Table Of Content

SAMHSA National Household Survey on Drug Abuse Series: H-6 Preliminary Results from the 1997 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse Office of Applied Studies /*HfcmftvHafl Vfe swv,cs^, J.* DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration ('if i^oisip^ j i OFFICE OF APPLIED STUDIES Preliminary Results from the 1997 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was prepared by the Division ofPopulation Surveys, OAS, SAMHSA, and the Research Triangle Institute (RTI), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Work by RTI was performed under ContractNo.: 283-96-0001. Significant contributors at RTI include Lisa E. Packer, Teresa R. Davis, Larry A. Kroutil, Brenda K. Porter, Michael B. Witt, L. Lynn Guess, and Tom Virag (Project Director). Significant contributors from SAMHSA include Joseph Gfroerer, Doug Wright, Joe Gustin, Janet Greenblatt, Joan Epstein, and Peggy Barker. Graphics and formatting ofthe reportwere done by Maria T. Rivero. PUBLIC DOMAIN NOTICE All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Citation ofthe source is appreciated. OBTAINING ADDITIONAL COPIES OF PUBLICATION Copies may be obtained, free ofcharge, from theNational Clearinghouse forAlcohol and Drug Information (NCADI). TheNCADI is a service ofthe Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). For copies ofpublications, please write or call: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information (NCADI) P.O. Box 2345 MD Rockville, 20847-2345 (301)468-2600 1-800-729-6686 TDD 1-800-487-4889 ELECTRONIC ACCESS TO PUBLICATION This publication can be accessed electronically through the Internet World Wide Web connections listed below. World Wide Web Internet Connections: http://www.samhsa.gov http://www.health.org ORIGINATING OFFICE SAMHSA, Office ofApplied Studies 5600 Fishers Lane, Room 16-105 MD Rockville, 20857 August 1998 n . . :: TABLE OF CONTENTS List ofTables iv Highlights 1 1 Introduction 5 Summary ofNHSDA Methodology Revised Methodology and Adjustment of 1979-1993 Estimates Format ofReport and Explanation ofTables NHSDA Other Reports 2. Any Illicit Drug Use 9 3. Marijuana and Hashish Use 16 4. Cocaine Use 17 5. Other Illicit Drug Use 19 6. Alcohol Use 21 7. Tobacco Use 23 8. Trends in Initiation ofUse 25 9. Women ofChildbearing Age 30 10. Perceived Risk ofHarm and Other Measures 31 1 1 California and Arizona . 33 12. Discussion ofResults 35 Appendices: Appendix 1 Description ofthe Survey 38 Appendix 2: Limitations ofthe Data 40 Appendix 3 Other Sources ofData 46 Appendix 4: References 51 Appendix 5: Detailed Tables 57 in LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1A Estimated Numbers ofPersons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 58 IN Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 59 2A Estimated Numbers ofPersons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 60 2N Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 61 3A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofLifetime Users ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 62 3B Percentages Reporting Lifetime Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 63 4A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofPast YearUsers ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 64 4B Percentages Reporting Past Year Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 65 A 5 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofPast Month Users ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 66 5B Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997 67 6 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1996 and 1997 68 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17: 1996 and 1997 69 8 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 18 to 25: 1996 and 1997 70 9 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 26 to 34: 1996 and 1997 71 10 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 35 and Older: 1996 and 1997 72 iv 731 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofAny Illicit Drug, by Age Group, Race/ Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 73 12 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofMarijuana, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 74 1 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofCocaine, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 75 14 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofAlcohol, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 76 15 Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/ Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 77 16 Percentages Reporting Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/ Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 78 1 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofCigarettes, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997 79 18A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofMarijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Users in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past YearFrequency ofUse: 1985-1997 80 18B Percentages Reporting Marijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Use in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past Year Frequency ofUse: 1985-1997 81 19 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofAny Illicit Drug, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 82 20 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofMarijuana, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 83 21 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofCocaine, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 84 22 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofAlcohol, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 85 23 Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 86 24 Percentages Reporting Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 87 v LIST OF TABLES Table Page 25 Percentages Reporting Past Month Use ofCigarettes, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 88 26 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofAny Illicit Drug, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997 89 27 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofMarijuana, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997 90 28 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofCocaine, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997 91 29 Percentages Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use, Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997 .... 92 30 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofCigarettes, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997 93 31A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofLifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Users ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population ofFemales Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Parental Status: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples 94 3IB Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population ofFemales Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Parental Status: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples 95 32 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofAny Illicit Drug in the U.S. Population ofFemales Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Characteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples ... 96 33 Percentages Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use, Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use in the U.S. Population ofFemales Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Characteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples 97 34 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofCigarettes in the U.S. Population ofFemales Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Caracteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples 98 35 Percentages ofPast Month Users ofCigarettes or Alcohol in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older Reporting Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco, by Levels ofPast Month Cigarette and Alcohol Use: 1996 and 1997 99 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page 36 Percentages ofPast Month Users ofCigarettes or Alcohol in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17 Reporting Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco, by Levels ofPast Month Cigarette and Alcohol Use: 1996 and 1997 100 37A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) ofLifetime Users ofSpecific Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Methamphetamine, Needles, and Heroin by Smoking or Sniffing/Snorting in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, By Age Group: 1996 and 1997 101 37B Percentages Reporting Lifetime Use ofSpecific Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Methamphetamine, Needles, and Heroin by Smoking or Sniffing/Snorting in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group: 1996 and 1997 102 38 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Marijuana During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates ofFirst Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs ... 103 39 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Cocaine During Each Year 1965-1996, TheirMean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs 104 40 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Any Inhalant During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates ofFirst Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs ... 105 41 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Any Hallucinogen During Each Year 1965-1996, TheirMean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates ofFirst Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs 106 42 EstimatedNumber (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Heroin During Each Year 1965-1996, TheirMean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs 107 43 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used Alcohol During Each Year 1965-1995, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs 108 44 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who First Used A Cigarette During Each Year 1965-1995, TheirMean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates ofFirst Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs ... 109 45 Estimated Number (in Thousands) ofPersons Who Began Daily Cigarette Use During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Daily Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates ofFirst Daily Use (per 1000 Person-Years ofExposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs 110 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 46 Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability ofDrugs in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1985-1997 Ill 47 Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability ofDrugs in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17: 1985-1997 112 48 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofSmoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 113 49 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofSmoking Marijuana Once a Month, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 114 50 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofSmoking Marijuana Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 .... 115 51 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofUsing Cocaine Once a Month, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 116 52 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofUsing Cocaine Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 117 53 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofHaving Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 118 54 Percentages Reporting Perceptions ofGreat Risk ofHaving Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997 .119 55 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainder ofthe U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4) 120 56 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 to 17 for California, Arizona, and the Remainder ofthe U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4) 121 57 Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use ofIllicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 18 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainder ofthe U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4) 122 58 Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability ofDrugs in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainderofthe U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4) 123 vin