Presentation 3

17 Pages·2014·1.64 MB·English

Comparison of Gut Microbiota in
Obese, Diabetic and Healthy Control
Individuals
Yalcin Basaran1, Abdullah Taslipinar1, Sinasi Erol Bolu1, Mehmet Ali
Saracli1, Turker Turker1, Coskun Meric1, Cem Haymana1, Kamil
Baskoy1, Mustafa Dinc1, Ferhat Deniz2, Mahmut Yazici1, Aydogan
Aydogdu1, Alper Sonmez1 and Omer Azal1

1Gulhane Military Medical Academy School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
2GATA Haydarpasha Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Worldwide epidemic of obesity and diabetes !..
• Obesity and diabetes are of the
greatest public health challenges

• The prevalence continue to rise at
an alarming rate
What about Turkey ?
35% 31%
30%
22%
25%
20%
Obesity
14%
15% Diabetes
7%
10%
5%
0%
1998 2010 1998 2010
Population age >20 years
Satman et. al., Eur J Epidemiol, 2013.
What is the etiology of obesity and diabetes ?
• Etiopathogenesis of obesity and diabetes…
– Lifestyle changes (dietary habits and physical activity level)
– Genetic susceptibility

• But also…
– Changes in the gut microbiota composition
Kovatcheva-Datchary et al., Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol., 2013.
What is the gut microbiota ?
10%
90%
Bacteroidetes & Firmicutes
Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria,
Fusobacteria & Verrucomicrobia
Zhao et al., Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2013.
Of Mice…
• Studies in mice imply the imbalance of the gut microbiota as a potential
cause of obesity and diabetes…

– Mice lacking microbiota
have significantly less body
fat, despite eating more

– Transfer of the microbiota
from normal to these mice
results in significant increase
in adiposity and insulin
resistance
Backhed et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2004.
Turnbaugh et al., Nature, 2006.
…and Men
• Human studies are conflicting…

–  Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
(Ley et al., Nature, 2006.)

–  Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
(Schwiertz et al., Obesity, 2010.)

– No difference
(Arumugam et al., Nature, 2011.)

Million et al., Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 2013.
The purpose of the study...

• To examine and compare the
predominant fecal microbiota
(Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes,
Bifidobacteria and Clostridium
leptum) of obese, diabetic and
healthy individuals

• To demonstrate the causality
between the gut microbiota and
metabolic parameters
Study design…
Obesity
Exclusion criteria…
(n=27, male:20)
– Any chronic disease
(BMI: 40.0±5.6 kg/m2)
– Alcohol consumption/smoking

Type 2 Diabetes – Pregnancy/breastfeeding
(n=26, male:18) – Antibiotics, pro-prebiotics within
3 months
(BMI: 28.6±5.1 kg/m2)
– <18 years or >65 years

– History of intestinal surgery
Healthy controls
(n=28, male:22)
(BMI: 23.0±1.7 kg/m2)