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E P d o ROUTLEDGE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA AND EASTERN i te w EUROPE SERIES d e b r y a P e n r d -A r L n e e g B i o t d im i n , a S c te y f a – n C H e h d a lu l n le d n a g n d e s E le fr n o a m N a R m u li s s i a Power and Legitimacy – Challenges from Russia Edited by Per-Arne Bodin, Stefan Hedlund and Elena Namli aninformabusiness ISBN 978-0-415-67776-9 ,!7IA4B5-ghhhgj! www.routledge.com – Power and Legitimacy Challenges from Russia This book sheds new light on the continuing debate within political thought as to what constitutes power, and what distinguishes legitimate from illegiti- matepower.ItdoessobyconsideringtheexperienceofRussia,apolitywhere experiences of the legitimacyof power and the collapse of power offer a con- trast to Western experienceson which most politicaltheory,formulated in the West, is based. Thebook considers powerin a range of contexts – philosophy and discourse; the rule of law and its importance for economic development; the use of culture and religion as means to legitimate power; and liberalism and the reasons for its weakness in Russia. The book concludes by arguing that the Russian experience provides a useful lens through which ideas of power and legitimacy can be re-evaluated and re-interpreted, and through which the idea of ‘the West’ as the ideal model can be questioned. Per-Arne Bodin is Professor of Slavic Languages at Stockholm University, Sweden. Stefan Hedlund is Professor of Russian Studies at Uppsala University, Sweden. Elena Namli is Professor of Ethics at Uppsala University, Sweden. Routledge Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe Series 1 Liberal Nationalism in Central 8 The Development of Capitalism Europe in Russia Stefan Auer Simon Clarke 2 Civil–Military Relations in 9 Russian Television Today Primetime drama and comedy Russia and Eastern Europe David MacFadyen David J. Betz 10 The Rebuilding of Greater 3 The Extreme Natinoalist Threat Russia in Russia Putin’s Foreign Policy towards The growing influence ofWestern the CIS countries Rightist ideas Bertil Nygren Thomas Parland 11 A Russian Factory Enters the 4 Economic Development in Market Economy Tatarstan Claudio Morrison Global markets and a Russian region 12 Democracy Building and Leo McCann Civil Society in Post-Soviet Armenia 5 AdaptingtoRussia’sNewLabour Armine Ishkanian Market Gender and employment strategy 13 Nato–Russia Relations in the Edited by Sarah Ashwin Twenty-First Century Aurel Braun 6 Building Democracy and Civil Society East of the Elbe 14 Russian Military Reform Essays in honourof Edmund A failed exercise in defence Mokrzycki decision making Edited by Sven Eliaeson Carolina Vendil Pallin 7 TheTelengitsofSouthernSiberia 15 The Multilateral Dimension in Landscape, religion and Russian Foreign Policy knowledge in motion Edited by Elana Wilson Rowe Agniezka Halemba and Stina Torjesen 16 Russian Nationalism and the 25 The Heritage of Soviet Oriental National Reassertion of Russia Studies Edited by Marlène Laurelle Edited by Michael Kemper and Stephen Conermann 17 The Caucasus An introduction 26 Religion and Language in Frederik Coene Post-Soviet Russia Brian P. Bennett 18 Radical Islam in the Former Soviet Union 27 Jewish Women Writers in the Edited by Galina M. Soviet Union Yemelianova Rina Lapidus 19 Russia’s European Agenda and 28 Chinese Migrants in Russia, the Baltic States Central Asia and Eastern Europe . Janina Šleivyte Edited by Felix B. Chang and Sunnie T. Rucker-Chang 20 Regional Development in Central and Eastern Europe 29 Poland’s EU Accession Developmentprocessesandpolicy Sergiusz Trzeciak challenges Edited by Grzegorz Gorzelak, 30 The Russian Armed Forces John Bachtler and Maciej in Transition Sme˛tkowski Economic, geopolitical and institutional uncertainties 21 Russia and Europe Edited by Roger N. McDermott, Reaching agreements, digging Bertil Nygren and Carolina trenches Vendil Pallin KjellEngelbrektandBertilNgren 22 Russia’s Skinheads 31 The Religious Factor in Russia’s Exploring and rethinking Foreign Policy subcultural lives Alicja Curanovic´ Hilary Pilkington, Elena Omel’chenko and Abel Polese 32 Postcommunist Film – Russia, Eastern Europe and World 23 The Colour Revolutions in the Culture Former Soviet Republics Moving images of Successes and failures postcommunism Edited by Donnacha Ó Beacháin Edited by Lars Lyngsgaard Fjord and Abel Polese Kristensen 24 Russian Mass Media and 33 Russian Multinationals Changing Values From regional supremacy to EditedbyArjaRosenholm,Kaarle global lead NordenstrengandElenaTrubina Andrei Panibratov 34 Russian Anthropology After the 38 EU–Russian Border Security Collapse of Communism Challenges, (mis)perceptions and Edited by Albert Baiburin, responses Catriona Kelly and Nikolai Serghei Golunov Vakhtin 39 Power and Legitimacy – 35 The Post-Soviet Russian Challenges from Russia Orthodox Church Edited by Per-Arne Bodin, Politics,cultureandGreaterRussia Stefan Hedlund and Elena Katja Richters Namli 36 Lenin’s Terror 40 Managing Ethnic Diversity in The ideological origins of early Russia Soviet state violence Edited by Oleh Protsyk and James Ryan Benedikt Harzl 37 Life in Post-Communist Eastern Europe after EU Membership 41 Believing in Russia – Religious Edited by Donnacha Ó Beacháin, Policy after Communism Vera Sheridan and Sabina Stan Geraldine Fagan – Power and Legitimacy Challenges from Russia Edited by Per-Arne Bodin, Stefan Hedlund and Elena Namli Firstpublished2013 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2013selectionandeditorialmaterial,Per-ArneBodin,StefanHedlund, ElenaNamli;individualchapters,thecontributors Therightoftheeditorstobeidentifiedastheauthorsoftheeditorial material,andoftheauthorsfortheirindividualchapters,hasbeenasserted inaccordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright,Designsand PatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orin anyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksor registeredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanation withoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Powerandlegitimacy:challengesfromRussia/editorsPer-ArneBodin, StefanHedlund,ElenaNamli. pages;cm.–(RoutledgecontemporaryRussiaandEastern Europeseries;39) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. 1.Power(Socialsciences)–Russia(Federation)2.Executivepower–Russia (Federation)3.Legitimacyofgovernments–Russia(Federation) 4.Russia(Federation)–Politicsandgovernment–1991-I.Bodin,Per-Arne, 1949-II.Hedlund,Stefan,1953-III.Namli,Elena.IV.Series:Routledge contemporaryRussiaandEasternEuropeseries;39. HN530.2.Z9P66652012 303.30947–dc23 2012003730 ISBN:978-0-415-67776-9(hbk) ISBN:978-0-203-10877-2(ebk) TypesetinTimesNewRoman byTaylor&FrancisBooks Contents List of contributors ix Introduction 1 PER-ARNEBODIN,STEFANHEDLUNDANDELENANAMLI 1 Dimensions of Russia: developments after the USSR 8 KLAUSVONBEYME 2 Never show weakness: how faking autocracy legitimates Putin’s hold on power 28 STEPHENHOLMES 3 Legitimizing the Russian executive: identity, technocracy, and performance 46 EUGENEHUSKEY 4 Legitimacy of power and security of property 59 STEFANHEDLUND 5 Capitalism and Russian democracy 75 BORISKAPUSTIN 6 Democracy in Russia: problems of legitimacy 102 BORISV.MEZHUEV 7 Power and society in Russia: avalue approach to legitimacy 118 RUBENAPRESSYAN 8 Powerful rationalityor rationality of power?: reflections on Russian scepticism towards human rights 133 ELENANAMLI 9 The ‘cultural/civilizational turn’ in post-Soviet identity building 152 JUTTASCHERRER viii Contents 10 Conservative political romanticism in post-Soviet Russia 169 ANDREYMEDUSHEVSKY 11 ‘Bez stali i leni’: Aesopian language and legitimacy 188 IRINASANDOMIRSKAIA 12 Medvedev’s new media gambit: the language of power in 140 characters or less 199 MICHAELS.GORHAM 13 Legitimacy and symphony: on the relationship between state and Church in post-Soviet Russia 220 PER-ARNEBODIN Concluding remarks 235 PER-ARNEBODIN,STEFANHEDLUNDANDELENANAMLI Index 239 Contributors Ruben Apressyan is Professor and Head of the Department of Ethics at the Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of several books and numerous articles on the historyof ethics, origination of morality, nature of morality, normative and applied ethics, philosophical issues of war, violence and non-violence, civil society and love. Klaus von Beyme is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Heidelberg. After studying Political Science, Sociology, History and History of Art in Heidelberg, Munich, Paris, Moscow and at Harvard University, he was Professor of Political Science at the University of Tübingen 1967–73, before moving to Heidelberg. His major research fields are Comparative Politics and Political Theory. Per-Arne Bodin is Professor of Slavic Languages at the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, Stockholm University. He has written on the relationship between Russian culture and Russian Orthodox tradition. His most recent book is Language, Canonization and Holy Foolishness: Studies in Post-Soviet Russian Culture and the Orthodox Tradition (Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, 2009). Michael S. Gorham is Associate Professor of Russian Studies at the Depart- ment of Languages, Literatures and Cultures, University of Florida. He has published articles on the intersection of language, literature and politics in Russia and a book titled Speaking in Soviet Tongues: Language Culture and the Politics of Voice in Revolutionary Russia (Northern Illinois UniversityPress,2003).Hiscurrentresearchexploresrelatedissuesinlate-and post-SovietRussia. Stefan Hedlund is Professor of Soviet and East European Studies at Uppsala University. Hehas publishedonSoviet and Russian economic development, and on the influence of historyon current affairs. His main research interest lies in the field of institutional theory and institutional change. His recent publicationsincludeInvisible Hands,Russian Experience and SocialScience: Approaches to Understanding Systemic Failure (Cambridge University Press, 2011). StephenHolmes isWalterE.MeyerProfessorofLawatNewYorkUniversity SchoolofLaw.Heistheauthorofnumerousbooksandarticlesinpolitical