Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4099 EditedbyJ.G.CarbonellandJ.Siekmann Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science QiangYang Geoff Webb (Eds.) PRICAI 2006: Trends in Artificial Intelligence 9th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Guilin, China, August 7-11, 2006 Proceedings 1 3 SeriesEditors JaimeG.Carbonell,CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JörgSiekmann,UniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany VolumeEditors QiangYang HongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering ClearwaterBay,Kowloon,HongKong,China E-mail:[email protected] GeoffWebb MonashUniversity SchoolofInformationTechnology P.O.Box75,Victoria3800,Australia E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006929802 CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.2,F.1 LNCSSublibrary:SL7–ArtificialIntelligence ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-540-36667-9SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-540-36667-6SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2006 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11801603 06/3142 543210 Preface The Pacific Rim InternationalConference on Artificial Intelligence (PRICAI) is one of the preeminent international conferences on artificial intelligence (AI). PRICAI 2006 (http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/pricai06/Header.htm) was the ninth in this series of biennial international conferences highlighting the most significant contributions to the field of AI. The conference was held during Au- gust 7-11, 2006, in the beautiful city of Guilin in Guangxi Province, China. Asinpreviousyears,thisyear’stechnicalprogramsawveryhighstandardsin both the submissionand paper review process,resulting in an exciting program that reflects the great variety and depth of modern AI research. This year’s contributionscoveredalltraditionalareasofAI,includingmachinelearningand data mining, knowledge representation and planning, probabilistic reasoning, constraintsatisfaction,computervisionandautomatedagents,aswellasvarious exciting and innovative applications of AI to many different areas. There was particularemphasisintheareasofmachinelearninganddatamining,intelligent agents, evolutionary computing and intelligent image and video analysis. The technical papers in this volume were selected from a record of 596 sub- missions after a rigorous review process. Each submission was reviewed by at leastthree members of the PRICAI ProgramCommittee, including atleast two reviewers and one Vice Program Chair. Decisions were reached following dis- cussions among the reviewers of each paper, and finalized in a highly selective process that balancedmany aspects of a paper,including the significance ofthe contribution and originality, technical quality and clarity of contributions, and relevance to the conference objectives. Thetechnicalpaperreviewprocesswasveryselective.Outofthe596submis- sions,weaccepted81(13.6%)papersfororalpresentationand87papers(14.6%) for presentation as posters at the conference. This corresponds to an overallac- ceptance rate of 28.8% among all submissions. In addition, we were honored to have keynote speeches by notable leaders in the field: Pedro Domingos, Ah Chung Tsoi, Wei-Xiong Zhang, Ning Zhong and Zhi-Hua Zhou and an invited talk by a further distinguished academic,Kuang-chihHuang. In addition to the main conference, PRICAI 2006 also featured an exciting tutorial program and workshop program,as well as several co-located international conferences. PRICAI 2006 relied on the generous help of many people. We extend our appreciation to the Vice PC Chairs: David Albrecht, Hung Bui, William Che- ung, John Debenham, Achim Hoffmann, Huan Liu, Wee Keong Ng, Hui Xiong, Mingsheng Ying, Shichao Zhang and Zhi-Hua Zhou,as wellas the hardwork of 333 members of the Program Committee and reviewers. We thank in particu- lar the professional help of Rong Pan and Michelle Kinsman, who provided an enormous amount of assistance with the conference reviewing system and web- site,andthank the generoushelpofthe previousPRICAIChairChengqiZhang VI Preface and the support of Local Arrangement Chairs Shichao Zhang and Taoshen Li. We thank the strong support of the Conference General Chairs Ruqian Lu and Hideyuki Nakashima. We also thank the PRICAI Steering Committee for giv- ing us this chance to co-chair the PRICAI 2006 conference, and Springer for its continuing support in publishing the proceedings. August 2006 Qiang Yang and Geoff Webb Organization Conference Co-chairs: Ruqian Lu (Chinese Academy of Sciences) China Hideyuki Nakashima (Future University - Hakodate) Japan Program Committee Co-chairs: Qiang Yang (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) Hong Kong Geoff Webb (Monash University) Australia Organizing Chair: Shichao Zhang (Guangxi Normal University) China Taoshen Li (Guangxi Normal University) China Workshops Chair: Riichiro Mizoguchi (Osaka University) Japan Rong Pan (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) Hong Kong Tutorials Chair: Charles Ling (University of Western Ontario) Canada Industrial Chair: Wei-Ying Ma (Microsoft Research) China Sponsorship Co-chairs: Zhongzhi Shi (Chinese Academy of Sciences) China Chengqi Zhang (University of Technology, Sydney) Australia Publicity Co-chairs: Jian Pei (Simon Fraser University) Canada Xudong Luo (University of Southampton) UK VIII Organization Program Committee Vice Chairs: David Albrecht (Monash University) Australia Hung Bui (SRI International) USA William Cheung (Hong Kong Baptist University) Hong Kong John Debenham (University of Technology, Sydney) Australia Achim Hoffmann (University of New South Wales) Australia Huan Liu (Arizona State University) USA Wee Keong Ng (Nanyang TechnologicalUniversity) Singapore Hui Xiong (Rutgers University) USA Mingsheng Ying (Tsinghua University) China Shichao Zhang (University of Technology, Sydney) Australia Zhi-Hua Zhou (Nanjing University) China Program Committee: David Albrecht Christian Freksa Aijun An Yan Fu A. Anbulagan Sharon XiaoYing Gao Hiroki Arimura Yang Gao Laxmidhar Behera Shyam Gupta Hung Bui Udo Hahn Longbing Cao James Harland Tru Cao Achim Hoffmann Nicholas Cercone Jiman Hong Rong Chen Michael Horsch Yin Chen Wynne Hsu Zheng Chen Xiangji Huang Jian-Hung Chen Joshua Huang Songcan Chen Shell Ying Huang David Cheung Zhiyong Huang William Cheung Mitsuru Ishizuka Yiu-ming Cheung Sanjay Jain Sung-Bae Cho Margaret Jefferies Andy Chun Rong Jin Paul Compton Geun Sik Jo Jirapun Daengdej Ken Kaneiwa Honghua Dai Hiroyuki Kawano Dao-Qing Dai Ray Kemp Pallab Dasgupta Shamim Khan Manoranjan Dash Deepak Khemani John Debenham Boonserm Kijsirikul James Delgrande Eun Yi Kim Zhi-Hong Deng Yasuhiko Kitamura Norman Foo Alistair Knott Organization IX RamamohanaraoKotagiri Rudy Setiono Peep Kngas Yidong Shen Kazuhiro Kuwabara ZhongZhi Shi James Kwok Daming Shi Wai Lam Akira Shimazu Longin Jan Latecki Carles Sierra Wee Sun Lee Arul Siromoney Tze Yun Leong Raymund Sison Xue Li Paul Snow Hang Li Von-Wun Soo Chun-Hung Li Kaile Su Jinyan Li Ruixiang Sun Gerard Ligozat Wing Kin Sung Ee-Peng Lim Hideaki Takeda Zuoquan Lin Ah-Hwee Tan Hong Liu Chew Lim Tan Tie-Yan Liu Qing Tao Jiming Liu Takao Terano Bing Liu John Thornton Huan Liu Kai Ming Ting Dickson Lukose Shusaku Tsumoto Xudong Luo Miroslav Velev Michael Maher Toby Walsh Yuji Matsumoto Huaiqing Wang Chris Messon Jun Wang Chunyan Miao Lipo Wang KyongHo Min Takashi Washio Antonija Mitrovic Ian Watson Shivashankar Nair Geoff Webb Geok See Ng Ji-Rong Wen Wee Keong Ng Graham Williams Zaiqing Nie Wayne Wobcke Masayuki Numao Limsoon Wong Takashi Okada Zhaohui Wu Lin Padgham Xindong Wu Rong Pan Hui Xiong Jeng-Shyang Pan Baowen Xu Hyeyoung Park Seiji Yamada Fred Popowich Jun Yan Arun K. Pujari Qiang Yang Hiok Chai Quek Ying Yang Anca Luminita Ralescu Hyun Seung Yang Jochen Renz Yiyu Yao Claude Sammut Min Yao Ken Satoh Roland H. C. Yap X Organization Dit-Yan Yeung Benyu Zhang Jian Yin Junping Zhang Mingsheng Ying Mingyi Zhang Xinghuo Yu Xuegong Zhang Jeffrey Xu Yu Byoung-Tak Zhang Lei Yu Jian Zhang Jian Yu Shichao Zhang Pong Chi Yuen Jun Zhang Huajun Zeng Ning Zhong Hongbin Zha Aoying Zhou Chengqi Zhang Shuigeng Zhou Zili Zhang Zhi-Hua Zhou Additional Reviewers: Mina Akaishi Martina Dankova Bill Andreopoulos Luc De Raedt Hiroshi Aoyama Marina De Vos Naresh Babu Aldric Degorre Nilufar Baghaei Mike Dixon Stuart Bain Jeremy Dokter Shankar Balachandran Didier Dubois Ravindran Balaraman Frank Dylla Thomas Barkowsky Weiguo Fan J. P. Bekmann Joel Fenwick Sven Bertel Liliana Mara Carrillo Flrez Michael Blumenstein Lutz Frommberger Abdenour Bouzouane Ken-ichi Fukui Tiberio Caetano Naoki Fukuta Lawrence Cavedon Chun Che Fung Hong Chang Gabriel Fung Ratthachat Chatpatanasiri Dorian Gaertner Qingliang Chen Bin Gao Jilin Chen Alban Grastien Yuanhao Chen Xue Gui-Rong Jie Chen Makoto Haraguchi Ding-Yi Chen Xuefeng He Kenil Cheng Keijo Heljanko Pak-Ming Cheung Jan Hladik Vic Ciesielski Chenyong Hu Andrew Connor Jinbo Huang Diana Cukierman Aaron Hunter Guang Dai Sun Jian-Tao Ugo Dal Lago Mike Jones Organization XI Sindhu Joseph Piero Pagliani Rohit Joshi Jeffrey Junfeng Pan Norihiro Kamide Tanasanee Phienthrakul Gour Karmakar Adrin Perreaude Pinninck Yoshikiyo Kato Kim Leng Poh Elizabeth Kemp Wayne Pullan Philip Kilby Prasertsak Pungprasertying Kazuki Kobayashi Josep Puyol-Gruart Takanori Komatsu Ho Bao Quoc Yasuo Kudo M. Masudur Rahman Sreenivasa Kumar Shri Rai Satoshi Kurihara Arthur Ramer Roberto Legaspi Delip Rao Hua Li Ramesh Rayudu Xiaodong Li Jochen Renz Guoliang Li Kai-Florian Richter Chavalit Likitvivatanavong Juan A. Rodrguez-Aguilar Chenxi Lin Maxim Roy Han Lin Jordi Sabater-Mir Ning Liu Ashish Sabharwal Jimmy Liu Falko Schmid Yang Liu Holger Schultheis Xiangyu Luo Inessa Seifert Wei Luo Steven Shapiro Stephen MacDonell Andy Song Stephen Marsland Fausto Spoto Akio Maruyama Anantaporn Srisawat Shouichi Matsui Sufatrio Le Ngoc Minh Xichen Sun Nguyen Le Minh Yasufumi Takama Masaharu Mizumoto Shiro Takata Mikihiko Mori Martti Tammi Koji Morikawa Thora Tenbrink Koichi Moriyama Quan Thanh Tho Masao Mukaidono Mirek Truszczynski Hiroshi Murata Ivor Tsang Tsuyoshi Murata Dinh Duc Anh Vu N. S. Narayanaswamy Jan Oliver Wallgrn Nide Naoyuki Meng wang Yoshimasa Ohmoto Gang Wang Masayuki Okabe Minhong Wang Yoshiaki Okubo Yang Wendy Wang Takashi Onoda Amali Weerasinghe Mehmet A. Orgun Miao Wen Mehrdad Oveisi Michael Winter
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