Poverty and Welfare Among the Portuguese Jews in Early Modern Amsterdam PDF
Preview Poverty and Welfare Among the Portuguese Jews in Early Modern Amsterdam
.d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U lo o p re viL .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie, Bernfeld, Tirtsah. Poverty and Welfare among the Portuguese Jews in Early Modern Amsterdam, Liverpool University Press, 2012. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/libflru/detail.action?docID=5485139. Created from libflru on 2022-01-07 23:38:48. poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL n a m ttiL .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. THE LITTMAN LIBRARY OF JEWISH CIVILIZATION Dedicated to the memory of Louis Thomas Sidney Littman who founded the Littman Library for the love of God and as an act of charity in memory of his father Joseph Aaron Littman and to the memory of Robert Joseph Littman who continued what his father Louis had begun ‘Get wisdom, get understanding: Forsake her not and she shall preserve thee’ prov. 4:5 .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL na The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization is a registered UK charity m ttiL Registered charity no.1000784 .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. POVERTY AND WELFARE AMONG THE PORTUGUESE JEWS IN EARLY MODERN AMSTERDAM ◆ t i r t s a h l e v i e b e r n f e l d .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL n The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization a m ttiL in association with Liverpool University Press .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization in association with Liverpool University Press 4 Cambridge Street, Liverpooll69 7zu, uk www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/littman Managing Editor: Connie Webber Distributed in North America by Oxford University Press Inc., 198 Madison Avenue, New York, ny10016, usa © Tirtsah Levie Bernfeld2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization Catalogue records for this book are available from the British Library and the Library of Congress ISBN 978–1–904113–57–7 Publishing co-ordinator: Janet Moth Copy-editing: Gillian Somerscales and Philippa Claiden Proof-reading: Laurien Berkeley Index of Persons: Tirtsah Levie Bernfeld Index of Subjects: Christine Headley and Tirtsah Levie Bernfeld Designed and typeset by Pete Russell, Faringdon, Oxon. Production: John Saunders Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by TJ International Ltd., Padstow, Cornwall .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL n a m ttiL .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. Tothememoryofmyparents (cid:2) Max Levie 1920–1979 (cid:2) Reina Lea Levie-van Messel 1918–2001 (cid:2) .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL n a m ttiL .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .e h T ,n o ita ziliviC h siw e J fo yra rb iL n a m ttiL .2 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My experience ofwritingthisbookwasnotsolelythatofanintellectual exercise—ofsolitaryconfinementinmystudy,booksandclassicalmusicmy onlycompanions,punctuatedbycountlessvisitstoarchivesandlibraries.It alsomeantmeetingpeopleandmakingfriends,athomeandabroad,besides beingsurroundedbyanever-expandingextendedfamily. The book is the final product of a suggestion made by my teacher, ProfessorYosefKaplanoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,ofatopicfor adoctoraldissertation.Itwashewhodirectedmetowardsthepoorofthe Portuguese Jewish community in the early modern period as a subject in need of exploration, and I was indeed fortunate to have access to his vast knowledgeofthefield. I should also like to express a special word of gratitude to Professor Jonathan Israel, who was indefatigable in finding me a publisher, and who introducedmetotheLittmanLibraryofJewishCivilization. .d MyinterestinJewishhistoryhastakenmefarafield.Settingoutfromthe e vrese University of Amsterdam, and encouraged by Professor Maarten Brands, r sth I recall in particular the stimulating atmosphere of Brandeis and Harvard g ir llA universities,whereIhadtheprivilegeofattendingthelecturesofProfessor .eh Benjamin Ravid and of the late Professors Benjamin Halpern and Yosef T ,no HaimYerushalmi.Ontheothersideoftheglobe,Ialsobenefitedgreatlyfrom ita ziliviC theteachingofthelateProfessorHaimBeinartattheHebrewUniversityof h Jerusalem. Wherever we meet, in New York, Boston, London, Amsterdam, siw e orJerusalem,ProfessorDanielSwetschinski,scholarandfriend,hasalways J fo y shown an interest in my work. His ideas have been a source of inspiration ra rbiL tome. n am Back at home in Amsterdam, I discussed my work with three special ttiL .2 friends,allhistorians,duringconvivialeveningsatmyhouse.Ishouldliketo 1 02 thank Dr Lotte van de Pol, Dr Rudolf Dekker, and Professor Marco van © th Leeuwen for their continued support and friendship. I owe Professor van g iryp Leeuwen a special debt of gratitude for offering me hospitality at the Inter- o C nationalInstituteofSocialHistoryinAmsterdam,whereIcouldtakerefuge from the hustle and bustle of daily life at home and spend time writing, Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. viii acknowledgements thinking, and exchanging views. Hans Blom, Professor Emeritus of Dutch History at the University of Amsterdam, helped me through an impasse in myresearchandsetmebackontrack,forwhichIamverygrateful. ManylonghourswerespentattheAmsterdamCityArchives,whichbe- came,atacertainstageinmylife,mysecondhome.Ishouldliketothankall thestaffthere,especiallyDrsOdetteVlessing,andalsothemanyotherswho were always willing to retrieve mountains of archival sources. At the Biblio- teca Rosenthaliana I remember the invaluable help of former curators Dr Frits Hoogewoud and Dr Adri Offenberg. At the Ets Haim Library it was DrAbrahamRosenbergwhoansweredmyquestionsandprovidedmewith material. Theoriginaltextofmydoctoralthesis,ofwhichthisbookisanextended version,waswritteninDutchandtranslatedintoEnglishbythelateArnold PomeransandhiswifeErica.Itwasarealprivilegetoworkwiththem.The present version comprises their text with additions that I wrote in English. Drs Francine Menco-Püttmann, a long-standing family friend, offered in- valuable assistance in toiling through the notes and bibliography. The sum total was supervised and edited by the staff of the Littman Library of JewishCivilization,especiallybyConnieWebber,LudoCraddock,JanetMoth, PhilippaClaiden,GillianSomerscales,andGeorgeTulloch.Theircraftsman- ship, cordiality, and continual support made the burden of writing a book a littlelighter. .d ThelistofallmyfriendsintheNetherlands,inotherpartsofEurope,in e vrese theUnitedStates,inCanada,and,lastbutnotleast,inIsrael,whohavebeen r sth atalltimessoveryinspiring,reassuring,andsupportive,istoolongtoname g ir llA themallhere:Ithankthemallwarmly. .eh My late parents, Reina Lea Levie-van Messel and Max Levie, survivors of T ,no manyordealsduringtheSecondWorldWar,instilledinmeasenseofhope ita ziliviC h apnrodvpideerdsemveerawnictehthaahtahpeplpysamndewtoacrompeewnvitihrotnhmejeonytsaannddsaosrtrroownsgoffoluifned.aTthioeny siwe fromwhichtomoveahead.ItistotheirmemorythatIdedicatethisbook. J fo yra Ithasalwaysbeenastruggletocombineworkwithrunningafamily;often rb work had to come last, and the progress of my research was delayed. But iL n a familylifehasgivenmesomuchinreturn:mychildrenMichaelandEvaare m ttiL now adults, and all our lives are enriched by Michael and Mila’s son, my .2 1 0 grandchildBenjaminJona.Icannotbutbethankfulforthewarmthandjoy 2 © th withwhichourlifeisconstantlyfilled. g iryp Above all, I want to thank my partner in life Juri Jacob Bernfeld, whose o C loveandcarehavebeenaconstantblessing. Amsterdam,2012 tlb Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30. CONTENTS ListofTables xii ListofFigures xiv NoteonTransliterationandOrthography xv NoteonMonetaryUnits xvii 1 SettingtheScene 1 Terminology:TheDefinitionofPoverty 4 WhatPreciselyAreWeTryingtoEstablish? 5 Sources 8 2 MigrationofthePoor 13 .d Introduction 13 e vre se EvolvingPolicyonAdmissionandReliefofthePoor 16 r sth gir llA WhereDidthePoorComeFrom? 20 .eh TheJourneytoAmsterdamfromtheIberianPeninsula 22 T ,no TheRoute:FromPortugal,fromSpain,andfromFrancetoAmsterdam 24 itaziliviC FundingtheJourney 28 h TheJourneytoAmsterdamfromOtherRegions 31 siw e Italy 31 J fo y NorthAfrica 33 rarb South-easternEuropeandtheLevant 34 iL n TheNewWorld 37 a mttiL HamburgandAntwerp 38 .21 EmigrationfromAmsterdam 39 0 2 © th PressureonMigrantstoMoveOn 41 g iryp DestinationsandNumbers 47 o C FemaleMigration 53 TheMigrationBalance 58 Levie-Bernfeld, T. (2012). Poverty and welfare among the portuguese jews in early modern amsterdam. ProQuest Ebook Central <a onclick=window.open('http://ebookcentral.proquest.com','_blank') href='http://ebookcentral.proquest.com' target='_blank' style='cursor: pointer;'>http://ebookcentral.proquest.com</a> Created from libflru on 2021-05-23 11:29:30.
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