Practical Gastroenterology and Hepatology PDF
Preview Practical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Practical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: Liver and Biliary Disease Companion website This book has a companion website: practicalgastrohep.com with: (cid:129) Videos demonstrating procedures (cid:129) The videos are all referenced in the text where you see this symbol: Practical Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liver and Biliary Disease EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Nicholas J. Talley, MD, PhD Pro Vice Chancellor and Professor of Medicine Faculty of Health University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Adjunct Professor of Medicine College of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, and Jacksonville, FL, USA; Foreign Adjunct Professor of Gastroenterology Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden; Adjunct Professor University of North Carolina USA EDITORS Keith D. Lindor, MD Dean, Mayo Medical School Professor of Medicine College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Consultant, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Hugo E. Vargas, MD Professor of Medicine and Chair, Division of Hepatology College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Consultant, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition fi rst published 2010, © 2010 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientifi c, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. 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No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. ISBN: 9781405182751 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library and the Library of Congress. Set in 9 on 12 pt Minion by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Printed and bound in Singapore 1 2010 Contents Contributors, vii 8 Endoscopic Techniques in Management of the Liver and Biliary Tree: Endoscopic Preface, xi Ultrasonography, 71 Foreword, xii Ferga C. Gleeson and Elizabeth Rajan 9 Liver Biopsy and Paracentesis, 80 John J. Poterucha and Timothy J. Gunneson Part 1 Pathobiolog y of the Liver and Biliary Tract 1 The Liver and Biliary Apparatus: Basic Structural Part 3 Problem-based Approach to Liver Anatomy and Variations, 3 Disease Nirusha Lachman and Wojciech Pawlina 10 Jaundice and Pruritus: A Diagnostic 2 Immunology of the Liver and Mechanisms of Approach, 89 Infl ammation, 17 Andrea A. Gossard and Keith D. Lindor Konstantinos N. Lazaridis 11 Liver Mass Found on Abdominal Imaging, 95 Thomas J. Byrne 12 Right Upper Quadrant Abdominal Pain, 105 Part 2 Diagnostic Approaches in Liver Feng Li and Cuong C. Nguyen Disease 13 Acute Liver Failure, 113 3 Approach to History Taking and Physical J. Eileen Hay Examination in Liver and Biliary Disease, 25 David D. Douglas 4 Assessment of Abnormal Liver Injury Tests, 32 Part 4 Problems Related to Chronic Liver Mashal Jatoi Batheja and Hugo E. Vargas Disease 5 Imaging of the Liver and Biliary Tree, 38 14 Portal Hypertension, 127 Alvin C. Silva Nayantara Coelho-Prabhu and Patrick S. Kamath 6 Endoscopic Techniques in Management of the 15 Hepatocellular Carcinoma, 144 Liver and Biliary Tree: Upper Gastrointestinal Lewis R. Roberts Endoscopy, 55 Hugo E. Vargas 16 Pregnancy and Liver Disease, 152 Elizabeth J. Carey and J. Eileen Hay 7 Endoscopic Techniques in Management of the Liver and Biliary Tree: Endoscopic Retrograde 17 Biliary Atresia and Cystic Fibrosis: Cholangiopancreatography and Biliary Transitioning Care from Pediatrics to Manometry, 61 Internal Medicine, 164 Todd H. Baron Veena Venkat and Benjamin L. Shneider v vi Contents Part 5 Diseases of the Liver 30 What Hepatologists Should Know About Liver Transplant Surgery, 305 18 Acute Viral Hepatitis: Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, and Kristin L. Mekeel and David C. Mulligan Other Viruses, 175 31 Immunosuppression in Liver Transplantation, 317 Juan F. Gallegos-Orozco and Jorge Rakela David J. Post and David D. Douglas 19 Hepatitis B and C, 186 32 Liver Transplantation: Early and Long Term W. Ray Kim and John J. Poterucha Management and Complications, 327 20 Bacterial and Other Non-viral Infections of the Chakri Panjala and Denise M. Harnois Liver, 200 Maria Teresa A. Seville, Ann McCullough, and Part 7 Problem-based Approach to Biliary Tract Shimon Kusne and Gall-bladder Disease 21 Metabolic Liver Diseases, 216 John B. Gross 33 Gall Stones, Gall-bladder Polyps and Their Complications: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, 22 Hepatic Steatosis and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Diagnosis, and Management, 349 Disease, 224 Ethan D. Miller and M. Edwyn Harrison Paul Angulo 34 Functional Gall-bladder and Sphincter of Oddi 23 Drug-induced Liver Injury, 235 Disorders, 365 Einar S. Björnsson and Naga Chalasani Bret T. Petersen 24 Alcoholic Liver Disease, 243 35 Cancer of the Gall Bladder and Biliary Tree, 374 Helga Paula and Vijay Shah David J. Rea, David M. Nagorney, and 25 Autoimmune Liver Diseases, 250 Charles B. Rosen Jayant A. Talwalkar and Keith D. Lindor 36 Biliary Strictures and Leaks, 383 26 Vascular Diseases of the Liver, 261 Erin W. Thackeray and William Sanchez Bashar A. Aqel 27 Hepatic Complications of Bone Marrow Index, 393 Transplantation, 275 Kelly K. Curtis, James L. Slack, and Hugo E. Vargas 28 Hepatic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases, 288 Stephen Crane Hauser Part 6 Liver Transplantation 29 Indications and Selection of Patients for Liver A companion website for this book is available at: Transplantation, 299 practicalgastrohep.com Saleh Alqahtani and Kymberly D.S. Watt Contributors Saleh Alqahtani, MD Elizabeth J. Carey, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Um Alqura University Mayo Clinic Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Scottsdale, AZ, USA Paul Angulo, MD Naga Chalasani, MD Professor of Medicine Professor and Director Section Chief of Hepatology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Kentucky Medical Center Indiana University School of Medicine Lexington, KY, USA Indianapolis, IN, USA Bashar A. Aqel, MD Nayantara Coelho- Prabhu, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Fellow in Gastroenterology Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA Rochester, MN, USA Todd H. Baron, MD Kelly K. Curtis, MD Professor of Medicine Fellow in Hematology/Oncology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of Hematology/Oncology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA Mashal Jatoi Batheja, MD David D. Douglas, MD Fellow in Gastroenterology Associate Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA Einar S. Bjö rnsson, MD, PhD Juan F. Gallegos- Orozco, MD Professor of Medicine Fellow in Gastroenterology Head of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology L andspitali University Hospital Mayo Clinic Reykjavik, Iceland Scottsdale, AZ, USA Thomas J. Byrne, MD Ferga C. Gleeson, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor of Medicine Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA Rochester, MN, USA vii viii Contributors Andrea A. Gossard, MS, CNP Shimon Kusne, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chair, Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA John B. Gross, MD Nirusha Lachman, PhD Associate Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Anatomy Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Rochester, MN, USA Timothy J. Gunneson, PA - C Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, MD Instructor in Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine William J. von Liebig Transplant Center Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Rochester, MN, USA Denise M. Harnois, DO Feng Li, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Fellow in Gastroenterology Department of Transplant Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic University of Maryland Medical Center Jacksonville, FL, USA Baltimore, MD, USA M. Edwyn Harrison, MD Ann McCullough, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic M ayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA Stephen Crane Hauser, MD Kristin L. Mekeel, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor of Surgery Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of Transplant, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA J. Eileen Hay, MD Ethan D. Miller, MD Professor of Medicine Fellow in Gastroenterology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA Patrick S. Kamath, MD David C. Mulligan, MD Professor of Medicine Professor of Surgery and Chair Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of Transplant, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA W. Ray Kim, MD David M. Nagorney, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Professor of Surgery Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery Mayo Clinic Department of Surgery Rochester, MN, USA Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
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