pretest Pathology

541 Pages·2003·5.62 MB·English

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P
RE
T
EST®
Pathology
PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review
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P
RE
T
EST®
Pathology
PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review
Tenth Edition
Earl J.Brown,M.D.
Associate Professor
Department of Pathology
Quillen College of Medicine
Johnson City, Tennessee
Student Reviewers
Sara M.Nesler
University of Iowa College of Medicine
Iowa City, Iowa
Class of 2002
Misha F.Haque
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas
Class of 2001
Joseph Cummings
University of Iowa College of Medicine
Iowa City, Iowa
Class of 2002
Harvey Castro
University of Texas—Galveston School of Medicine
Galveston, Texas
Class of 2002
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DOI:10.1036/007138975X
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Contents
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Laboratory Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
High-Yield Facts
High Yield Facts in Pathology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
General Pathology
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Cardiovascular System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Hematology
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Respiratory System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Head and Neck
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Gastrointestinal System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Urinary System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
v
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vi Contents
Reproductive Systems
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Endocrine System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
Skin
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
Musculoskeletal System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
Nervous System
Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Answers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
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Preface
The study of pathology, a science so basic to clinical medicine, has been
abbreviated sadly in many medical schools in recent years, and at a time
when explosive growth is occurring in the science. Recent advances in
immunopathology, diagnosis of bacterial and viral diseases including AIDS,
and detection of infectious agents such as papillomavirus in cervical dys-
plasia are proceeding at a tremendous rate. The tenth edition of Pathology:
PreTest®Self-Assessment and Reviewincludes such new subject areas as pre-
dictive values in the interpretation of laboratory data, the importance of
cytokines, the molecular basis of genetic and other disease processes, and
molecular biology techniques as these apply to lymphoproliferative disor-
ders and other tumors.
The medical student must feel submerged at times in the flood of in-
formation—occasionally instructors may have similar feelings. This edition
is not intended to cover all new knowledge in addition to including older
anatomic and clinical pathology. It is, rather, a serious attempt to present
important facts about many disease processes in hopes that the student will
read much further in major textbooks and journals and will receive some
assistance in passing medical school, licensure, or board examinations.
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Introduction
Each PreTest®Self-Assessment and Review allows medical students to com-
prehensively and conveniently assess and review their knowledge of a par-
ticular basic science, in this instance pathology. The 500 questions parallel
the format and degree of difficulty of the questions found in the United
States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1. Practicing physi-
cians who want to hone their skills before USMLE Step 3 or recertification
may find this to be a good beginning in their review process.
Each question is accompanied by an answer, a paragraph explanation,
and a specific page reference to an appropriate textbook or journal article.
A bibliography listing sources can be found following the last chapter of
this text.
An effective way to use this PreTest®is to allow yourself one minute to
answer each question in a given chapter. As you proceed, indicate your
answer beside each question. By following this suggestion, you approxi-
mate the time limits imposed by the Step 1 exam.
After you finish going through the questions in the section, spend as
much time as you need verifying your answers and carefully reading
the explanations provided. Pay special attention to the explanations for
the questions you answered incorrectly—but read every explanation. The
author of this material has designed the explanations to reinforce and sup-
plement the information tested by the questions. If you feel you need fur-
ther information about the material covered, consult and study the
references indicated.
The High-Yield Facts added for this edition are provided to facilitate
rapid review of pathology topics. It is anticipated that the reader will use
the High-Yield Facts as a “memory jog” before proceeding through the
questions.
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