Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia

414 Pages·1990·14.936 MB·English

by  R. D. Dallmeyer, E. Martinez Garcia (auth.), Dr. R. David Dallmeyer, Prof. Dr. Enrique Martinez Garcia (eds.)

R.D. DALLMEYER, Athens, USA
J.D. KEPPlE, Halifax, Canada
Project 233 (Directors)
UNI,8.
Terranes~In
The Circum-Atlantic
Paleozoic Orogens
Volumes already published in the series:
R.D.DALLMEYER and E. MARTINEZ GARCIA (Eds.):
Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia (1990)
R.D. DALLMEYER and P. P. LECORCHE (Eds.):
The West Mrican Orogens and Circum-Atlantic Correlatives (1991)
R.D. Dallmeyer
E. Martinez Garcia (Eds.)
Pre-Mesozoic
Geology
of Iberia
With 187 Figures
Springer -Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Hong Kong Barcelona
Dr. R. DAVID DALLMEYER
Department of Geology
University of Georgia
Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
Prof. Dr. ENRIQUE MARTINEZ GARCIA
Departamento de Geologia
Universidad de Oviedo
33005 Oviedo, Spain
ISBN-13 :978-3-642-83982-5 e-ISBN-13 :978-3-642-83980-1
001: 10.1007/978-3-642-83980-1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Pre-Mesozoic geology of Iberia / R. D. Dallmeyer,
E. Martinez Garcia (eds.). p. em.
Papers from an international conference hosted by IGCP Project 233 (Terranes in the Circum-Atlantic Paleo
zoic Orogens) in Sept. 1986 in Oviedo, Spain. 1. Geology, Stratigraphic-Precambrian-Congresses. 2. Geology,
Stratigraphic-Paleozoic-Congresses. 3. Geology-Spain-Congresses. 4. Geology-Portugal-Congresses. I. Dall
meyer, R. D., 1944- . II. Martinez-Garcia, E. (Enrique), 1940- . III. IGCP Project 233-Terranes in the Cir
cum-Atlantic Paleozoic Orogens.
QE653.P744 1990 551.7'00946-dc20 90-9772
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Preface
The Iberian Massif constitutes the southwesternmost and largest tectonic element
of the so-called Armorican plate, a continental block which appears to have rifted
from Gondwana in the Early Paleozoic. It was then separated from Laurentia by a
proto-Atlantic Ocean, from Baltica by the Tornquist Sea and from Gondwana by
the Theic Ocean. Subsequent closing of these intervening oceans and the sequen
tial reassembly of the various continental elements resulted in multiphase Paleo
zoic orogenesis within the circum-Atlantic mobile belts. The Iberian Massif
therefore plays an important role in any attempt to reconstruct the Paleozoic
tectonothermal evolution of the circum-Atlantic continents, because it displays the
largest remnant of the western and southern margins of Armorica. Moreover, the
area has largely escaped significant rectonic reworking during Alpine tectonother
mal events.
In view of its critical tectonic position in the circum-Atlantic realm, Project 233
(Terranes in the Circum-Atlantic Paleozoic Orogens) of the International Geologi
cal Correlation Program hosted an international conference in September 1986, in
Oviedo, Spain. The conference focused on the geologic evolution of the Iberian
Massif and its regional correlatives. During the conference it became clear that the
knowledge of Iberian geology had increased markedly in the last decade, during
which the Spanish Geological Survey (IGME) itself had published over 300
1 : 50,000 map sheets. The overwhelming quantitiy of new geologic data presented
during the conference prompted us to organize a volume dedicated to synthesizing
the Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia. This is not merely a collecting of papers pre
sented during the Oviedo meeting, but, instead, represents a coordinated volume
in which regional experts were solicited for contributions. We feel the result re
flects the serious efforts of all contributors, and represents a major step forward in
Iberian geology. We sincerely appreciate the work of all reviewers whose com
ments have greatly improved this volume.
Athens/Oviedo, Autumn 1990 R. D. DALLMEYER
E. MARTINEZ GARCIA
Contents
Part I Introduction
Introduction to the Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia
R. D. DALLMEYER and E. MARTINEZ GARCIA . . . . 3
Part II Cantabrian and Palentian Zones
1 Introduction
A. PEREZ ESTAUN . 7
2 Stratigraphy . . . . 9
2.1 Introduction
A. PEREZ ESTAUN . 9
2.2 The Asturian-Leonese Domain (Cantabrian Zone)
J. TRUYOLS, M. A. ARBIZU, J. L. GARCIA ALCALDE, S. GARCIA LOPEZ,
I. MENDEZ BEDIA, F. SOTO and M. ThUYOLS MASSONI . . . . . .. . 10
2.3 The Palentine Domain (Palentian Zone)
J. L. GARCIA ALCALDE, J. R. MONTESINOS, M. TRUYOLS MASSONI,
S. GARCIA LoPEZ, M. A. ARBIZU and F. SOTO .......... ... 20
2.4 Carboniferous Pre-Stephanian Rocks of the Asturian-Leonese
Domain (Cantabrian Zone)
L. C. SANCHEZ DE POSADA, M. L. MARTINEZ CHACON, C. MENDEZ
FERNANDEZ, J. R. MENENDEZ ALVAREZ, J. TRUYOLS and E. VILLA 24
2.5 Carboniferous of the Palentian Zone
N. HEREDIA, L. R. RODRIGUEZ FERNANDEZ and R. H. WAGNER. 34
2.6 Stephanian and Permian Basins
E. MARTINEZ GARCIA ....................... . 39
3 Structure ...... . 55
3.1 Cantabrian Zone
A. PEREZ ESTAUN and F. BASTIDA . 55
3.2 Palentian Zone
L. R. RODRIGUEZ FERNANDEZ and N. HEREDIA 69
4 Igneous Rocks
L. G. CORRETGE and O. SUAREZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 72
5 Metallogenesis Zones
C. LUQUE, E. MARTINEZ GARCIA and F. RUIZ .............. 80
VIII Contents
Part III West Asturian-Leonese Zone
1 Introduction
J. R. MARTINEZ CATALAN ......................... 91
2 Stratigraphy
A. PEREZ ESTAUN, F. BASTIDA, J. R. MARTINEZ CATALAN,
J. C. GUTIERREZ MARCO, A. MARCOS and J. A. PULGAR ..... .. 92
3 Structure
J. R. MARTINEZ CATALAN, A. PEREZ ESTAUN, F. BAST IDA, J. A. PULGAR
and A. MARCOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4 Igneous Rocks
L. G. CORRETGE, O. SUAREZ and G. GALAN. . .... 115
5 Distribution and Characteristics of Hercynian Metamorphism
O. SUAREZ, L. G. CORRETGE and F. J. MARTINEZ ............. 129
6 Metallogenetic Characteristics
C. LUQUE and F. RUIZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Part IV Central-Iberian Zone
1 Introduction
A. RIBEIRO. . ........................ 143
2 Autochthonous Sequences
2.1 Stratigraphy . . . . . . . . 145
2.1.1 Introduction
L. VILAS and M. A. DE SAN JOSE 145
2.1.2 Ante-Ordovician Stratigraphy
M. A. DE SAN JOSE, A. P. PIEREN, J. F. GARCIA-HIDALGO, L. VILAS,
P. HERRANZ, J. R. PELAEZ and A. PEREJON .......... . · 147
2.1.3 Post-Cambrian Palaeozoic Stratigraphy
J. C. GUTIERREZ MARCO, M. A. DE SAN JOSE and A. P. PIEREN · 160
2.2 Structure
M. DIEZ BALDA, R. VEGAS and F. GONZALEZ LODEIRO .... · 172
2.3 Granites as a Paradigm of Genetic Processes of Granitic Rocks:
I -Types vs S-Types
J. M. UGIDOS ........................... . · 189
2.4 Distribution, Characteristics and Evolution of Metamorphism
F. J. MARTINEZ, L. G. CORRETGE and O. SUAREZ. · 207
2.5 Metallogeny
P. GUMIEL and A. ARRIBAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 212
3 Allochthonous Sequences
3.1 Structure in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula
A. RIBEIRO, E. PEREIRA and R. DIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
3.2 Metamorphic Evolution of the Allochthonous Complexes
from the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula
J. I. GIL IBARGUCHI and R. ARENAS .................... 237
Contents IX
Part V Ossa-Morena Zone
1 Introduction
C. QUESADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
2 Stratigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
2.1 Precambrian
C. QUESADA, O. APALATEGUI, L. EGUILUZ, E. Ln'lAN and T. PALACIOS . 252
2.2 Rift Phase (Cambrian)
E. LINAN and C. QUESADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
2.3 Passive Margin Phase (Ordovician-Silurian-Devonian)
M. ROBARDET and J. C. GUTIERREZ MARCO ............... 267
2.4 Synorogenic Phase (Upper Devonian-Carboniferous-Lower Permian)
C. QUESADA, M. ROBARDET and V. GABALDON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
3 Structure
O. APALATEGUI, L. EGUILUZ and C. QUESADA .............. 280
4 Igneous Rocks
R. SANCHEZ CARRETERO, L. EGUILUZ, E. PASCUAL
and M. CARRACEDO ............................ 292
5 Metamorphism
C. QUESADA and J. MUNHA ........................ 314
6 Metallogeny
J. LOCUTURA, F. TORNOS, P. FLORIDO and L. BAEZA ........... 321
Part VI South Portuguese Zone
1 Introduction
J. T. OLIVEIRA ............... 333
2 Stratigraphy and Synsedimentary Tectonism
J. T. OLIVEIRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
3 Structural Outline
J. B. SILVA, J. T. OLIVEIRA and A. RIBEIRO. .348
4 Metamorphic Evolution of the South Portuguese/Pulo Do Lobo Zone
J. MUNHA .................................. 363
5 Metallogenesis in the Iberian Pyrite Belt
F. J. A. S. BARRIGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Part VII Sedimentary and Faunal Domains in the Iberian Peninsula
During Lower Paleozoic Times
M. ROBARDET and J. C. GUTIERREZ MARCO ............... 383
X Contents
Part VIII Geodynamic Evolution of the Iberian Massif
A. RIBEIRO, C. QUESADA and R. D. DALLMEYER ....•.•....•• 399
Subject Index .................................... 411
Contributors
Addresses listed at beginning of respective contributions.
Apalategui, O. Martinez Garcia, E.
Arbizu, M. A. Menendez Alvarez, J. R
Arenas, R Mendez Bedia, I.
Arribas, A. Mendez Fernandez, C.
Baeza, L. Montesinos, J. R
Barriga, F. J. A. S. Munhli, J.
Bastida, F. Oliveira, J. T.
Carracedo, M. Palacios, T.
Corretge, L. G. Pascual, E.
Dallmeyer, R D. Pelaez, J. R
de San Jose, M. A. Pereira, E.
Dias, R Perejon, A.
Diez Balda, M. Perez Estaun, A.
Eguiluz, L. Pieren, A. P.
Florido, P. Pulgar, J. A.
c.
Gabaldon, V. Quesada,
Galan, G. Ribeiro, A.
Garcia Alcalde, J. L. Robardet, M.
Garcia-Hidalgo, J. F. Rodriguez Fernandez, L. R
Garcia Lopez, S. Ruiz, F.
Gil Ibarguchi, J. I. Sanchez Carretero R
Gonzalez Lodeiro, F. Sanchez de Posada, L. C.
Gumiel, P. Silva, J. B.
Gutierrez Marco, J. C. Soto, F.
Herranz, P. Suarez, O.
Heredia, N. Tornos, F.
Lifian, E. Truyols, J.
Locutura, J. Truyols Massoni, M.
Luque, C. Ugidos, J. M.
Marcos, A. Vegas, R
Martinez, F. J. Wagner, RH.
Martinez Catalan, J. R Villa, E.
Martinez Chacon, M. L. Vilas, L.