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Prevention of Laboratory Animal Allergy PDF

81 Pages·2014·2.24 MB·English
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Preview Prevention of Laboratory Animal Allergy

Prevention of Laboratory Animal Allergy Gregg M. Stave, MD, JD, MPH 13th CDC International Symposium  on Biosafety January 27, 2014 Questions  Why do people develop LAA?  Is it possible to predict who will develop LAA?  Does exposure to allergens vary by job or  task?  Are some animals more likely to cause LAA?  When hiring new employees, should people  with LAA be excluded?  If someone doesn’t develop LAA within 3  years, are they unlikely to develop LAA? Questions ● Can LAA be prevented? ● What are the elements of a comprehensive  approach to preventing LAA? ● Is there an Occupational Exposure Level (OEL)  to prevent LAA?  ● Are respirators really necessary to prevent LAA?  ● What should be included in a medical  surveillance program for LAA? ● Should workers with LAA be excluded or  restricted from work? Laboratory Animal Allergy (LAA)  Laboratory animal workers are at risk  of developing occupational allergy  and asthma  LAA can adversely affect personal  health and career options LAA is Common In the medical literature:   Between 10 and 44% of people working  with laboratory animals have respiratory  allergy  Up to 17% of those with allergy develop  asthma  Asthma can progress even in the  absence of continuing exposure Why do people develop LAA? Causes of LAA LAA is triggered by protein allergens  Dander Hair Saliva Urine Allergens are also present in bedding,   and on cages and other work surfaces Mechanism of LAA Protein allergen inhaled Activate T helper cells Stimulate B cells Produce IgE antibodies Immunology of Animal Allergy  Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) /MHC HLA class II molecules are involved in the  presentation of allergen to the T cell   HLA‐DR7 was associated with sensitization (odds  ratio [OR], 1.82; CI, 1.12‐2.97), respiratory  symptoms at work (OR, 2.96; CI, 1.64‐5.37) and,  most strongly, sensitization with symptoms (OR,  3.81; CI, 1.90‐7.65)   HLA‐DR3 was protective against sensitization (OR,  0.55; CI, 0.31‐0.97) Jeal H et al. HLA associations with occupational sensitization to rat lipocalin allergens: A model for other  animal allergies? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Apr;111(4):795‐799.

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Laboratory Animal Allergy (LAA). ○ Laboratory animal workers are at risk of developing occupational allergy and asthma. ○ LAA can adversely affect
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