Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion PDF
Preview Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information PresidentialCampaignsinLatinAmerica ElectoralStrategiesandSuccessContagion Howdopresidentialcandidatesinnewdemocracieschoosetheircam- paignstrategies,andwhatstrategiesdotheyadopt?Incontrasttothe claimthatcampaignsaroundtheworldarebecomingmoresimilarto oneanother,TaylorC.Boasarguesthatnewdemocraciesarelikelyto developnationallyspecificapproachestoelectioneeringthroughapro- cess called success contagion. The theory of success contagion holds that the first elected president to complete a successful term in office establishesanationalmodelofcampaignstrategythatothercandidates will adopt in the future. He develops this argument for the cases of Chile, Brazil, and Peru, drawing on interviews with campaign strate- gistsandcontentanalysisofcandidates’televisionadvertisingfromthe 1980sthrough2011.Theauthorconcludesbytestingtheargumentin ten other new democracies around the world,demonstrating substan- tialsupportforthetheory. TaylorC.BoasisassistantprofessorofpoliticalscienceatBostonUni- versityandhasbeenaVisitingFellowattheKelloggInstituteforInter- nationalStudies,UniversityofNotreDame. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information Presidential Campaigns in Latin America Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion TAYLOR C.BOAS BostonUniversity © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107131149 (cid:2)C TaylorC.Boas2016 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2016 AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. isbn978-1-107-13114-9Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsfor externalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguarantee thatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information To Helen,Julian,and Evelyn © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofTables xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 SuccessContagionandPresidentialCampaigns inLatinAmerica 1 2 ConvergenceonaPersonalisticStrategyinChile 47 3 ConvergenceonaTechnocraticStrategyinBrazil 87 4 LimitedContagionandInward-OrientedReactionsinPeru 134 5 SuccessContagionandPresidentialCampaignsin ComparativePerspective 176 AppendixA MethodologyfortheContentAnalysisof TelevisionAdvertising 213 AppendixB CodingInstructionsforReliabilityTesting 218 AppendixC CodingSheetforReliabilityTesting 222 References 223 Index 253 vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information Figures 1.1 DimensionsofCampaigning:Linkage,Cleavage,and PolicyFocus page8 1.2 TelevisionAdvertisingDevotedtoPolicyinBraziland Chile 12 1.3 TelevisionAdvertisingDevotedtoPolicyinPeru 14 1.4 MajorCampaignStrategiesinChile,Brazil,andPeru 16 2.1 StrategicConvergenceinChile 48 2.2 IntendedVoteinChile’s1988Plebiscite 55 2.3 ApprovalofPresidentPatricioAylwin 57 2.4 IntendedVoteinChile’s1989Election 58 2.5 ApprovalofPresidentEduardoFrei 62 2.6 IntendedVoteinChile’s1999Election 63 2.7 IntendedVoteinChile’s2005Election 67 3.1 StrategicConvergenceinBrazil 88 3.2 IntendedVoteinBrazil’s1989Election 91 3.3 EvaluationofPresidentFernandoCollor 94 3.4 IntendedVoteinBrazil’s1994Election 96 3.5 EvaluationofPresidentFernandoHenriqueCardoso (FirstTerm) 105 3.6 EvaluationofPresidentFernandoHenriqueCardoso (SecondTerm) 110 3.7 IntendedVoteinBrazil’s2002Election 111 3.8 CriticisminGeraldoAlckmin’sTelevisionAdvertising 115 3.9 EvaluationofPresidentLuizIna´cioLuladaSilva (FirstTerm) 117 3.10 CriticisminBrazil’sPresidentialElectionCampaigns 118 3.11 IntendedVoteinBrazil’s1998Election 121 ix © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13114-9 - Presidential Campaigns in Latin America: Electoral Strategies and Success Contagion Taylor C. Boas Frontmatter More information x ListofFigures 3.12 Lula’sTelevisionAdvertisingin1998:Over-Time Variation 122 4.1 ApprovalofPresidentAlbertoFujimori 135 4.2 ApprovalofSelectPeruvianPresidents 136 4.3 IntendedVoteinPeru’s1990Election 139 4.4 IntendedVoteinPeru’s2001Election 148 4.5 IntendedVoteinPeru’s2006Election 150 4.6 CampaignStrategiesinPeru 174 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
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