Practical Guide to Machine Vision Software: An Introduction with LabVIEW

293 Pages·2015·10.58 MB·English

by  Kye-Si Kwon

Kye-Si Kwon and Steven Ready
Practical Guide
to Machine
Vision Software
An Introduction with LabVIEW

Kye-SiKwon
StevenReady
PracticalGuideto
MachineVisionSoftware
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Kye-Si Kwon and Steven Ready
Practical Guide to Machine Vision Software
An Introduction with LabVIEW
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V
Contents
AbouttheAuthors IX
Preface XI
1 BasicsofMachineVision 1
1.1 DigitalImages 1
1.1.1 GrayscaleImage 1
1.1.2 BinaryImage 2
1.1.3 ColorImage 3
1.2 ComponentsofImagingSystem 5
1.2.1 Camera 6
1.2.2 CameraBus:TheMethodtoConnectPCandCamera 10
1.2.3 Lens 13
1.2.4 Lighting 15
2 ImageAcquisitionwithLabVIEW 17
2.1 AcquiringImageswithMAX 17
2.2 AcquiringImagesUsingLabVIEW 19
2.2.1 IMAQdxFunctions 19
2.2.2 ImageManagementFunctions 21
2.2.3 BlockDiagramforImageAcquisition 23
2.2.4 ImageAcquisitionfromExample 23
2.2.5 VisionAcquisitionExpress 26
3 ParticleAnalysis 33
3.1 ParticleAnalysisUsingVisionAssistant 34
3.1.1 ImageAcquisitionUsingVisionAssistant 35
3.1.2 ImageProcessingFunctions 37
3.1.3 SettingaROI(RegionofInterest) 38
3.1.4 BinaryImageConversion 40
3.1.5 Morphology 43
3.1.6 ParticleAnalysis 44
3.2 LabVIEWCodeCreationUsingVisionAssistant 47
VI Contents
3.2.1 BlockDiagramofCreatedLabVIEWCode 50
3.2.2 ImageTypeModification 54
3.3 LabVIEWCodeModification 55
3.3.1 SubVIforParticleAnalysis 55
3.4 ParticleAnalysisUsingVisionExpress 67
3.4.1 VisionAcquisitionExpress 67
3.4.2 VisionAssistantExpress 68
3.5 ConversionofPixelstoReal-WorldUnits 71
4 EdgeDetection 75
4.1 EdgeDetectionviaVisionAssistant 75
4.2 LabVIEWCodeforEdgeDetection 78
4.3 VIforReal-Time-BasedEdgeDetection 81
4.4 TheUseofVisionAssistantExpressforReal-TimeEdgeDetection 85
5 PatternMatching 89
5.1 PatternMatchingUsingVisionAssistant 90
5.2 LabVIEWCodeCreationandModification 96
5.3 MainVIforPatternMatching 99
5.4 VisionAssistantExpress 101
6 ColorPatternMatching 105
6.1 ColorPatternMatchingUsingVisionAssistantExpress 105
6.1.1 VisionAcquisitionExpress 107
6.1.2 VisionAssistantExpress 108
6.1.3 MainVI 112
7 DimensionMeasurement 117
7.1 DimensionMeasurementUsingVisionAssistantExpress 117
7.1.1 FindCircularEdgeFunction 119
7.1.2 ClampFunction 119
7.1.3 CaliperFunction 123
7.2 VICreationforDimensionMeasurement 126
7.2.1 VisionAssistantExpressVIforDimensionMeasurement 126
7.2.2 ROIArray 127
7.2.3 FrontPanelofMainVI 129
7.2.4 BlockDiagramoftheMainVI 130
8 DimensionMeasurementUsingCoordinateSystem 135
8.1 MeasurementBasedonaReferenceCoordinateSystemUsingVision
AssistantExpress 135
8.1.1 PatternMatching 137
8.1.2 CoordinateSystem 138
8.1.3 DimensionMeasurementUsingtheClampFunction 141
8.1.4 MeasurementofCircleEdge 142
8.2 ConversionofVisionAssistantExpresstoaStandardVI 145
Contents VII
9 GeometricMatching 149
9.1 GeometricMatchingUsingVisionAssistantExpress 150
9.1.1 GeometricMatchingforCircles 151
9.1.2 GeometricMatchingforEllipses 155
9.2 VICreationforGeometricMatching 158
9.3 ShapeDetection 159
10 BinaryShapeMatching 165
10.1 AccessingPreviouslySavedImageswithVisionAcquisitionExpress 166
10.2 BinaryShapeMatchingUsingVisionAssistant 168
10.2.1 BinaryTemplateImages 169
10.2.2 BinaryShapeMatching 170
10.3 OverlayVICreationforShapeMatching 172
10.4 VIforBinaryShapeMatching 173
11 OCR(OpticalCharacterRecognition) 177
11.1 OCRUsingVisionAssistant 177
11.1.1 CharacterTrainingUsingVisionAssistant 177
11.1.2 CharacterIdentificationUsingVisionAssistant 181
11.2 VIforOCR 185
11.2.1 VICreationforOCRUsingVisionAssistant 185
11.2.2 SubVIforOCR 185
11.2.3 MainVI 187
12 BinaryParticleClassification 191
12.1 VisionAcquisitionExpresstoLoadImageFiles 192
12.2 VisionAssistantExpressforClassification 194
12.2.1 TrainforParticleClassification 194
12.2.2 VICreation 199
12.3 VIModification 200
12.4 OverlayforClassification 204
12.5 MainVIforClassification 206
13 ContourAnalysis 209
13.1 ContourAnalysis 210
13.1.1 ImageAcquisitionUsingaUSBCamera 210
13.1.2 ContourAnalysisUsingVisionAssistant 212
13.1.3 DefectDetectionUsingCurvature 215
13.1.4 DefectDetectionbyComparingContours 216
13.1.5 VICreation 219
13.2 VIsforContourAnalysis 219
13.2.1 MainVI 219
13.2.2 OverlayforDefects 222
13.2.3 PerspectiveErrorsinImages 225
VIII Contents
14 ImageCalibrationandCorrection 227
14.1 MethodforCreatinganImageCorrectionFile 227
14.1.1 ImageAcquisition 228
14.1.2 NewCalibrationFile 228
14.2 ImageCorrection 234
14.2.1 ImageCorrectionUsingVisionAssistantExpress 234
14.2.2 VICreationforImageCorrection 237
15 SavingandReadingImages 241
15.1 SavingImage 241
15.2 ImageReadfromFile 245
15.2.1 IMAQReadfile 245
15.2.2 ExampleofReadingImagefromImageFiles 246
16 AVIFileWriteandRead 249
16.1 AVIFileCreationUsingImageFiles 249
16.2 AVIFileCreationBasedonReal-TimeImageAcquisition 251
16.3 ReadFramefromAVIFiles 252
17 Tracking 255
17.1 TrackingwiththeUseofVisionAssistant 255
17.2 VICreationforTrackingObjects 259
18 LabVIEWMachineVisionApplications* 263
18.1 SemiconductorManufacturing 263
18.2 AutomobileIndustry 264
18.3 MedicalandBioApplications 266
18.4 Inspection 268
18.5 IndustrialPrinting 269
19 StudentProjects 271
Project1:NoncontactMotionMeasurementanditsAnalysis 271
Project2:IntelligentSurveillanceCamera 271
Project3:DrivingaLEGONXTCar(LEGOMindstorm)with
FingerMotion 273
Project4:PianoKeyboardUsingMachineVision 273
Index 275
*All images containing (LabVIEW, IMAQ and LabVIEW Vision applications in chapter 18) are
providedbyororiginatefromthehardwareandsoftwareofNationalInstrumentsCorporationandits
affiliates.NationalInstrumentsreservesallrightsincludingtrademarksinsuchimages.