Practical Chess Defence

296 Pages·2006·7 MB·English

by  Jacob Aagaard

Chesiss d evelopfiansgt neorw
thane verb eforienh istoTryh.e
appearanocfec omputeirnst he
"chesgsy m"h asn oto nly
affectoepde nintgh eoryb,u t
hasa lscoh angetdh ew ay
playetrhsi nIkn.t hep asmta ny
positiwoonusl hda veb een
reject..eo dn p rincipalse "
impossitbold ee fenda,n de ven
theb esptl ayewrosu ldsh ya wayf romc apturimnagt eriiafil t
meantt hatth eyw ouldh avet of acea difficduelfte nce.
Thiast tituhdaesc hangeadn dt odayt'osp p layearrse n ot
afraoifdw alkian gv eryf inlei nien d efencIen.t hiboso k
JacoAba gaargdi vepsr actiacdavli coen v ariomuest hodosf
defencaen,d o ffetrhse r eadetrh e chatnoct ee satn dt rain
hisa biliwtiyt 2h00 challengeixnagm ples.
Whilneo tf ort hef aint-heatrhtiebsdoo ,k will
heltph er eadegrr eatilmyp rovient hivsi tal
parotf t heg ame.
JacoAba gaaridso neo ft hem ostp opulcahre ss
writetrosd ayb,u ti sa lsao c ompetitpilvaey er.
Hisb esrte sulstosf ara res cori3n gG Mn orms
in2 004.
ISBN9 1-975244-4-1
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CONTENTS
4
LisotfS ymbols
5
Foreword
6
Bibliography
7
Introduction
1 15
The DefensiThvien kingF rame
2 41
DefensiMveet hods
69
ExerciSseec tion
3 70
WarminUgp !
4 1 79
Level
5 2 91
Level
6 3 111
Level
7 127
SolutitooWn asr minUgp !
1 147
8 SolutitooLn esv el
9 2 177
SolutitooLn se vel
10 3 241
SolutitooLn esv el
295
Indeoxfi llustreaxtaimvpel es
296
IndeoxfEx ercises
Introduction
II,
When Garry Kasparov publisthhefiedr svto lumeW orlWdar RobeFni schwears,a d edicated
ofh isO nM yG reParte deocrsesesr siheess ,a id studeonft R ussiacnh esmsag azineso,ft en
thasti ncwee h adr eachtehdee ndo fc lassicknalo wingt heicro ntebnett ttehra n tthoep
che,st shep re-comppuetreiro hde,h adfo und Russiganr andmasters.
itn aturtaowl r itae h istooryfc lasscihceals s. Butt hibso oki sf ar from beinamgb itious
I
The onlreya ctiosna we xpresosnet dh iwsa s enouhg tot ry top rovean y philosopohri cal
whena famous revsiaeitwdhe arKast p arov's historthiecsaliI sti. sa b ook aiamtthe ods e who
invennt "iaodvanccehde "s (sman assisbtyea d want toi mprovteh eidre fensiavbei litTioe s.
computedri)dn ots eemt ob eve ry successfuld os ow ecan not gearto undth eseb izarrFer itz­
andw oulndo tr eplacclea sscihceaslans y time movesB.u tl etn'ostt alakb oubte autinys;t ead
soonTh.i sm issetdh eg reamtan 'sp oinbty a we shallolo ikts traiignth htee ye:
milaned beyond!
Witht hei ntroducotfiv oarni oufosr mso f Chernikov -Etru.k
1698
computcehre spsr ogramisnc heswse,h avsee en Kharkiv
obvioucsh angienhs o wp eoppllea thye o pening.
Increasinnogvleyl tiinhe is gh-lgeamveeslare
introduicnet dh em iddlegamraet hethran the
opening. Towgietththeh rer eductiinot ni me
contrthoilssi, st ransformcihnegst sh,o uglhe ss
thans omep eoptlhei nk.
More importanthtan thec hangienos p ening
preparatiare onth e changeisn t opp layers'
creatianvidt yt actiacbaill itMioessto. f th is
has beepns ycholoMgoisctao lft. h ep rominent
playecrosn sulcth ess-plparoygirnagm sso,t hye
cannoth elapd apttihnegti hri nkmientgh odass ,
inspibreydt hem achinTheiss.i ss eemna inilny
two ways:
Firs,t ilnyt hea bilittosy p otth es o-called
"Fritz-moThveesse"m .o vewse rsep ottientd h e Whittpoela ayn wdi -nS olutoinon ne xptag e
"classipcearli oadsw" e lblu,t wil l bes om aybe
fivet ot ent imeassfr equenttoldya y. The increatsaecdt iacbaill iitnhy u mansh as
Secon,d tlhyereh as beena philosophincoalto nlcyr eatae ldar genru mbeorf b eautiful
movemeanwta fryo mt hneo tioofng ivetnr uthsb rillianbcuitae lss,ho e lpuesdt os cratph el ess
inc hesess,p ealcliy thien W estw,h erteh eb est than briltl ibarnilliancIithe asp.p enqsu ite
playerhsa valew aysbe ena utodidanadc tnso t oftent haatc ombinatiisdo ins miswsheednth e
pano fa g reattr adiotfii onnh erikntoewdl edgec,o mputpeori notusta d efencoev erloobkyte hde
sucahs c haractertihseSe odvi eCth esSsc hoolp.l ayedrusr itnhgeg ame.Wh at ise vewno rsfoer
Tom ei ti sn ots urpristihnagtt h eo nlWye sterna ttackpilnagye rlsi kmee :p eophlaev set anetdo
playwehro w ont hWeo rlCdh ampionsahftiepr findt hesdee fencoevse trh eb oard!
8
PractCihceaslDs e fence
The an ofd efenicsthe e o nlpyan ofc hesthsat wrotien t hep romotifoorn si tt hathte y,o f
the
hasd evelowpietdthh e sames peeasd o peningc ourshea,dc onsiderreevide wingm aterial
theorThye. c learpersotc lamaotfit ohniw sa s beforep ublishiitbn,ug t h add ecidteodk eep
I
Kramnik's demolitoifoKa ns parovi n theirt hec haromf t heo rigiwnoarlki ntacdto!n 't
2000 I
London matcThhe. firsWto rlCdh ampiong eneratlhliynb ka dlya bouotth ersb,u t do
oft heth irdm illenndieufema tetdhe g reateswto ndewhre thethre goopde opfrolem Sahovski
attackpilnagy eorf a llt imew,i th accuratdei dn otcar e morea boulti mitthinegi ro wn
defence! efforthtans the interoefst thse iaurd ienMcye .
e
One of my more importantp ersonarlo ugehs timaitsthe a th aloff th e puzzls on
realisahtasi boenestn h aitti sm ored ifficutlot theirC D with3 00pu0zz lfreosm Ifonrmant5
91
wina ga me than tod raown eT.o w inagai nst a to werseu itaasb pluez zlQeuist.e a n umber
goodp layyeoru h avteo d os omethinsgp eciawle.r uen suitbaebclaeu thsee d efendisnigd hea d
At timetsh ifasc tro leadtso f ewedre cisivase u rpridseifenngc ceo,n sistoifFn rgi tz-moves,
resulttoths e, crowdd'iss pleasbuurtei ,ta lsoo rj usvte rayc curate defence.
forcegsr andmastteors su rpaesasc oht heirn Soo,n th eo neh and,t hiCsD containesdo me
creataicvhei evemAenndto sv.eal rlth e number beauticfulo mbinatliioknthese Chemikov -
ofd rawtso daiysn oth ightheanr itw astw enty Etruokn efe aturoendt hep reviopuagse ,wh ere
yearasg ow,h enh umansw eers titlhli nkfoirn g Whitwei nwsi th:
themselves. I.ftdSfttx!d!28 J ��a'Ml83 Jk8!!
Chesissc hanginfogr, b etetran d for worse.
Onlyo neth ing can bes aiwdi tha bsolutely
certaincthye:s iss b ecominmgu ch more
competiAtnie vxea.m pilsthe e sensatiitwaso n
whena younBgo bbFyi schbelri tzoeudtt he
corrdercatw imnogv eisna b isheonpd iangga inst
1690.
MarkT aimanoivn B uenoAsi res Today
therea rmean y playewrhsok nown oto nltyh is
theoretiecnadlg ampeo sitibounth, u ndreldisk e
them.
Onep lacweh erceo mputhearvshe a da p ositive
impacitso no neo fm y favouriktien dosfc hess
bookpsu:z zbloeo ks.
A sadm ajoriotfyp uzzbloeo ksst ihlalv thee
1953
oddp ositfrioomnth e Zurich Candidates Thiisd eiasth ec oroeft hep ositasi oan peuz.zl
tournamenast w,e llas similmairs deeWdist.h All thatr emaifonrs th e solviesrt ocal adate
hundredo fth ousandosfn ewg amepsl ayeevde ry correcthtaltyB laccankn otg ivpee rpetual check.
3 @.h.47.. h8=95lhfl.t@ftxfld3 t6.©g5g l
yeairt,i sh artdo s eteh ep oinotfre cyclitnhge
besbto okosfo ur pastB.u ta tl easwrti terhsa ve 7.©hhss6 J �ghhs97t. ftmmmst 10.B:d7t
©hl6. lft'xft'eg661 t.2 gm'lti7xth 17.3ftxg4
thed ecentcocy h ecthke accuorfath cepy r evious
1-0
analyswiisth c omputer prThogramissd. o enso t
necessarlielatydo b ullet-psroolouft ibounts ,
we getm uchc losteort hiusn obtaingaoball eA trulsyt rikaicnhgi evefrmoemnM tr Chemikov.
thanw ew ouldh avdeo new ithoucto mputersB.u t,o n theo thehran d,th erew ere many
This doesd epenodn the autholre'vseo lf mistakeIsti. s d istresthsaitsn ogm ethintgru ly
decenWhcye.n ChessI nrmfoan,ret -releasoneed greaitsfo unds idbey s idwieth somethinasg
ofth eiro ldeprr oducitnsd igitfoarlm ,th ey horraisdt hefo llowiexamng ple:
Introduction 9
AijalaS igurjonsson CheIsnsfo rmwahonh ta,vte h dee centcoay s k
-
Graz 1972 ar athiemrag inaamtoiuvnefot r t hepirro ducts,
bunto tth dee centcouy p datthee m.
Iti si mprotantto r emembwehre:rth ee re
armei stakiencs h e,sth serei sa lsroo ofomr
improveThmiesnb to.o iks l argaebloyuth te
mistakoefso theanrds a,b ouhto wt ol earn
from thBeemca.ue s,iw fe a bsolhuatvetelob y e
honewsewt o,ul dr atlheearfrr onmt hmei stakes
ofo therthsan, c ommmiits takoefos u orw nt o
leafrronm . Sor,e tluterottn h'p esos itwihoenr e
Whiteb lundtheerr eodo k.
Blatcokoh ki s cthoca rnecaaed t oeu bthlree at.
l.�d 5!
..
Evethno ugthhi sd oenso wti nb yfo rciet,
creatpersa ctpircalo blfoertm hsoe p ponaenndt ,
therefodrees eprvreasei .s
2.hh7t
2.cxdlh5b 33 .hc5 (lh3e.3!4d 6.x de7� el
mate3.) .'&. g5!an d Blkaw cinast ruckolfo ad
toys.
2 �h38g. h3??
..•
Nott hgere atmeosvtie nc hehsissr tyWho.i te Whittpoela -yfi ntdh oelyn m ove
had laa posfec oncentanrda toivoenr looked
Blacrke'psl y. White'msai ni deoaf d elivepreirnpge tual
3. �.4f. cheicssko unodn,lth yee xecuwtaisdo unb ious.
Supplwiietadh gene!! rfr ooumRs . M ariien Massilvoeso sfm ateriisial m mineanndt o nly
hiansn otatMiaoynbsie.wt o ulbdep ossitbol er adimcale asuwrielsslu ffice.
talok nesienltafso i negxlcel bamu,tt w oC?o me Iyfo hua evth em insedtfo ri tii,tns o tto hoa rd
onWh.i teh ajssu tb lundmeorreoedrl eesvse ryt os ethea ti nstoefia nds tanttrlanys fetrhrei ng
piehceeh ad oinnem ovean,d Blachkast he rootkot hhe- fiWhliet,e c anc hangteh meo ve
decetnocya ccehpikitsn do ffeLert.' bsecare ful ordbeybr r ingthiebn igs hboapct koo noef fo ur
notto o verestthiema actheei meevnt. squaBreuswt.h icohfth esweo uldb eb esLett?' s
Whitree signed. investtihgeamt beoy on nee :
0-1 3i.d3i?as b amdi st3ake. .b. 3.t iwsi nning
immedeilayt.
Don omti sundemres.t anThdo aubagdhb lunder3,. icd2o?e nso t wboercaku soefB lack's
iites a styofo rgiMvarei ane analyticmali stakes.t andard waitntneim3n.p gg.t 6,.w, h eWnh ite
Anyonoel edn outgohh a vaneal ysewdi thao utn ol ongseurp pohrtcs5w itthh reo ok.
computer-prsoafvenitedywte o du ldw knhoow Tod ecide b3e.twilebo er3n . iei4sm oer
easmiilsyt akceresie nThp.i ss ympath,hy owevecro,m pliWhcaattew de.n eetdod oi tsog ot hrough
doenso te xtetnodt hper esenetd-idstaa oytr afo rcesde queonfmc oev ess ewteho i cibhse t.t er
10
PractCihcealsD se fence
Thisi rse ferrteoasd t hmee thoodfe limionna.t i
Afte3r. g.6.4 .cx:d5lh b35 h.c5� g56 .gfflw e
reacthh foel lowpinogs ition:
The first oiptst higeore ne diest.
6.J .1x:b 2!?
a)
Evetnh outghhe irsne o m atoen g2 anymore,
Iyfo u miattdot e h pioss itfrioomt nh per evioiumtsak ess enfosreB latcoki nvestithgaet eca pture
diagriamts,h ounlodht a vbee etno doi fficutlot o fap awnE.s pellcyis aienWhi cte cann otca pture
f8
deciodne3 �.e4a,s a fte3r�. blB?l acwko uldo n becauosfet hceh eocnke 3. Smtilyl an,alys is
nowh av6e. l.h.b 2w,in nina gv itteamlpb oyt he suggetshtaWhsti tecan keetph bealan ce.
7.dx@e6g!8!
threoafmt a teS.ot hmea ilni ngeo es:
3•.i eg64!! 7. �.x.e 5s .gfelwil! l makei tun pleasan t to
The onlwya yt op lafoyr a w in.3. f5.?.?4 .xef6! suggemosvte fosr B lacskoI, wil l refrain from
woulgdi vWhei teaw inniantgt aqcuke,eo nrn ot.d oing so.
8.b c.6 flYxe5!
NowWh iteh ast ol egto o fh isst ronpgieescte .
4.a:d5 Agaitnh oen lmyo veA.ft e7r.dx e6!i t Bilsac k
No alternatniove exsc,l amatmiarokns! I ti s whoi s" makintgh der aw".
9.7� ec18.0� dfl
wortmhen tionsionmgoe f t he obbveinoeufist s
thatth ie ncluosfit ohne whdoanlceew itthh e
cheocknh 7b eforeg iviunptg h qeu eehnasg iven
f8-
White.F itrlstyh,e knioln ogn ger dtehfeen ds
rooSk.e cdloyn,t hbel akcikn gp'oss itimoonre is
fragile thanp revioulsyTh.e sem inor differences
changteh evaleu ationo ft hpeo sition.
4. Jhb.3 5.hc'f5f 6g5J fl�l!
Timteo c hooasgaien , tthiimfoser B lacThk.i s
hasl ittlteo widtoh t hCe heIsnrmsfoa nCtD, b ut
thpeo sitiitosdnee lfs ervaettse ntiIoitnd s.i fficult
forWh itet oc ontinue keheippsio nsgi tion alive
6
afteBrl actkh'rsme aei onp tionas),. lh.b.2 ,b )
6 6
..ge.3an d c). J.3 bbD8i.ffi cuyletpt,o sslieb.
Ify oufe els oi nlcinetdh,ii ssp robaabg loyo d
timteofi ndo uwth ayto uw oulddoa gainstth ese
Blactkpo la -yw haittsh oelyn m ove?
threteir als.
Introduction 11
Thinglso ogkr ifomrB laWcikl.Whl i teq ueenh apptiakleyo nffi andc 6t,h etnr untdolt eh e
hies- wpnaa nbde m ucbhe ttWeelrlh?,e w ouldfi nishw ilthihni pesa sspeadw nTh.e s oluitsi on
iBfl adciknd o pto ssaes susr prdiesfeinnFcgoe r. tod istBrlaacsctok chaen naottt atchkmea in
instaBnlcaceca,kn npolta1 y0. Wi .g .5b ecaoufs ew eaknienWhs ist ep'oss iiotn.
l .41h Wi!x h14 .2egl w!h eBnl amcikg nhotht o ld7 . .ixffi!
thgea meev,e n pweirtfehpc lta y. Witha s ensatiidoeinanam li ndTh.e main
1.0J .b� l!! altaetriwnvae7s . 4h!w?h,e Brlea hcaktsw om ain
A versyu rprmiosviienyf go duo nt'hti innk replies:
thiwsa yTh.e movie sa r eprteasteionvfte h e 7. Wi.x.e 58h .e3 cx:d95.i .h 6Wi d4t1 .02m
"spaninnte hrwe o rktsh"i nkdiinsgc uosftseend g bs .ilc 2�l b 2.l .i2g 5.I t hitnhkce o ntrol
int hiboso Whke.n weh avsee en thiet mioosvv eetr h dea rskq uaarnedts h peo tentthiraela ts
ledsisffi ctuocl atl cutlhvaeat rei ous linteost ;hb elfi ankicdnkig ns gh ouglidvWh ei ter easonable
thmeo viest hhea rbdi sto,m ethtihanctga b ne chances.
learannewddi ,lm lak ea l ootfd ieffrenicnte h e 7. Wi.x.h 4i!ss impAftleerr8 ..i .f3 Wig5B lack
tournatmaebnlte . harse inshtiatsth erde iantcsl,u 9d. i.ihan..g
1.1dgs@tg 17. 2glxl!t bxc15.3t@ h'i'xc6l Afters omethliink9gge.c ldg c81 .0xdc�6e 5
Thee ndgaimsder awinna n umboefwr a ys. Blaicbsk e tter,Wh ittheco aucngr he aal toeot f
practicalfo rph riomb.l ems
Hardalr yo ugohr defoalrWh iteAft.e rfi ndin7g. �.e.48 .t h.!6 !
3.i .e, 4fi nditnhgre e mainmionvgew sa sn ot
todoe mandThiinsig ns.o tth cea se Balftaecrk' s
nexttrw yh,e Whriet efo rcaed sr aw twhibete hs t
movebsu,ot n ljysu t.
b)6. J.e� 3!?
Instoefta akdi ntgh pea wBnl aicsck r eating
threWhaittsei. is n ad ifficsuilttu aatniodon nl y
accurpaltaweyi lmlake a d raw.
The poinWhti.t ew inas t emptoo c reate
countewripttlhha cey- paAftwenr.8 .xdc6g?e 2
Whitec anndoetfe nd.
8. l!t.x.h 6!
Blahcakns o r eaclh oiThcee fo.l lowliinnge s
illushtiprsra otbel ems:
8. Wf.xf.e 59 .xdc6Wf cf71 0..i d2!g e2ll .i.a5
Wixa51 .27ca nWhdi tew ins.
Whittpoela y 8. \!t.g.4An attemtpost t afoyc usoendg 2,
whicfaihl sb adl9yh..3 Wi g31 .0cg3Wf xfe5
The maipnr oblfoerWhm i tei sB lactk'hsr ealtl sd. xc6c 7Wf1 f.2 lhfl! Wixf7 13c.?a ndo nce
agaign2sI.tf i tw asnfo'rtt heWhsiet,e c oulda gaWhiint ew ins.
12 PractCihceasDlse fence
9.xdcti'6e3 t1 .0@hg4lf1 ,1gdfl! 8.7g ef9e•.lxc6 8 !he7l •.h0 e 7ti' xe17.1 g2c
A boifta ccuriasnc eye deWhdi.t ec oulhda ve
blundewrietdh1 1.gfelw?h?e n Blwaicnks
insttlawyni t1h1. .gc4.! .
11g.gls eemtso pboses ibblueot,n liyaf ft er
11. .gh.4 Wh!i ter eplwiiets1h 2 g.gdl�!x e5
13.h�3c 71 4g.d7� c81 5.?c,w henWh itei s
stimlalk intghd er aw.
l..lg .h 4
Blachkas t ot hianbko umta kinhga lafp oint
her1el ...� . e 21 2.cg?c 4i sm aybael saod raw,
bunto tc onvincyi.n gl
12c7.!h h.2t!
With perpetcuhaelcWh ki.t ec anngoetht is
kinagw ayfr omt hec hecwkist holuots itnhge
c-pawmna,k iangv oidtihncegh ecpkosi ntless.
howt o
Blachkas thaed vantageb,u t exploit
Blaccka ni mprohviesp lasyu basnttialblyy itP?r esumahbenl eye dtsoex change a rookt o
but e
protechtiipsni ge ces: bea blteob ultlhywe h itpei eces, th n White
c)6 ,b.b,8g! wilmla ybbee a blteob uilda fo rtress.
Whitec ana lstor y:
7.dxc6
Whitei sh apptyos tiwcikt hish bishopands
this
staayc tiThvee .l imitaotfi onap proach is
thaBtl accka ns acriafinexc changee .
7., g.f 8c8.b4
Instoefta ryid ngt om akeWh itefr'asg ihloeu se
ofcar ds collapse,p rBelpaarctekosb locakn d
elimitnhapetas es epda wnsWh.i ted oenso hta ve
timteota keo nb otfSh an d c6,t hseo crliitniec al
looskos methliinketg h is:
7.dti'xxee56
Blaccank alstor foyr a na davntagwei t7h. ..
8. !.h.b 4!
fxe68 .i.xf'S �e3t9 .h'it>l� xe41 0.gce�la 4
11..i a3.H ed oenso hta vaem ateraidaavln tage, White'msa int rumparse the passde pawn
butth bei shiomspi splaocna3e ,ds oh es tihllas andt hea giloiftth ye bisphsoB.l acrke turns
some wincnhianngc es. someo fh ism atersiuaple riorarthietytr h an