Poultry, Fisheries, Apiculture and Sericulture

280 Pages·2017·4.11 MB·English

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

Livestock and Fisheries

Research Strategies

Poultry, Fisheries, Apiculture

and Sericulture

(2016 -2030)
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

Livestock and Fisheries
Research Strategies

Poultry, Fisheries, Apiculture
and Sericulture

(2016 – 2030)
___________________________

© EIAR, July 2017
›=ÓU›=' 2009
Website: http://www.eiar.gov.et
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
P.O.Box 2003
Addis Ababa

Editing and design: Getnet Assefa
Table of Contents

Foreword......................................................................................................................... iii
Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................... v
1. Poultry Research Strategy
............................................................................. 1
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................... 3
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... 5
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 9
2. Importance of Poultry Production ................................................................ 12
3. Assessments of External and Internal Environments .................... 23
4. Strategic Issues Facing the Poultry Research..................................... 40
5. Research Themes and Strategic Interventions .................................. 44
6. The Next Steps.......................................................................................................... 59
7. References .................................................................................................................. 60
8. Annexes ......................................................................................................................... 64

2. Fisheries Research Strategy
..................................................................... 69

a) Capture Fisheries
................................................................................. 69

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ....................................................................... 71
Executive Summary............................................................................................................ 73
1. Introduction.................................................................................................................. 75
2. Importance of Capture Fishery in Ethiopia............................................. 80
3. Situation Analysis.................................................................................................... 88
4. Stakeholder Analysis............................................................................................. 96
5. Benchmarking............................................................................................................. 98
6. Strategic Issues and Interventions............................................................... 99
7. The Next Steps.......................................................................................................... 107
8. References................................................................................................................... 107
9. Annexes......................................................................................................................... 109

i
b) Aquaculture Research Strategy
................................................ 115

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms........................................................................ 117
Executive Summary............................................................................................................ 119
1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 121
2. Importance of Aquaculture……......................................................................... 124
3. Situation Analysis..................................................................................................... 130
4. Stakeholder Analysis............................................................................................. 139
5. Benchmarking............................................................................................................. 141
6. Strategic Issues and Interventions............................................................... 142
7. The Next Steps.......................................................................................................... 149
8. References.................................................................................................................... 149
9. Annexes.......................................................................................................................... 151

3. Apiculture Research Strategy
.................................................................. 153

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms........................................................................ 153
Executive Summary............................................................................................................ 157
1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 159
2. Importance of Apiculture Sub-sector.......................................................... 164
3. Assessments of External and Internal Environments...................... 178
4. Strategic Issues Facing the Apiculture Research.............................. 202
5. Research Themes and Strategic Interventions................................... 207
6. The Next Steps.......................................................................................................... 223
7. References................................................................................................................... 224

4. Sericulture Research Strategy
................................................................. 229

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ...................................................................... 231
Executive Summary............................................................................................................ 233
1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 235
2. Importance of the Sericulture Sub-sector................................................ 240
3. Assessments of External and Internal Environments...................... 245
4. Strategic Issues......................................................................................................... 257
5. Research Themes and Strategic Interventions................................... 260
6. The Next Steps.......................................................................................................... 274
7. References.................................................................................................................... 275
8. Annexes.......................................................................................................................... 277

ii
Foreword

In the years ahead agriculture awaits a daunting task of feeding burgeoning
population in a resource constraint world and under the influence of
climate change while keeping society and environment safe. Agricultural
research undoubtedly plays a key role for agriculture to fulfill its
objectives. This, however, cannot be addressed through impromptu or with
only a short-term research plan. Therefore, while addressing instant
problems agricultural research needs to anticipate future needs as today’s
research will guide tomorrow’s solutions and approaches in farming and
agri-business. This is especially important in view of lag between
conceiving and maturity of research, uptake by users, and ultimate
translation into development.

This national program/thematic area-based strategy was therefore drawn
within the context and in conformity with the need and evolving national
and global emerging trends while taking advantage of the current and
emerging opportunities. The strategy is framed in alignment to, among
others, Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the various
Ethiopian Ministries Growth and Transformation Plans(GTPIIs), EIAR’s
GTPII, National Agricultural Research roadmap, Climate Resilient Green
Economy strategies and of course under the rubric of the country’s medium
term vision to become a middle income country by 2025.

While the strategy is lopsided on primary sector (production end) research
attempt was also made to establish relevant links to the value
networks/chains/ research to the extent it can be stretched.

The strategy development was initiated by and is a special contribution of
EIAR to the Ethiopian National Agricultural Research System. As such,
the strategy has been developed in close consultations with a wide range
of stakeholders. Such a broad-based participation of key stakeholders is
thus believed to ensure shared responsibility and ownership of the strategy.

EIAR has a strong conviction that the strategy will serve a vital document
that will: specify the contribution of the research program/theme to the
overall achievement of the objectives of Ethiopian NARS; serve as a
framework to guide the research program planning and implementation;
be used to track record of results and as a reference that can be monitored
iii
and reviewed and for mobilizing in resources from national and/or
international sources. By having a long-term strategy we specifically aim
to focus efforts and fast-track desired outputs as well as achieve research
priorities consistency and sequencing.

Indeed, laying down a 15 years plan seems a time too distant to accurately
predict. But by scanning and analyzing the national and global trends, and
possible future scenarios and signals we believe we have captured at least
the coarse portrait of the future. Despite this, however, we by no means
claim that it is a complete document. Rather our assumption is that the
strategy will serve a live document and remain dynamic to respond to new
and emerging problems that can be periodically reviewed and refined in
the light of new developments. The full text of the original strategy is much
more elaborated than this abridged version and can be retrieved from the
EIAR’s archive at: http://www. eiar.gov.et

On behalf of EIAR and my own, I would like to extend my sincere thanks
to all those who invested their time and energy and, in one way or
another, took part in the process of developing the Research Strategy.

Fentahun Mengistu (PhD)
Director General, EIAR

iv
Acknowledgements

These research strategies of poultry, captured fisheries, aquaculture,
apiculture and sericulture were prepared by a core team of the different
research programs of the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research
(EIAR) and researchers from the national research system including the
regional research institutes and universities in their respective fields. The
strategies were enriched into its current shape taking into account the
comments given by stakeholders during two stakeholders’ consultation
meetings organized by the institute. The financial support of the RESARP
project in this process is duly acknowledged.

The following researchers are highly acknowledged for taking the lead and
commitment in preparation of the strategies;

1) Etalem Tesfaye, Emebet Moreda, Tadios Habte, Wondmeneh
Esatu, Akliku Negusie, Alemayehu Amare and Tekaleigh Yirgu
(poultry research program)

2) Adamneh Dagne, Aschalew Lakew, Kibru Teshome, Megersa
Endiebu, Yared Tigabu, Zenebe Tadesse, and Abebe Cheffo
(aquaculture and fisheries research program)

3) Amsalu Bezabeh, Alemayehu Gela, and Gemechis Legesse
(apiculture research program)

4) Abiye Tilahun, Kedir Shifa, and Metasebia Terefe (sericulture
research program)

v
Poultry Research Strategy

(2016 – 2030)
1
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms

AGRA Alliance for Green Revolution in Africa
ATA Agricultural Transformation Agency
CGIAR Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research
CSA Central Statistical Agency
CSA Climate Smart Agriculture
CRGE Climate Resilience Green Economy
DZARC Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center
EBI Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute
EARI Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute
EMDIDI Ethiopian Meat and Dairy Industry Development Industry
EU European Union
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FAOSTAT Food and Agriculture Organization Statics
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GIS Geographical Information System
GMP Genetically Modified Product
GTP II Growth Transformation Plan II
HACCP Hazard Analytical Critical Control Point
ICT Information Communication Technology
ILRI International Livestock Research Institute
IFP Improved Family Poultry
Kcal Kilocalories
KMT Knowledge Management Technologies
LMP Livestock master plan
MAS Marker-Assisted Selection
MoFED Ministry of Finance and Economic Development
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex
MoLF Ministry of Livestock and Fishery
NABC Netherlands-Africa Business Council
NARC National agricultural research center
NVI National Veterinary Institute
PHL Post-Harvest Losses
PEST+ Political, Economical, Socio-cultural and Technological
PANVAC Pan-African Vaccine Control
RARIs Regional Agricultural research institute
RIR Rhode Island Red
SNP Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
SPP Specialized Poultry Production
SWOC Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges
USAID United State of Agency International Development
VDFACA Veterinary Drugs and Animal Feed Administration and Control Authority
3
Executive summary
The accomplishment of National Poultry Program vision and objectives
allied with Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute(EARI) in
strengthening Ethiopian poultry industry over the next decade will depend
on its ability to attain itself and readily respond to urging demand of
poultry technologies in line with socioeconomic strata of the country,
environmental and policy strategy, information and knowledge. An
endeavor to face the challenges and proficiently to deliver outputs that are
in part with national and regional economic drives for the technological
innovation and adoption, EARIwith the National poultry Program is
developing this research strategy cognizant by its visionandmission
alliedwith the government’s development policy plan. The National
Poultry Program Research is among EARI’s core commodities of highest
priority for poverty alleviation, itsrequirement to trailoutfit in developing
a long-term research strategy that will guide efforts of the program and the
institutes at large; as well as those of the research team to deliver
appropriate technologicaloutputs, information and knowledge that would
contribute to the anticipated development of the poultry sub-sector and the
nation at large. This research strategyis believed to serve, for the next
fifteen years (2016-2030), as a blueprint for the national
poultrycommodity research team to advance their effort in generating and
adopting different broiler, layer and dual-purpose technologies for the
fifteen projected outputs.
This strategy was drafted by building on the experiences and lessons
gained from first strategy developed in 1999 during tenure of the then
EARO, wastracked through the last fifteen years. The new draft strategy
was expounded and advanced to take its contemporaryprocedure and
content with the National Poultry Program researcher team through the
EARI’s initiative in delivering outputs envisioned by GTP-II period and
livestock master plan. This strategy is organized in eight major chapters as
conciselydiscussed as follows:
Chapter one-Introduction:-A section of background information on the
process of preparation of the strategy; brief descriptions of poultry
production systems and their current status, the importance of poultry and
poultry products as source of household income, food security/livelihood
and GDP; descriptions of the rationale for developing a long-term research
strategy spanning over a period of 15 years; and the vision, mission, goal,
5