Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance PDF
Preview Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance
Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance ffirs i 11 March 2015 6:12 PM I would like to dedicate this book to Claire for her love, support and encouragement; and to our two boys, George and Charlie. I wish to thank my colleagues at Newcastle School of Dental Sciences for their input and support. I would also like to thank my students who, over a number of years, have provided invaluable feedback that guided the development of the book. This title is also available as an e-book. For more details, please see www.wiley.com/buy/9781118766675 or scan this QR code: ffirs ii 11 March 2015 6:12 PM Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance James Field BSc(Hons) BDS MFDS RCSEd MFGDP RCSEng CertClinEd MA(Ed) SFHEA FAcadMEd PhD Lecturer in Restorative Dentistry School of Dental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ffirs iii 11 March 2015 6:12 PM This edition first published 2016 © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Registered office: J ohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 1606 Golden Aspen Drive, Suites 103 and 104, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by health science practitioners for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Field, James, 1979- , author. Pre-clinical dental skills at a glance/James Field. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-118-76667-5 (pbk.) I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Tooth Diseases–diagnosis. 2. Tooth Diseases–therapy. WU 140] RK305 617.6ʹ3–dc23 2014047535 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Set in Minion Pro 9.5/11.5 by Aptara Printed in [Country only] 1 2016 ffirs iv 11 March 2015 6:12 PM Contents Preface vii How to use your revision guide viii About the companion website ix Part 1 The clinical environment 1 1 The clinical environment 2 2 Lifelong learning and reflection 4 3 Simulator jaws 6 4 Basic restorative equipment 8 5 Handpiece maintenance and operation 10 Part 2 Basic operative skills 13 6 Posture and working with a dental mirror 14 7 Effective use of posterior matrices 16 8 Controlling bur depth and angulation 18 9 Investigating and controlling the carious lesion 20 10 Posterior approximal preparations 22 11 Anterior approximal preparations 24 12 Accessing the pulp space 26 13 Direct posterior restorations 28 14 Replacing a cusp with a direct restoration 30 15 Placing cervical restorations 32 16 Restoring incisors 34 17 Periodontal instrumentation 36 18 Moisture control and dental dam 38 19 Records for treatment planning 40 Part 3 Core clinical skills 43 20 Controlling cross-infection 44 21 Communicating and recording information 46 22 Giving and receiving feedback 48 23 Medical histories and the presenting complaint 50 24 Oral health assessment 52 v ftoc v 11 March 2015 6:24 PM 25 Charting the dentition 54 26 Delivering oral hygiene instructions 56 27 Offering smoking cessation advice 58 28 Requesting and reporting on intra-oral radiographs 60 Further reading 62 Index 64 vi ftoc vi 11 March 2015 6:24 PM Preface Du ring most basic skills courses, you will necessarily make Most of the figures are derived from teaching materials that I a significant and marked transition towards becoming an use within the skills lab, and they have undergone several autonomous healthcare professional, working well within a iterations over the years. As such, I hope that they contain the clinical team and upholding professional and moral values. This is detail necessary to support conceptual understanding without a tough journey, and sometimes it has to happen in little over three overburdening you with technical details. Clinical photos are kept months. With the support and direction of your clinical teachers, to a minimum to avoid you copying a clinical endpoint; rather, this journey can nevertheless prove to be very rewarding. you should be able to visualise a clinical endpoint based on your This book is not a guide for established practitioners; it understanding of the approach. It is only then that you will be has been written primarily for pre-clinical students who are able to apply your skills more widely and deal with complications studying dentistry or dental-related subjects. It may also be effectively. While this guide is intended to provide a very basic useful as a revision aid for those preparing for basic skills-based understanding of each skill, there are suitable suggestions for assessments. A number of the handpiece exercises are conceptual further reading for each chapter. rather than being based on modern clinical approaches; this will Surgical and soft tissue skills such as tooth extractions and allow you to take a standardised and more consistent approach administering local anaesthetic are not discussed in the book. while you develop your basic skills. Furthermore, it will allow Nonetheless, the chapters cover a comprehensive range of basic your clinical teachers to make more valid judgements about your clinical operative and practical skills that should act as a sound decision making and operative control while in the skills lab. framework on which to build. Each chapter is limited to two pages in order to introduce the concepts concisely and to keep the guide simple and accessible. James Field vii fpref vii 11 March 2015 6:25 PM How to use your revision guide Features contained within your revision guide Each topic is presented in 2 Entering the clinical environment as a healthcare professional appear to your patients and the wider public in terms of your 3 cleaar ,d eoasusubypl-epto-op-erfaxtogepledlloa sbwnpya dr tseoiauargcdyrc awtienmixtchtst. Part 1 The clinical environment Fi••••g1 IMCAunuofreodendris imt1ce.aan1ltt ieomnT eghroegve Tcenlrcinnihaeicnsacele en vicronmlienntical e••••n COAPtrorvtegimtsauemndniiseutpraaWsnrtt ioaiaicooo fnardeonnkdtse aiiao nsnlb nngitnsoead knshal iakaasllmisplvllipsoeuarreancnet ••• SRGcaivoisinpingeg ao cnf odpn rracecectreincisveing feedback riraRThwetoGptmoieannrroieste dodlspenimpnluofe gsnoseoeobrnrhwa orsrn sfteuek otstau aa so aeideulloynigoc nn abolDp thosnddt riuiutmtv la ene aioitbreibmlatnrs abseotritae wt e n anl atia itnipscnnhaaleghhl aa g d aiaaiasCsttndcittsa tihtn ihege bo ifioeymegwnmt. yun ot,yIt Uane yutsiusstollc c; henslli u–a a isoayvieilnat ntr oe atieswirwednshru s ed pta giiob aqitp sdlrwt rKedh u uiaaekirivieesitnitrnel riniq il gldekgseowd eugcuens nnegdiaar nrlttnosaeeareto hi e twrcwtsoamtsiaolypahnnriynalrg r o. a d or bt yenttnaHdte u.r o shi sacsbiafittIod neimo iat‘obcyfiwny gtmdaliou.c te ees tnnieludte hveioxteynsfr sea orp sao a irwtosyrnc–,emu wr air dtobreteotlio htn noehgr chuen p udgeeoapennscriail mrrraetpnaveg o tsc.ioouoipae r fntwrThnfiemsoeim ggs sstpnidaes ebiler mblw’in.ene ieo rainsThitreiplens l t it sniatoahtaainooyes--ftll, PFtgbsraepttlloeiohotxnloelvuaocae enphdreldvdanA e mear ayeel esnacbv sbosqengdsete iy.ouumae onutd Th o v adrieutiy rpi end,ox enonro tmi a,rdeogswwrau aml ei euyrai bsnmhqnasnollntpes ir ueetutsacpo le phrpsaei(hnrl er,Pfh uaea r eaiedrtxannPenimgt uponlpyyn Edceptl poceet eheet)ysualncue d nsoueiitttaas tnro tuedasa rlcl a r die, neabtcal newhat s tnondssctshs eiienpoc dtaltav enrliev f er ttrempot bceeutceeogaerae yett ap umnn .rs wi iakronert.lddne a oienfool iqqto fln ifihffe upmro uuugesotmirnls rnyhwaoiliesae pge dovur d l etopenliymsd od lturoeaoeeto eo flhbuanvoe s, t pwtdea etfyefna rc nchoeoydollottaeret uoilf mtro ryiceu yen ewns tpaormbu sd,m etiui erliolofruevel. as.;n aanis cYbodA ayr,eion nenlcuo sip umuaasieuairnl mtdmxl a aaespgseprs.c bhr a etketefooAebo i crnacat roouttselv anehs muolcildddoaes--tf Chapter 1 The clinical environment take a career-long interest in your fitness to practise as you move patient and the wider team within which you work. 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You will also be expected to engage with clinical governance. Thordise rc toon pcreopmt owtea sh iignhtr sotdanucdeadrd bs yo ft chaer eN, tartainonspaal rHenecayl,t hac Scoeruvnitcaeb iiln- Dental loupes ity and continual improvement in the delivery of care. The elements Finally, many students ask me whether they should obtain their of clinical governance are often referred to as the ‘seven pillars’: own set of dental loupes at this stage. I would recommend try- ••••••• ECCRORIndeillpfsiisuonnkeecrnii amccmanraatciaealloh nstaenis auffao gndaenencdi mtmtd idv eateenrnvnataeieglnsoeispmnmgeenntt iriLtgabnmoenouoqg dyupwa u prhwtotiohreherivesetaak he mdtac m ow,nay .uin yoietThtt ,nuhi m shtt ie hhnocairearng weasivn tee aetiipv chr fiireteaenche rl ma i,seot ttcih iipamoraoanielpntblpry ypy ear a;osdoot niybruv vds‘tae weuto se eynobipmvcoirtei takusdyrdi irf enaeno tnvpn ograacotm naitedslr l aatia syusnbppu trltcpargeehoenrg,,e occeiao epnesslf’dot.rc stiuuldIh auftpret ehdeeyneyasi ostp n tar u srgbetlh e h qedtssoefuhtceouruirrcerrliodide epdiue steyyngni nooothtosnuuoo-t. PCroem-Cplianniicoanl Dweenbtsaitl eS: kwilwls wa.tw ai lGeyla.cnocme, /Fgior/sfit eElddi/tpiorenc.l iJnamicaels- dFeienltda.l ©-s k2i0ll1s5 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. spiaotniAearnlg tdu ceaavbreleyl o,a ponmnde e tonhfte t ihsd eea nmdtoaopls ttti enimagm pa.on Pr taaaprntp tro eoflp etrmhiiaestn eit ssa taotbift oeuuadtre lhy t oopwwro ayfreodsus- tafihdeelvd-al neontfa svg, iefleswi.p H-isu ipagn hle einmr smp aonargdtna inilfiltu ccmaotniionsnaidt eiesdr a nltooiout npa.elsw; aeyasc hb eotffteerr,s aintsd o twhne 38 18 Moisture control and dental dam photogrYaopuhrs t eaxntdb oiloluks tisra ftuiolln osf. Part 2 Basic operative skills Figure 18.1 Moisture control and dental dam CLasionptgtiruoaantlo rroslls Dry tips Floss passed once through holes and tied Yankauer Low volume aspirator High volume aspirator Only the clamp tips should engage tooth tissue Dam and floss Hole punch Frame Wingless clamp Pull the dam from the distal tooth with a flat plastic Pull the dam under the clamp tbheea kcso natnadc tpsass floss through Clamp forceps Scissors and flat plastic Butterfly clamp Winged clamp viii PCroem-Cplianniicoanl Dweenbtsaitl eS: kwilwls wa.tw ai lGeyla.cnocme, /Fgior/sfit eElddi/tpiorenc.l iJnamicaels- dFeienltda.l ©-s k2i0ll1s5 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. c18 38 11 February 2015 5:09 PM flflaasstt vviiiiii 1111 MMaarrcchh 22001155 66::2266 PPMM
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