking Governments 457 13. Elections and Electoral Systems 535 14. Social Cleavages and Party Systems 603 15. Institutional Veto Players 673 PART IV. VARIETIES OF DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL OUTCOMES 16. Consequences of Democratic Institutions 741 References R-1 Photo Credits P-1 Index I-1
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