Practical C# Charts and Graphics: Advanced Chart and Graphics Programming for Real-World .NET Applications

570 Pages·2007·3.709 MB·English

by  Jack Xu

C# Application
UniCAD
C#

Practical
Charts and Graphics
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Advanced Chart and Graphics
Programming
for Real-World .NET Applications
Jack Xu,
Practical C#
Charts and Graphics

Advanced Chart and Graphics Programming
for Real-World .NET Applications

3

Practical C#
Charts and Graphics

Advanced Chart and Graphics Programming
for Real-World .NET Applications

Jack Xu, Ph.D

UniCAD Publishing
Practical C# Charts and Graphics
Copyright © 2007 by Jack Xu, Ph.D
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

Editor: Anna Y. Hsu

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book and corresponding example source code
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of
the publisher.

The author and publisher have made every effort in the preparation of this book to ensure the
accuracy of the information, however this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied.
No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out
of the use of the information or programs contained in the book.

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Published by UniCAD Publishing.
Phoenix, USA
ISBN 978-0-9793725-0-6

Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Xu, Jack.
Practical C# Charts and Graphics – Advanced Chart and Graphics Programming for Real-
World .NET Applications / Jack Xu.
– 1st ed.
p.cm.
ISBN 978-0-9793725-0-6

1. C# programming. 2. Charts and Graphics. 3. .NET Application
I. Title. II. Title III Title: Practical C# Charts and Graphics
Contents

Introduction.........................................................................xi

Overview.....................................................................................................xi
What this Book includes..........................................................................xiii
Is This Book for You?.............................................................................xiii
What Do You Need to Use This Book?....................................................xiv
How This Book Is Organized...................................................................xiv
What Is Left Out.......................................................................................xvi
Conventions..............................................................................................xvi
Using Code Examples...............................................................................xvi
Customer Support.....................................................................................xvi
1 C# Graphics Basics...........................................................1

Coordinate Systems.....................................................................................1
Default Coordinates...........................................................................1
Custom Coordinates...........................................................................6
Window and Viewport.......................................................................9
Pen and Brush............................................................................................15
Pen Class..........................................................................................16
Brush Class.......................................................................................16
Basic Graphics Shapes...............................................................................17
Points................................................................................................17
Lines and Curves..............................................................................18
Rectangles, Ellipses, and Arcs.........................................................20
Polygons...........................................................................................22
Color..........................................................................................................26
System Colors..................................................................................27
Custom Color Map...........................................................................30
iii
iv Contents

Color Shading...................................................................................37
2 2D Matrices and Transformations................................45

Basics of Matrices and Transformations...................................................45
Scaling..............................................................................................46
Reflection.........................................................................................47
Rotation............................................................................................47
Translation........................................................................................48
Homogeneous Coordinates........................................................................48
Translation in Homogeneous Coordinates.......................................49
Scaling in Homogeneous Coordinates.............................................49
Rotation in Homogeneous Coordinates...........................................50
Combining Transformations............................................................51
Matrix Class and Transformation in C#....................................................52
Matrix Definition in C#....................................................................52
Matrix Operation in C#....................................................................54
Basic Matrix Transformations in C#................................................56
Object Transformations in C#....................................................................62
Basic Transformations.....................................................................62
Combining Transformation in C#....................................................69
Transformation of Multiple Objects in C#.......................................73
Text Transformation.........................................................................77
Transformations in Graphics Class..................................................79
3 2D Line Charts ...............................................................83

Your First Simple Line Chart....................................................................83
Basic Elements of 2D Line Charts...................................................84
Creating a Simple 2D Line Chart Using C#.....................................85
How It Works...................................................................................86
Changing Chart Position..................................................................87
Creating Line Charts Using ArrayList.......................................................88
Chart Style........................................................................................88
Data Collection.................................................................................91
Data Series.......................................................................................93
Line Style.........................................................................................94
Form1 class......................................................................................95
Testing Project.................................................................................97
Gridlines and Labels..................................................................................98
Modifying Form1 Class...................................................................98
Contents v

Modifying Chart Style....................................................................100
Gridlines and Ticks........................................................................107
Labels and Title..............................................................................108
Testing Project...............................................................................108
Legends....................................................................................................109
Legend Class..................................................................................109
Legend Layout...............................................................................114
Modifying Form1 Class.................................................................115
Testing Project...............................................................................115
Symbols...................................................................................................116
Defining Symbols...........................................................................116
Symbol Style Class........................................................................117
Modifying Form1 Class.................................................................121
Modifying Data Collection............................................................122
Modifying Line Style.....................................................................124
Testing Project...............................................................................125
Line Charts with Two Y Axes.................................................................125
Why Two Y Axes...........................................................................125
Modifying Chart Style....................................................................127
Modifying Form1 Class.................................................................129
Modifying Data Series...................................................................132
Modifying Data Collection............................................................132
Testing Project...............................................................................134
Sub-Charts...............................................................................................135
Layout of Sub-charts......................................................................135
Sub-Chart Class..............................................................................135
Modifying Chart Style....................................................................138
Modifying Form1 Class.................................................................140
Testing Project...............................................................................145
4 Specialized 2D Charts...................................................147

Creating Bar Charts.................................................................................147
Implementation..............................................................................147
Bar Charts.......................................................................................159
Group Bar Charts...........................................................................163
Overlay Bar Charts.........................................................................165
Stacked Bar Charts.........................................................................166
Bar Charts with Color Map............................................................167
Creating Stair Step Charts........................................................................173
vi Contents

Implementation..............................................................................173
Testing Project...............................................................................175
Creating Stem Charts...............................................................................178
Implementation..............................................................................178
Testing Project...............................................................................179
Creating Charts with Error Bars..............................................................180
Implementation..............................................................................180
Testing Project...............................................................................183
Creating Pie Charts..................................................................................184
Implementation..............................................................................185
Testing Project...............................................................................191
Creating Area Charts...............................................................................194
Implementation..............................................................................194
Testing Project...............................................................................196
Creating Polar Charts...............................................................................198
Implementation..............................................................................199
Testing Project...............................................................................205
Creating Stock Charts..............................................................................208
Implementation..............................................................................208
Hi-Lo Chart....................................................................................214
Hi-Lo-Open-Close Chart................................................................216
Candlestick Chart...........................................................................216
5 3D Matrices and Transformations..............................219

Basics of Matrices and Transformations in 3D.......................................220
3D Point and Matrix Operation in C#............................................220
Scaling............................................................................................223
Reflection.......................................................................................225
Translation......................................................................................226
Rotation..........................................................................................227
Projections...............................................................................................229
Parallel Projections.........................................................................230
Perspective Projections..................................................................252
Special Coordinate Systems in 3D...........................................................260
Cylindrical Coordinates.................................................................260
Spherical Coordinates....................................................................264
Euler Angles...................................................................................268
Azimuth and Elevation View.........................................................270
Contents vii

6 3D Charts.......................................................................279

3D Chart Basics.......................................................................................280
Point3 and Matrix3 Classes............................................................280
Chart Style in 3D............................................................................282
Coordinate Axes.............................................................................286
Gridlines.........................................................................................291
Labels.............................................................................................294
Testing Project...............................................................................300
3D Line Charts.........................................................................................303
Implementation..............................................................................303
Testing Project...............................................................................305
3D Chart Package....................................................................................308
Chart Style......................................................................................308
Point4 Class....................................................................................313
Data Series.....................................................................................314
Chart Functions..............................................................................317
DrawChart Class............................................................................321
Surface Charts..........................................................................................327
Mesh Charts...................................................................................329
Curtain Charts................................................................................334
Water Fall Charts...........................................................................337
Surface Charts................................................................................339
Color Charts on X-Y Plane............................................................345
Contour Charts.........................................................................................348
Algorithm.......................................................................................348
Implementation..............................................................................349
Testing Contour Charts..................................................................353
Filled Contour Charts.....................................................................356
Combination Charts.................................................................................356
X-Y Charts in 3D...........................................................................357
Contour Charts in 3D.....................................................................358
Mesh-Contour Charts.....................................................................362
Surface-Contour Charts..................................................................363
Surface-Filled-Contour Charts.......................................................363
3D Bar Charts..........................................................................................364
Implementation..............................................................................365
Testing 3D Bar Charts....................................................................371
Slice Charts..............................................................................................373
Implementation..............................................................................373