Practical Applications Circuits Handbook PDF
Preview Practical Applications Circuits Handbook
Practical Applications Circuits Handbook Anne Fischer Lent Peterborough, New Hampshire Stan Miastkowski Peterborough, New Hampshire ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers San Diego New York Berkeley Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto Copyright © 1989 by Academic Press, Inc. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Academic Press, Inc. San Diego, California 92101 United Kingdom Edition published by Academic Press Limited 24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lent, Anne Fischer. Practical applications circuits handbook / Anne Fischer Lent and Stan Miastkowski. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-12-443775-3 (alk. paper) 1. Electronic circuits—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Miastkowski, Stan. II. Title. TK7867.L47 1989 621.381 '32-dc20 89-32344 CIP Printed in the United States of America 89 90 91 92 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is dedicated to Greg, Steven, Dexter, Kathe, and Pepper, who endured numerous solitary evenings and weekends in the name of electronic literacy. Preface Whether you're a professional engineer, a stu- You'll undoubtedly notice that there's a large dent, or a hobbyist, you've undoubtedly found difference in the design of the schematics in this that getting practical information on the types of book. That's because we've reproduced the cir- circuits you need to use in common day-to-day cuit diagrams from their original source, making applications is difficult. Textbooks and technical sure that nothing has been lost in the translation. books tend toward the theoretical rather than the Where possible, we've also included the original practical. Component manufacturers do provide manufacturer parts list and the significant design a wide range of practical applications data, but equations that will help you understand how the there are scores of manufacturers and literally thou- circuit works or allow you to modify the circuit sands of different application notes, data books, to your particular needs should you wish to do so. and reference guides. The time required to gather Each circuit includes a brief description of its all this material (not to mention the money you'd overall design, and (where necessary) back- spend) makes gathering extensive applications ground information on concepts and compo- data impractical for most people. In addition, nents. But make no mistake, this is no theoretical you'd need an extra office just to store it all. tome that's destined to gather dust on the shelf. In this book, we've done the leg work for you. As this book's title implies, this is a practical guide The Practical Applications Circuits Handbook con- to application circuits. It's designed to allow you tains some 350 circuit designs and applications to quickly find a solution to a particular design culled from manufacturer data. The purpose is to problem. If you want or need more-detailed data, avoid having to "reinvent the wheel" when de- there are plenty of books available that delve signing an application. You can use most of the deeply into circuit theory. circuits as they are, since they've ostensibly been We've also included with each circuit a citation tested by the manufacturers to make the best use of its original source. Because of space limita- of their particular components. You can also use tions, detailed design information for some of the the circuits as a jumping-off point for additional circuits had to be omitted. To obtain these data design since many can be modified by changing a (or if you just want to learn more about a partic- few components or component values. ular application), consult the original source. The circuits in this book are largely taken from You'll find the addresses of the sources given in the most up-to-date manufacturer literature the Acknowledgments section (p. xxi). In many available. There are many examples using com- cases, manufacturers will be more than happy to ponents that are at the cutting edge of chip de- send you a reasonable number of their applica- sign. But we've also included some of the "oldies tion notes or data books free of charge, especially but goodies," time-proven circuit designs that if they're requested on company letterhead. are still the best practical examples in this age of Some manufacturers charge for design data, and high-tech. Also, don't be surprised to see some others offer a subscription service that will ensure repetition in circuit types. In many cases, differ- you always receive the latest detailed design data. ent manufacturers suggest different designs for cir- We hope that you'll find this book useful. It cuits that are intended to perform the same func- should save you hours or even days of searching tion. Comparing these designs can be a valuable when you need to find a circuit for your specific lesson in varying approaches to circuit design. application. Anne Fischer Lent Stan Miastkowski xix Acknowledgments The publication of this book was made possible because of the cooperation of the following companies. If you wish to obtain the original sources for the circuits shown in this book, you should contact them directly. The authors express their gratitude to the following: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., 901 Thompson Motorola Semiconductor Products, Inc., P.O. Place, P.O. Box 3453, Sunnyvale, California Box 20912, Phoenix, Arizona 85036 94088 NEC Electronics, 401 Ellis Street, P.O. Box Analog Devices, Inc., Two Technology Way, 7241, Mountain View, California 94039 Norwood, Massachusetts 02062 RCA Solid State Division, P.O. Box 3200, Burr-Brown Corporation, International Airport Somerville, New Jersey 08876 Industrial Park, P.O. Box 11400, Tucson, Signetics Corporation, 811 E. Arques Ave., P.O. Arizona 85734 Box 3409, Sunnyvale, California 94088-3409 EXAR Corporation, 2222 Qume Drive, San Jose, California 95131 Linear Technology Corporation, 1630 McCarthy Boulevard, Milpitas, California 95035 All circuits in this book have been reproduced with the express written permission of each of the companies listed above. Any additional reproduction of any circuit without the express written permission of company involved is prohibited. All the above companies reserve all rights to the circuits in this book. Any inquiries regarding reproduction or other use of the circuits should be addressed directly to the company involved. xxi Abbreviations The following abbreviations are used in the schematics and circuit descriptions that you'll find in this book. In some cases, you'll notice some inconsistencies in the style of the abbreviations. This is because the schematics have been compiled from a variety of different sources. A ampere F/V frequency/vol tage AC alternating current FSK frequency-shift keying AC/DC AC or DC operation GHz gigahertz A/D analog digital H henry AFC automatic frequency control Hz hertz AGC automatic gain control IC integrated circuit AM amplitude modulation IF intermediate frequency ASCII American Standard Code for IMD intermodulation distortion Information Interchange 1/Ο input/output ASK amplitude-shift keying Κ kilohm or kilobyte (1024 bytes) BCD binary-coded decimal kHz kilohertz bps bits per second kw kilowatt C centigrade or capacitor L inductor CCO current-controlled oscillator L-C inductor-capacitor cm centimeter LED light-emitting diode CMOS complementary metal-oxide LSB least significant bit semiconductor LSI large-scale integration CRT cathode ray tube LVDT linear-variable differential CT center-tapped transformer D diode m milli D/A digital-to-analog M megohm or megabyte DAC digital-to-analog converter mA milliampere dB decibel(s) meg megohm or megabyte DC direct current MSB most significant bit D/F digital/frequency MHz megahertz DIFET dielectrically isolated field-effect mL milliliter transistor mm millimeter DIP dual inline package MOS metal-oxide semiconductor DPDT double-pole, double-throw switch ms millisecond DPST double-pole, single-throw switch mW milliwatt DTMF dual-tone multi-frequency ns nanosecond DVM digital voltmeter NTSC national television standards ECL emitter-coupled logic committee EMF electromotive force pF picofarad EMI electromagnetic interference p-p peak to peak EPROM erasable PROM PC printed circuit or personal F farenheit or farad computer FET field-effect transistor pot potentiometer FM frequency modulation PLL phase-locked loop xxiii XXIV ABBREVIATIONS ppm parts per million SPST single-pole, single-throw switch PSK phase-shift encoding Τ transformer PMOS P-channel MOS TMOS enhanced special power FET PROM programmable read-only memory TTL transistor-transistor logic PUT programmable unijunction uA microampere transistor UART universal asynchronous receiver- Q transistor or quality factor transmitter R resistor UHF ultra-high frequency RAM random-access memory UL Underwriter's Laboratories R/C resistor/capacitor uS microsecond rf radio frequency uV microvolt RFI radio frequency interference V volt RGB red-green-blue VAC volts alternating current RIAA Recording Industry Association of VC voltage-controlled America VCA voltage-controlled amplifier RMS root-mean square VCO voltage-controlled oscillator ROM read-only memory VDC volts direct current RPM rotations per minute V/F voltage/frequency RTD resistance temperature detector VHF very-high frequency SCA subsidiary-carrier authorization VU volume unit SAR successive approximation converter W watt SCR silicon-controlled rectifier X times SPAT single-pole, double-throw switch Chapter 1 Audio Amplifiers 310-milliwatt Transformerless Audio Amplifier Basic Class Β Audio Amplifier 3- to 5-watt Audio Amplifiers 12-watt Audio Amplifier 15-, 20-, and 25-watt Darlington Amplifiers 20-watt Audio Amplifier 7- to 3 5-watt Amplifiers High Power Audio Amplifier 100-watt Audio Amplifier Gain-Controlled Stereo Amplifier Ceramic Pickup Amplifier 2 1. AUDIO AMPLIFIERS f 1 INPUT 'M I j_ X500K ^ CA3020 \. M «} | + ^^CA3020A^1 φ I 3 , Τ Λ I [ n RCA — 111M 3 -i- γ 130-OHM SPEAKER L OR EQUIV 310-milliwatt Transformerless Audio Amplifier You can use this circuit as a highly efficient class Β audio power output circuit in such applications as communications systems, AM or FM radios, tape recorders, intercoms, or linear mixers. Because it's transformerless, it's particularly useful for portable applications. This amplifier gives 310 mV output for an input of 45mW and has a high impedance of 50,000 ohms. Source: W. M. Austin and Η. M. Kleinman, "Application of the RCA CA3020 and CA3020A Integrated-Circuit Multi-Purpose Wide-Band Power Amplifiers," Application Note ICAN-5766, RCA Solid State. M l. ~~ cc Basic Class Β Audio Amplifier 5 ~ This simple amplifier circuit gives you a power t <; \* r—ι output of either 1/2 or 1 watt, depending on I —\\\ f °loadT whether you're using the RCA CA3 020 or j ι—5 CA3020A. It can be used with a wide range of ^ voltages. In this circuit, the emitter-follower stage at the input is used as a buffer amplifier to provide a high input impedance. The extended frequency range of the IC requires the high- frequency AC bypass capacitor used at the input. Otherwise, oscillation could occur at the stray resonant frequencies of the external ~ •< ooiyj^ components. Source: W. M. Austin and Η. M. I— 1 Τ 1 1 X Kleinman, "Application of the RCA CA3020 3 vF ~ and CA3 02 OA Integra ted-Circuit Multi- * Better Coil and Transformer DF108A, Purpose Wide-Band Power Amplifiers," ThordarsonTR-192, or equ.valent. Application Note ICAN-5766, RCA Solid State. r r • see text and tables. 1. AUDIO AMPLIFIERS 3 TABLE 1a-Amplifier Performance Characteristics 3 W 5 W Reference Figure 1 18 Vdc 22 Vdc 1. Idle Current (normal no signal) 20 mA 50 mA 2. Current Drain at Rated Power 275 mA 360 mA 3. Typical Input Impedance 280 kohms 280 kohms 4. TH D at Rated Output Power 20 Hz or kHz to < 1% < 1% 20 kHz 5. IM Distortion at 60 and 7000 Hz 4:1 ratio at < 1% < 1% Rated Power 6. -3 dB Bandwidth 20 Hz-290 kHz 20 Hz-325 kHz 7. Typical input sensitivity for rated output 0.250 VRMS 0.250 VRMS power 8. Maximum output power at 5% TH D without 4.2 Watts 7.03 Watts current limiting 9. Maximum output power at 5% THD with 4.06 Watts 6.66 Watts current limiting 10. Power Supply Ripple Rejection 34 dB 32 dB 11. Short Circuit Power Supply Current with 750 mA 1 A Current Limiting 3- to 5-watt Audio Amplifiers These two circuits show a general design for constructing 3- to 5-watt audio amplifiers using standard plastic-encapsulated transistors. The first design uses PNP transistors, the second NPN. These designs are only starting points, and no particular effort has been made to optimize the circuit performance. Source: "Basic Design of Medium Power Audio Amplifiers," Motorola Semiconductor Products, Application Note AN-484A, Motorola, Inc.
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