Practical Guide to Equine Colic

369 Pages·2012·18.75 MB·English

Practical Guide to Equine Colic
Website
This book is accompanied by a companion website:
www.wiley.com/go/southwood
The website includes:
• Quizzes for each chapter
• Additional clinical scenarios
• Video demonstrations of surgical procedures
Practical Guide to Equine Colic
Edited by
Louise L. Southwood
With Illustrations by Joanne Fehr
A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication
This edition first published 2013 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Practical guide to equine colic / edited by Louise L. Southwood ; with illustrations by Joanne Fehr.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8138-1832-0 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Colic in horses. I. Southwood, Louise L.
SF959.C6P73 2012
636.1′089755–dc23
2012010995
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be
available in electronic books.
Cover design by Modern Alchemy LLC
Set in 9.5/11.5pt Palatino, by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India
1 2013
Dedicated to Eric, Aiden, Kody, and Kylie Parente
Scott, Samantha, and Benjamin Fehr
Contents
Contributors ix 9 Clinical Laboratory Data 78
Preface xi Raquel M. Walton
Overview of Practical Guide to Equine Colic xii
10 Abdominocentesis and Peritoneal
Fluid Analysis 87
1 Patient Signalment and History 1 Raquel M. Walton and Louise L. Southwood
Louise L. Southwood
11 Intravenous Catheterization and
2 Physical Examination 12 Fluid Therapy 99
Louise L. Southwood Louise L. Southwood
3 Abdominal Palpation per Rectum 22 12 Abdominal Sonographic
Louise L. Southwood and Joanne Fehr Evaluation 116
JoAnn Slack
4 Nasogastric Intubation 38
Joanne Fehr 13 Abdominal Radiographic
Examination 149
5 Management of Mild Colic 45 Sarah M. Puchalski
Sarah Dukti
14 Trocharization 160
6 Analgesia 51 Joanne Fehr
Luiz C. Santos and Louise L. Southwood
15 Medical versus Surgical Treatment
7 Enteral Fluid Therapy 62 of the Horse with Colic 164
Jennifer A. Brown and Samantha K. Hart Louise L. Southwood
8 Referral of the Horse with Colic 71 16 Colic Surgery 173
Louise L. Southwood and Joanne Fehr Kira L. Epstein and Joanne Fehr
vii
viii Contents
17 Specific Causes of Colic 204 23 Nutrition 301
Eileen S. Hackett Brett S. Tennent-Brown, Kira L. Epstein,
and Sarah L. Ralston
18 Postoperative Patient Care 230
Samantha K. Hart 24 Gastrointestinal Parasitology
and Anthelmintics 316
19 Postoperative Complications 244 Louise L. Southwood
Diana M. Hassel
Appendix A Clinical Scenarios 325
20 Biosecurity 262 Appendix B Drug Dosages used in the
Helen W. Aceto Equine Colic Patient 330
Appendix C Normal Ranges for Hematology
21 Special Considerations 278 and Plasma Chemistry and
Louise L. Southwood Conversion Table for Units 339
Index 343
22 Long-term Recovery and Prevention 292
Louise L. Southwood
Quizzes for each chapter, additional clinical scenarios, and video demonstrations of surgical procedures
are available online at www.wiley.com/go/southwood.
Contributors
Helen W. Aceto, PhD, VMD Eileen S. Hackett, DVM, PhD, DACVS, DACVECC
Assistant Professor of Veterinary Epidemiology Assistant Professor, Equine Surgery and
Director of Biosecurity Critical Care
Department of Clinical Studies Department of Clinical Sciences
New Bolton Center Colorado State University
University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
Medicine
Samantha K. Hart, BVMS, MS, DACVS,
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
DACVECC
Jennifer A. Brown, DVM, DACVS Lecturer, Large Animal Emergency
Surgeon and Critical Care
Veterinary Relief, Surgical, and Consulting Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton
Services Center
Tampa, Florida, USA University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary
Medicine
Sarah Dukti, DVM, DACVS, DACVECC Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
Surgeon and Emergency/Critical Care Clinician
Diana M. Hassel, DVM, PhD, DACVS,
Piedmont Equine Practice
DACVECC
The Plains, Virginia, USA
Associate Professor, Equine Surgery and Critical
Kira L. Epstein, DVM, DACVS, DACVECC Care
Associate Professor Department of Clinical Sciences
Department of Large Animal Medicine Colorado State University
College of Veterinary Medicine Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
University of Georgia
Sarah M. Puchalski, DVM, DACVR
Athens, Georgia, USA
Assistant Professor
Joanne Fehr, DVM, MS, DACVS Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences
Equine Emergency Clinician School of Veterinary Medicine
Pilchuck Animal Hospital University of California, Davis
Snohomish, Washington, USA Davis, California, USA
ix
x Contributors
Sarah L. Ralston, VMD, PhD, DACVN Louise L. Southwood, BVSc, PhD, DACVS,
Associate Professor DACVECC
Department of Animal Science Associate Professor, Large Animal Emergency and
School of Environmental and Biological Critical Care
Sciences Department of Clinical Studies
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Bolton Center
New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary
Medicine
Luiz C. Santos, DVM, MS, DACVA
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
Research Associate, Large Animal Anesthesia
Department of Clinical Studies Brett S. Tennent-Brown, BVSc, MS, DACVIM,
New Bolton Center DACVECC
University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Senior Lecturer in Equine Medicine
Medicine Equine Center
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA University of Melbourne Veterinary Hospital
Werribee, Victoria, Australia
JoAnn Slack, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Assistant Professor, Large Animal Cardiology and Raquel M. Walton, VMD, PhD, DACVP
Ultrasound Assistant Professor, Clinical Pathology
Department of Clinical Studies Director Clinical Laboratory, MJR-VHUP
New Bolton Center Department of Pathobiology
University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary
Medicine Medicine
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Preface
Practical Guide to Equine Colic follows the management the chapters and reviewing the chapters written by
of a colic patient from obtaining the history and the other authors. While not specifically written for
performing a physical examination through to horse owners, the information provided particularly
long-term recovery and an attempt at describing on specific diseases and colic surgery may be of
prevention. There are several books available with interest to the inquisitive and educated lay-person.
details of the gastrointestinal anatomy and physi A team-approach was essential for successful
ology and the objective of this book was not to completion of this project. When asked by Wiley-
duplicate these publications but to present the prac Blackwell to write a small 200-page book about
tical aspect of this information. Our focus as equine equine colic, it seemed like a reasonable endeavor.
veterinarians should be to provide the best possible Thinking I knew something about colic but probably
care for our patients and service to our clients by not enough to cover 200 pages (even with large print
having up to date knowledge to enable us to best and a lot of pictures), I sought out several colleagues
diagnose, treat, and prevent disease. We also have with expertise in specific areas. I am extremely
the responsibility to educate the next generation of grateful for the contributing efforts of the chapter
veterinarians, teach each other by sharing our experi authors and the book would not have been feasible
ence, and to continue to investigate disease processes without these exceptional veterinarians. Dr. Joanne
in order to improve management and prevention. Fehr, a fellow surgical resident and friend, provided
Fiscal responsibility has become increasingly impor illustrations which give considerable educational
tant in recent years. We now more than ever need to value to the material. In all honesty, the chapters
weigh the benefit against the expense of a particular would still be in draft form buried somewhere on
diagnostic test or treatment and keep costs in a range my desk if it wasn’t for Ms. Susan Engelken at
where clients can afford to treat their animal while Wiley-Blackwell being relentless with ensuring
being able to maintain a successful practice. We hope deadlines were met (give or take several months)
that the book and website will be a useful resource and my family for giving me the time to meet those
for education of veterinary students, interns, and res deadlines. And we would like to thank the IT
idents, and provide continuing education for experi support staff at Penn Vet's New Bolton Center, par
enced equine practitioners. We encourage equine ticularly Mr. Tyler Harold, Ms. Linda Lewis, and Mr.
specialists to use the book and website for teaching Ryan Delaney, for their assistance with video pro
and identification of knowledge gaps that should duction. Our hope is that this book, which of course
stimulate research ideas to improve equine colic is well beyond 200 pages, improves the care of colic
patient management. I personally learned a consid patients and the service provided to horse owners
erable amount researching the literature to prepare through education of equine veterinarians.
xi