Table Of Content

PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT® New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto 00_FM.indd 1 2/8/19 9:51 AM This page intentionally left blank 00_FM.indd 2 2/8/19 9:51 AM PRACTICE MAK E S PERFECT® Third Edition Robin Torres-Gouzerh New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto 00_FM.indd 3 2/8/19 9:51 AM Copyright © 2019 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-1-26-045346-1 MHID: 1-26-045346-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-1-26-045345-4, MHID: 1-26-045345-6. eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designa- tions appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education Publishing logo, Practice Makes Perfect, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. McGraw-Hill Education is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Extra Exercise Questions Additional review exercises that support this book can be found in the McGraw-Hill Education Language Lab App. Go to www.mhlanguagelab.com for details on how to access this free app, which is available for Apple and Android tablet and mobile devices, as well as for computer via web browser. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUD- ING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT- ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. Contents Preface ix 1 The sentence 1 Noun phrases 2 Verb phrases 2 Modifiers 3 2 The verb phrase 5 Auxiliary verbs 6 3 The verb 9 Linking verbs 9 Irregular verbs 10 Tenses 11 4 The progressive tenses 14 The present progressive 14 The past progressive 14 The future progressive 16 5 The perfect tenses 20 The present perfect 20 The past perfect 25 The future perfect 27 6 Modal auxiliaries 33 Shades of meaning 36 Special auxiliaries 41 7 The progressive forms of modal auxiliaries 43 8 The auxiliary verb do 48 Using do in questions 48 Using do in negative sentences 49 v 00_FM.indd 5 2/8/19 9:51 AM 9 The passive voice 52 Using the passive 53 10 The passive form of modal auxiliaries 58 The future tense 58 The past tense 58 11 The stative passive 61 Adjectives and participles 61 The progressive form vs. the stative passive 63 Prepositions 65 12 Past participles with get 67 13 Participial adjectives 70 Present participles 70 Past participles 70 14 Subject-verb agreement 74 Third-person singular and plural 74 The verb be 76 Expressions of quantity 77 Collective nouns 79 Auxiliary verbs 81 Complex sentences 82 15 Agreement with nouns 84 Personal pronouns and collective nouns 84 Indefinite pronouns 87 Complex nouns 89 16 Using other 90 Adjectives 90 Pronouns 91 17 Gerunds 94 Distinguishing gerunds from present participles 95 The possessive 95 18 Conjunctions 97 Coordinating conjunctions 97 Conjunctions and their meaning 98 Correlative conjunctions 100 Subordinating conjunctions 104 Adverbs that act as conjunctions 108 vi Contents 00_FM.indd 6 2/8/19 9:51 AM 19 Prepositions 110 Compound prepositions 110 Noun and pronoun objects 112 More than one prepositional phrase 114 20 Adjectives and adverbs 115 Adjectives 115 Adverbs 115 21 Filler subjects and impersonal subjects 120 Filler subjects 120 Impersonal subjects 121 22 Clauses 124 Independent clauses 124 Dependent clauses 124 Relative clauses 125 23 Punctuation 149 The period 149 The comma 150 The semicolon 152 The colon 154 The question mark 155 The exclamation point 155 The apostrophe 156 Quotation marks 158 The hyphen and the dash 159 Parentheses and brackets 160 24 Capitalization, numbers, and italics 162 Capitalization 162 Numbers 166 Italics 168 appendix Review exercises 170 Answer key 210 Contents vii 00_FM.indd 7 2/8/19 9:51 AM This page intentionally left blank 00_FM.indd 8 2/8/19 9:51 AM Preface Grammar can be frustrating to master as you try to learn a language. This book was written to be easily accessible to students of English as a second language. Practice Makes Perfect: Intermediate English Grammar for ESL Learners is designed to help be- ginner- and intermediate-level learners hone their grammatical skills to the point where they are comfortable with English grammar. Technical terminology has been kept to a minimum, and simple terms are used wherever possible. As a result, you will be able to focus on learning new material. You have already begun your study of English grammar. This book will provide you with a higher-level look at that grammar. The numerous examples provide models on which you can rely to form your own original sentences. The many practical exercises give you the opportunity to practice what you have learned. Be sure to use the answer key to check your work. And this second edition is supported by additional review questions in the McGraw-Hill Education Language Lab app. As you progress through this book, you will find that your confidence in using English is growing, and by the time you finish the book, you will be one major step closer to being a fluent speaker and writer. ix 00_FM.indd 9 2/8/19 9:51 AM