Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America PDF
Preview Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America
Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO ARCHAEOLOGY Series Editor: MichaelJochim, University of Califa mi a, Santa Barbara Founding Editor: Roy S. Dickens, Late of University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Current Volumes in This Series: THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST AND MESOAMERICA Systems of Prehistoric Exchange Edited by Jonathon E. Ericson and Timothy G. Baugh THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF GENDER Separating the Spheres in Urban America Diana diZerega Wall EARLY HUNTER-GATHERERS OF THE CALIFORNIA COAST Jon M. Erlandson ETHNOHISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY Approaches to Postcontact Change in the Americas Edited by J. Daniel Rogers an Samuel M. Wilson FROM KOSTENSKI TO CLOVIS Upper Paleolithic-Paleo-Indian Adaptations Edited by Olga Soffer and N. D. Praslov HOUSES AND HOUSEHOLDS A Comparative Study Richard E. Blanton ORIGINS OF ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS Edited by Matthew H. Nitecki and Doris V. Nitecki POTTERY FUNCTION A Use-Alteration Perspective James M. Skibo PREHISTORIC EXCHANGE SYSTEMS IN NORTH AMERICA Edited by Timothy G. Baugh and Jonathon E. Ericson RESOURCES, POWER, AND INTERREGIONAL INTERACTION Edited by Edward M. Schortman and Patricia A. Urban SPACE, TIME, AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES Edited by Jacqueline Rossignol and LuAnn Wandsnider A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher. Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America Edited by TIMOTHY G. BAUGH Western Cultural Resource Management, Inc. Farmington, New Mexico and JONATHON E. ERICSON University of California, Irvine Irvine, California SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data On file ISBN 978-1-4419-3240-2 ISBN 978-1-4757-6231-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-6231-0 © 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1994 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1994 AII righ ts reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilm ing, recording, or otherwise, without written permission rrom the Publisher TO OUR FAMILIES Glenda (Poe) Prince Ericson Hana Christine Ericson Lindsay Baugh Geoffrey Baugh Contributors Timothy G. Baugh· Western Cultural Resource Management, Inc., Farmington, New Mexico 87401 Bruce J. Bourque • Maine State Museum, Augusta, Maine 04333 David Brose • The Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6 Roy L. Carlson • Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6 Timothy K. Earle • Institute of Archaeology and Department of Anthropology, Univer sity of California, Los Angeles, California 90024 jonathan E. Ericson· Department of Environmental Analysis and Design and Depart ment of Anthropology, University of California, Irvine, California 92717 jerry R. Galm • Department of Geography and Anthropology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004 jon L. Gibson • Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of South western Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504-0198 Richard E. Hughes • Geochemical Research Laboratory, Rancho Cordova, California 95670 Thomas L. jackson • BioSystems Analysis, Inc., Santa Cruz, California 95060 jay K. johnson • Department of Anthropology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677 Robert H. Lafferty III· Mid-Continental Research Associates, Inc., Springdale, Arkan sas 72765 R. Michael Stewart • Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 Susan C. Vehik • Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 J. V Wright • Archaeological Survey of Canada, Canadian Museum of Civilization, Hull, Quebec, Canada J8X 4H2 vii Preface Regional approaches to the study of prehistoric exchange have generated much new knowledge about intergroup and regional interactions. Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America is the second of two volumes* that seek to proVide current informa tion regarding regional exchange on a continental basis. From a theoretical perspec tive these volumes provide important data for the comparative analysis of regional systems relative to sociopolitical organization from simple hunter-gatherers to those of complex SOCiopolitical entities like the state. Although individual regional ex change systems are unique for each region and time period, general patterns emerge with regard to sociopolitical organization. Of Significant interest to us are the dy namic processes of change, stability, rate of growth, and collapse of regional ex change systems relative to SOCiopolitical complexity. Those volumes provide basic data to further our understanding of prehistoric exchange systems. This volume presents our current state of knowledge about regional exchange systems in North America excluding the American Southwest and Mesoamerica. Each chapter synthesizes the research findings of a number of other researchers in order to provide a synchronic view of regional interaction for a specific chronologi cal period. A diachronic view is also provided for regional interaction in the context of the developments in regional SOCiopolitical organization. Most authors go beyond description by proposing alternative models within which to understand the region al systems. The volume is organized by geographical and chronological divisions to pro vide units of the broader mosaic of prehistoric exchange systems. This space-time arrangement was selected because it parallels the diSCiplinary organization of New World archaeology. Also, regional speCialists will be able to understand the inter digitation between adjoining regional systems. The volume is organized into four parts. The introductory chapter summarizes and integrates each chapter in the volume into its regional context. The second part includes seven chapters on prehistoric exchange systems of eastern North America 'The first volume is The American Southwest and Mesoamerica: Systems of Prehistoric Change, eds. Jonathon E. Ericson and Timothy G. Baugh (New York: Plenum Press, 1993) ix x PREFACE from Paleoindian through Contact periods. The third part contains five chapters on prehistoric exchange and trade in the North American West from Paleoindian through Contact periods. The fourth part offers an evaluation of the volume and develops an evolutionary model. The volume demonstrates that archaeologists are continuing to refine their concepts and to use economic models to better understand prehistoric exchange. Although regional syntheses are presented by the authors herein, it is evident that much research needs to be done in future decades. The identification of future research requirements and problems was one of the main objectives of undertaking the writing of both volumes. Hopefully, future research will focus on a more detailed analysis of the strategies of procurement, production, transportation, and consumption in the context of sociopolitical organization. Such research will allow us to better understand the general as well as specific patterns of regional exchange systems and their variations. The volume is addressed to archaeologists, economic anthropologists, and eco nomic geographers who are interested in non-Western economic systems develop ment. Although the volume is not written as a text, it can be used as an advanced text for courses in North American archaeology and economic anthropology. The concept for this book and its companion volume arose during the 1986 meetings of the Society for American Archaeology held in Toronto, Canada. During those meetings a symposium was held on the topic of North American exchange systems and was designed to advance our current state of knowledge drawn from academic and contract research projects. The latter often provide a "gray" literature that is not published widely in the national or international literature. The initial volume was determined to be too long upon first submission to Plenum Press. It was decided to create a two-volume sequence, with the first volume focusing on the Amer ican Southwest and Mesoamerica, the second on the remainder of North America. Many of the contributors to these volumes did participate in the symposium. But because the symposium, as organized, had some serious prehistoric culture and geographical gaps, additional authors were asked to contribute to the volume to remedy this problem. Each paper was submitted to two or three outside peer reviewers and revised prior to its final acceptance for inclusion in the volumes. As a result, this volume is technically a peer-reviewed, edited volume with the option of rejection reserved by the editors. In addition, two discussants at the Toronto meetings, the late Cynthia Irwin-Williams and James B. Griffin, provided useful comments and discussion concerning these papers. During the meeting held after the symposium, Dr. Griffin noted the monumental task being undertaken for publication and doubted that such an endeavor would be successful. After much hard work on the part of the authors and the editors, however, we are able to present the reader with the information presented in the following pages. Meanwhile, we have gained full appreciation of Dr. Griffin's skepticism in this final volume. Acknowledgments The editors and authors gratefully acknowledge the comments of the following peer reviewers who made this volume possible. We hope that other editors will choose the option of external peer review in order to overcome one of the standing criti cisms of edited volumes by many academics. Robert E. Ackerman • Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4910 C. Melvin Aikens • Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403 Robert E. Bell • 1120 Berry Circle, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 David S. Brose • Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6 Jefferson Chapman • Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knox- ville, Tennessee 37996-3200 Jay F. Custer • Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware, Newark, Dela ware 19716 Stephen Davis • St. Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada William W Fitzhugh • Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Wash ington, D.C. 20560 David A. Fredrickson • Anthropological Studies Center, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California 94828 Richard W Jefferies • Program for Cultural Resource Assessment, University of Ken tucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0100 Susan Kaplan • Department of Anthropology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011 Geoffrey Lehmann • Division of Historic Preservation, Box 571, Jackson, Mississippi 39205 R. Lee Lyman • Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 R. G. Matson • Department of Anthropology and SOciology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B2 xi xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Clement W Meighan • Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024 Jerald T. M. Milanich· Florida Museum of Natural History, Department of Anthropol ogy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Donald Mitchel • Department of Anthropology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Brit ish Columbia, Canada V8W 2Y2 Michael]. Moratto· INFOTEC Research, Inc., Fresno, California 93711 George Odell • Department of Anthropology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104 Bruce Smith • Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 39205 Vincas P. Steponaitis • Research Laboratory of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3120 Bruce G. Trigger· Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montreal, Que bec, Canada H3A 2T7 James A. Tuck· Department of Anthropology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 557 John A. Walthall • Illinois Department of Transportation, Springfield, Illinois 62764 Clarence Webb • 3904 Creswell Road, Shreveport, Louisiana 71106 W Raymond Wood • Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
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