Copyright © 2014 by Jeff Pearce Foreword © 2014 by Richard Pankhurst Excerpts from The Life of My Choice are reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. ©1987 Wilfred Thesiger All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without the express written consent of the publisher, except in the case of brief excerpts in critical reviews or articles. All inquiries should be addressed to Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018. Skyhorse Publishing books may be purchased in bulk at special discounts for sales promotion, corporate gifts, fund-raising, or educational purposes. Special editions can also be created to specifications. For details, contact the Special Sales Department, Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or [email protected]. Skyhorse® and Skyhorse Publishing® are registered trademarks of Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.®, a Delaware corporation. Visit our website at www.skyhorsepublishing.com. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on file. Cover design by Anthony Morais Top cover photo: Courtesy private collection of Borre Winckel Bottom cover photo credit: From Ethiopia Under Haile Selassie, Sandford, J. M. Dent & Sons (Orion Publishing Group), 1946. Print ISBN: 978-1-62914-528-0 Ebook ISBN: 978-1-63220096-9 Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS Dedication List of Illustrations and Photo Credits Foreword by Richard Pankhurst Note on Names Maps PART ONE: RESIST Introduction Chapter 1: The Duce and the Eternal City Chapter 2: The Negus and the New Flower Chapter 3: A Silent Room in Stresa Chapter 4: Bluster Chapter 5: Colors of Conscience Chapter 6: The Brink Chapter 7: “I Hope the Organmen Gas Them to Buggery” PART TWO: ENDURE Chapter 8: War Chapter 9: A Season of Betrayals Chapter 10: Schemes . . . Chapter 11: . . . And Downfalls Chapter 12: The Rain That Burns and Kills Chapter 13: The Old Man on the Mountain Chapter 14: “. . . If You Think It Better to Come Here and Die with Us . . .” Chapter 15: A King’s Lonely Prayer PART THREE: PREVAIL Chapter 16: Taken Up to Rome Chapter 17: “What Answer Am I to Take Back to My People?” Chapter 18: The Pride of Lions Chapter 19: Abattoir Chapter 20: Eden Bows Out Chapter 21: A Volcano, Permanently Simmering Chapter 22: Day of Deliverance Chapter 23: Champagne and Jazz Records Chapter 24: “That Was Another War” Chapter 25: Epilogue of Stones Notes Acknowledgments Select Bibliography Index DEDICATION There are some writers who are so good that you wish you knew them. I have never dedicated a book before to someone deceased, but in working on this project I came to deeply admire the brilliant prose, the scrappy courage, and the natural integrity of George Steer. So this book is, in part, respectfully dedicated to his memory. It is also dedicated to the Ethiopian Patriots. And it’s offered respectfully to the Ethiopian people, in the hope that I have done right by their history. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND PHOTO CREDITS Maps Maps designed by Dennis Chan. 1. Ethiopia, 1935 2. First Battle of Tembien 3. Battle of Enderta 4. Second Battle of Tembien 5. Battle of Shire Photos The Modern Caesar: Mussolini reviews his troops. Courtesy CriticalPast. The Hunted Lion: Haile Selassie. From Ethiopia Under Haile Selassie, Sandford, J.M. Dent & Sons (Orion Publishing Group). Sidney Barton, British Minister, at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 1929 to 1936. Photo courtesy of George Steer. Ethiopian Imperial Guard. From Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, Newman, Thornton Butterworth, 1937. Ethiopian village. From Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, Newman, Thornton Butterworth, 1937. The Defenders: Ras Imru, Ras Seyum, and Ras Kassa. From Ethiopia Under Haile Selassie, Sandford, J.M. Dent & Sons (Orion Publishing Group), 1946. Diplomacy’s Galahad: Anthony Eden goes into 10 Downing Street in early 1935. Courtesy CriticalPast. The Brave Front: Delegates for the Stresa Conference. Courtesy CriticalPast. Hands Off Ethiopia: Part of the Harlem protests on August 3, 1935. Courtesy CriticalPast. Harlem Recruitment. PARA signs up volunteers to fight for Ethiopia in July, 1935. Courtesy CriticalPast. The Black Eagle: Hubert Julian. Courtesy CriticalPast. The Brown Condor: John Robinson. From the Harold Hurd Collection. Pietro Badoglio. From Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, Newman, Thornton Butterworth. Rodolfo Graziani. From Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, Newman, Thornton Butterworth. Haile Selassie Gugsa. From Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, Newman, Thornton Butterworth. Herbert Matthews at Ende Yesus. Courtesy Eric Matthews. Correspondents at Ende Yesus. Courtesy Eric Matthews.
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