Power generation through MSW at Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh PDF
Preview Power generation through MSW at Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 28 July 2006 CONTENTS A. General description of project activity B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology C. Duration of the project activity / crediting period D. Environmental impacts E. Stakeholders‟ comments Annexes Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the project activity Annex 2: Information regarding public funding Annex 3: Baseline information Annex 4: Monitoring plan PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 2 SECTION A. General description of project activity A.1. Title of the project activity: >> Title : Power generation through MSW at Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh Version: 04 Date : 12/12/2011 A.2. Description of the project activity: >> Purpose of the Project Activity Shalivahana (MSW) Green Energy Ltd. [S(MSW)GEL] intends to establish a 12 MW Power Plant at Rebladevpally Village near Sultanabad in Karimnagar District, based on Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) generated by processing of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated from various Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in Andhra Pradesh with processing plants located in Karimnagar and Nizamabad Districts of Andhra Pradesh. The MSW would be sourced from districts of Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Adilabad, Medak. The main objective of the project is to utilize the potential energy sourced from RDF generation by processing MSW. To achieve the purpose, the project activity is proposed with a total capacity of 1400 TPD waste processing facilities located at three places, namely Karimnagar, Ramagundam and Nizamabad and one power generation unit of 12 MW capacity at Rebladevpally village in Karimnagar district. Further details of these facilities are provided below. Project activity may use other supplementary fuel such as surplus biomass available in the region (cotton stalks, Rice husk, Juliflora and Maize cobs) and coal, in emergency and unavoidable situation. However, the same would be as per the guidelines and within the specified limits of MSW based power generation projects (15% coal or 25% biomass1 or together to a maximum extent of 25%2). Based on the total 1400 TPD processing capacity, the total expected incoming MSW to the project including three processing facilities is 511000 TPA. Based on the characteristics of MSW, the total amount of RDF and compost production is expected to be approximately 163155 tonnes and 60225 tonnes per annum respectively. The project activity involves in two phases. The phase wise implementation of the proposed project activity is given below: Phase I Rated Capacity Phase II Rated Capacity RDF processing 175 TPD RDF & Power plant 12 MW and Compost plant 250 TPD compost at Nizamabad RDF Processing plant at 225 TPD Compost plant at 300 TPD Karimnagar Karimnagar 1 MNRE Guidelines dated 24 April 2007; http://www.mnre.gov.in/energy-uwaste.htm 2 Letter dated 8 November 2010 (Ref: Lr No. 3441/ RES-I/ 2010-3) from Energy Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 3 RDF Processing plant at 225 TPD Compost plant at 300 TPD Ramagundam Ramagundam Processing of RDF involves in stages such as tipping, pre-sorting, manual segregation, magnetic separation, rotary/web screen separation, crushing and shredding, ballistic separation and RDF generation. In composting, the process involves in windrow processing, coarse segregation, waste curing, refinement and packing of compost. The power plant uses RDF in the pusher grate boiler to generate the steam, which will be fed to the matching steam turbine with generator to produce electricity. The electricity generated will be supplied to the grid system. The activities of Phase-I have been partially implemented and the power plant commenced its power generations from April 2010. The organic waste generated at Karimnagar and Ramagundam processing facilities will be disposed in the landfill/disposal facilities till the composting units will be operational. Due to delay in financial closure for the activities covered in Phase-II and these activities are likely to be commissioned in 2012. Scenario Existing Prior to Start of the Implementation of the Project Activity In the pre-project scenario, municipal solid waste is disposed in the existing Solid Waste Disposal Site (SWDS) located in Karimanagr, Ramagundam and Nizamabad. While compaction and levelling3 is carried out to increase the life of SWDS, there are no measures for Landfill Gas capture/ destruction. (See Pictures below) The open disposal of waste causes a number of environmental and health hazards, in addition to unabated release of methane in to the atmosphere, which is one of the prominent green house gas. Thus, the common practice scenario in the absence of the project is disposal of waste without any measures to avoid methane emissions (also the baseline scenario) Fig: Disposal and compaction of municipal solid waste in the baseline scenario Project Scenario 3 Municipal Administration and Urban Development authority letter PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 4 In the project scenario, three processing plants will be set up, at Karimnagar, Ramagundam and Nizamabad for the purpose of RDF generation based on MSW. The RDF generated from these processing units will be transported to the power plant site located at Rebladevpally near Sultanabad. The capacities of processing plants are provided below: Total RDF Composting S.no Processing facility incoming capacity capacity waste (TPD) (TPD) (TPD) 1. Karimnagar 500 225 300 2. Ramagundam 500 225 300 3. Nizamabad 400 175 250 Processing units will be supplied with required MSW from the surrounding ULBs, where it is refined to produce RDF fluff and compost. This RDF fluff will be used as fuel to operate the power plant and compost will be used for soil application as fertilizer. The proposed MSW power plant at Rebladevpally is expected to be in operation throughout the year. The proposed power plant is equipped with boiler of pusher grate technology, which has been used for the first time in MSW fired boiler in India4. The organic matter segregated from these processing units will be composted at respective processing unit sites. The compost thus produced will be sold as soil conditioner to neighbouring farms. Electricity generated by the project activity will be sold to a third party. The project has been taken up by the project proponent to address the critical environmental problem faced in solid waste management by the state of Andhra Pradesh and particularly Karimnagar, Medak, Adilabad and Nizamabad districts. In addition the project activity will also address to some extent the acute energy crisis faced by southern region of India by producing 12 MW of clean electricity that will be supplied to the local region, which is being fed by southern grid. Contribution to reduction in GHG emissions by the Proposed Project Activity The project would achieve significant reduction in Green House Gas emissions due to the following two components: Avoidance of methane emission from disposal of solid waste in the SWDS. Replacement of energy from carbon intensive southern regional grid of India by supply of renewable electricity. Contribution of Project Activity to Sustainable Development: Indian economy is highly dependent on “Coal” as fuel to generate energy and for production processes. Thermal power plants are the major consumers of coal in India and yet the basic electricity needs of a large section of population are not being met. This results in excessive demands for electricity and place immense stress on the environment. Changing coal consumption patterns will require a multi-pronged strategy focusing on demand, reducing wastage of energy and the optimum use of waste to energy, renewable energy sources. 4 Letter from Thermax for using pusher grate technology for the first time in India dated 07 September 2010 PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 5 Government of India has stipulated following indicators for sustainable development in the interim approval guidelines5 for CDM projects. 1. Social well-being 2. Economic well-being 3. Environmental well-being 4. Technological well-being 1. Social well being: The plant site is in rural area where unemployment, poverty and other economic backwardness are prevailing; the project would lead to the development of the region During civil works, a lot of construction work is to be taken place, which will generate employment for local people around the plant site Other than these, there are various kinds of mechanical work, which would generate employment opportunity on regular and permanent basis Day to day operations in collection of MSW and segregation of MSW, create the employment opportunities to the local people/ community. 2. Economic well being: The project activity will generate employment in the local area. It would provide stable and quality power to the nearest substation which will aid in hassle free manufacturing of products. The main resource for power generation is MSW, which is otherwise being disposed without any commercial value. In other words, the plant is generating commercial value to RDF. The above benefits due to project activity ensure that the project would contribute to the social and economic well being in the region. Hence, the project contributes to the economic sustainability around the plant site, which is promotion of decentralization of economic power. 3. Environmental well being: A power plant based on RDF as fuel, does not affect the ecology, provided a few precautions are taken in the design of the plant. Project also reduces pollution since it avoids the methane that would have been generated in solid waste disposal sites due to anaerobic decay of MSW and also displaces the grid electricity which is a fossil fuel dominated grid6. All the necessary measures are planned to be taken in the plant‟s design for minimizing the impact on the ecology of the environment. To limit the SPM emission during RDF firing, Electro static precipitator (ESP) has been placed in design. The proposed project ensures the resource sustainability by avoiding the pressure on over- exploited and precious fossil fuel resources and emerging as alternative and sustainable fuel source for energy purposes. 4. Technological well being: 5 http://www.cdmindia.gov.in/approval_process.php 6 CEA database, Government of India; version 06, March 2011 PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 6 The technology selected for the proposed project is the best available technology in India. The project uses a steam turbo generator with matching boiler of pusher type, which is capable of firing multi fuels. The project activity applied pusher grate technology for the first time in MSW projects in India, which indicates the contribution of the project activity towards technological advancement in the sector. In view of the above, the project participant considers that the project activity profoundly contributes to the sustainable development. A.3. Project participants: >> Name of the Party Private and/or Public entity (ies) Kindly indicate if the party involved ((host) indicates a Project participants involved wishes to be host party) (as applicable) considered as project participant (Yes/No) India (Host) Private entity: No Shalivahana (MSW) Green Energy Ltd. A.4. Technical description of the project activity: A.4.1. Location of the project activity: >> A.4.1.1. Host Party(ies): >> India A.4.1.2. Region/State/Province etc.: >> State: Andhra Pradesh A.4.1.3. City/Town/Community etc.: >> District: Karimnagar and Nizamabad A.4.1.4. Details of physical location, including information allowing the unique identification of this project activity (maximum one page): >> Project Site o Processing plants : 3 units - Karimnagar, Ramagundam and Nizamabad o Power plant : one unit - Rebladevpally District : Karimnagar & Nizamabad State : Andhra Pradesh Geographical Location : Rebladevpally power plant, Karimnagar and Ramagundam processing facilities are located in PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 7 Karimnagar district and Nizamabad processing unit in Nizamabad district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The power plant is located at 154 km from Hyderabad, which is the capital city of Andhra Pradesh. The nearest Railway Station is at Peddapalli at a distance of 10 km and the nearest Airport is at Hyderabad. The other project sites with processing facilities are also well connected by existing road networks and are easily accessible. Site Latitude Longitude Karimnagar processing plant 18o 24.769” N 79o 08. 632”E Ramagundam processing plant 18o 46.000” N 79o 26.029” E Nizamabad processing plant 18o 38.610” N 78o 04.080” E Rebladevpally MSW power plant 18o 32.702” N 79o 21.134” E PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 8 Lo cation of Andhra Pradesh state in India; Location of Adilabad, Nizamabad, Medak and Karimnagar dis tricts inthe state. Ramagundam processing unit Nizamabad processing unit Power Plant Karimnagar processing unit Location of processing units and power plant in Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 9 A.4.2. Category(ies) of project activity: >> The project uses UNFCCC Approved Methodology: AM0025 “Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes” Version: 12. Sectoral scope – 1: „Energy industries (renewable -non-renewable sources) and Sectoral scope – 13: „Waste handling and Disposal‟. A.4.3. Technology to be employed by the project activity: >> The waste treatment process will include all the three treatment technologies; physical segregation, biological treatment and RDF production, subsequently used for energy generation. This kind of waste to energy MSW based treatment facilities are relatively new concept in India7. Most of the previous experiences or implemented projects in India are in a conventional way of treating waste using either RDF generation or power generation or waste composting as separate activities. The proposed activity is an integrated facility which generates RDF, uses RDF for power generation and composting of organic material. The proposed waste treatment project integrates three technologies with the following features: Physical segregation using a combination of Trommel/web screens and Handpicking methods Organic/Compostable waste is separated for Biological Treatment. The organic waste is segregated using mechanical means (like trommel/web screens and set of conveyor systems) and decomposed using Mechanical Composting Means; Windrow Technology The segregated waste with combustible components (like paper, wood, plastics and garden waste) is used for preparation of raw feed to the RDF fired boiler in power plant and simultaneous electricity generation. The MSW & RDF characterization has been carried out on 18 August 2008 and the test results are provided below: 7 Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities – A review http://www.unc.edu/courses/2009spring/envr/890/002/readings/SolidWasteIndiaReview2008.pdf PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03 CDM – Executive Board page 10 RDF Quality MSW collected from different sources has different calorific values. However, after drying and separation of non-combustible fraction, the RDF produced shall have an average Gross Calorific Value of 2000- 2500 kcal / kg. The processing of the MSW at the processing plant will be carried out in such as manner that the physical and chemical properties of the RDF produced would be homogenous and constant over time. Expected RDF characteristics: Test Unit of measurement Result obtained Proximate analysis % by mass Total moisture % by mass 25.44 Ash Content % by mass 20 Ultimate analysis Carbon % by mass 25 Hydrogen % by mass 2.8 Nitrogen % by mass 0.23 Sulphur % by mass 0.53 Oxygen % by mass 21 Chlorine % by mass <0.15 Gross calorific value Kcal/kg 2218 Compost Quality The compost produced will comply with standards of Schedule-IV (MSW Rules 2000), which has been fixed by the competent national authority to ensure avoidance of any possible adverse impacts expected as a result of application of compost and is approved as acceptable practice in India. The plant will take all possible measures to take care of the toxicity problem of the compost being produced after composting. The following specific measures will be taken: Waste segregated from RDF processing facility will be properly checked for plastic or heavy metals before sending it to the compost plant. Removal of plastic, plastic products as well as glass and heavy metals from the waste, if observed. Process flow diagram for the Integrated Waste Management System in S(MSW)GEL is presented below:
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