Potato and sweetpotato in Africa : transforming the value chains for food and nutrition security

664 Pages·2015·6.91 MB·English

by  Jan Low, Moses Nyongesa, Sara Quinn, Monica Parker

Potato and Sweetpotato in Africa
Transforming the Value Chains for Food and Nutrition Security
Potato and Sweetpotato in Africa
Transforming the Value Chains for Food
and Nutrition Security
Edited by
Jan Low
International Potato Center (CIP), Nairobi, Kenya (CGIAR)
Moses Nyongesa
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization
Sara Quinn
International Potato Center (CIP), Nairobi, Kenya (CGIAR)
Monica Parker
International Potato Center (CIP), Nairobi, Kenya (CGIAR)
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Contents
Contributors xi
Preface xxiii
Acronyms xv
PArt I. ADvAnCes In sweetPotAto AnD PotAto BreeDIng
1 Advances in sweetpotato Breeding from 1992 to 2012 3
W.J. Grüneberg, D. Ma, R.O.M. Mwanga, E.E. Carey, K. Huamani,
F. Diaz, R. Eyzaguirre, E. Guaf, M. Jusuf, A. Karuniawan, K. Tjintokohadi,
Y.-S. Song, S.R. Anil, M. Hossain, E. Rahaman, S.I. Attaluri, K. Somé,
S.O. Afuape, K. Adofo, E. Lukonge, L. Karanja, J. Ndirigwe, G. Ssemakula,
S. Agili, J.M. Randrianaivoarivony, M. Chiona, F. Chipungu, S.M. Laurie,
J. Ricardo, M. Andrade, F. Rausch Fernandes, A.S. Mello, M.A. Khan,
D.R. Labonte and G.C. Yencho
2 B reeding sweetpotato for Yield and Beta-carotene Content
in Burkina Faso 69
K. Somé, T.J. Ouedraogo, J. Belem, K.I. Asante, G. Vernon and Y.E. Danquah
3 D evelopment of Dual-purpose sweetpotato varieties through
Participatory Breeding in rwanda 79
D. Shumbusha, J. Ndirigwe, L. Kankundiye, A. Musabyemungu and R.O.M. Mwanga
4 D evelopment and evaluation of new sweetpotato varieties
through Farmer Participatory Breeding for High Altitudes in Kenya 88
L. Karanja, J. Malinga, J. Ndung’u, A. Gichangi, D. Lelgut and J. Kamundia
5 I n Vitro evaluation of orange-feshed sweetpotato genotypes for
Drought tolerance Using Polyethylene glycol 98
S. Agili, B.N. Aggrey, K. Ngamau and W.P. Masinde
6 E x Ante evaluation of Improved Potato varieties
for sub-saharan Africa 110
U. Kleinwechter, G. Hareau, M. Bonierbale, M. Gastelo and D. Harahagazwe
v
vi Contents
7 D urable Cisgenic resistance to Phytophthora infestans
in Potato, and Perspectives for Applications in Africa 122
G. Gheysen, B. Heremans, B. Van Droogenbroeck, R. Custers,
J.H. Vossen, R.G.F. Visser, E. Jacobsen, R. Hutten and A.J. Haverkort
8 e xhibition trial and Farmer Participatory selection of new
Late-blight resistant B3C1 Potato genotypes for Adaptation
to nigerian Conditions 128
C.O. Amadi, A.J. Lang, E.A. Dung, D.M. Lenka,
T.Y. Dalyop and J.A. Landeo
9 I ntegrative Breeding strategy for Making Climate-smart
Potato varieties for sub-saharan Africa 134
A. Asfaw, M. Bonierbale and M.A. Khan
10 n ew elite Potato Clones with Heat tolerance, Late Blight
and virus resistance to Address Climate Change 143
M. Gastelo, L. Diaz, J.A. Landeo and M. Bonierbale
PArt II. gettIng seeD PotAto sYsteMs MovIng
11 s trategies to Improve seed Potato Quality
and supply in sub-saharan Africa: experience
from Interventions in Five Countries 155
P. Demo, B. Lemaga, R. Kakuhenzire, S. Schulz, D. Borus,
I. Barker, G. Woldegiorgis, M.L. Parker and E. Schulte-Geldermann
12 P ublic–Private Partnership supporting women-driven
seed Potato Multiplication in the Lumwana Catchment
Area of north-western Province of Zambia 168
A. Chalwe, S. Bwembya, H. Kanema and D. Subakanya
13 r isk of Uncontrolled Importation of seed Potato from europe
to east and Central Africa: what are the Policy options? 176
W. Kaguongo, I. Rwomushana, I.N. Kashaija, S. Ntizo and J. Kabira
14 Q uality seed Potato Production: experiences From
the Highlands of ethiopia 186
G. Woldegiorgis, G. Hailemariam, B. Lemaga and S. Schulz
15 A Possible Pathway for Developing Formal seed Potato
Production in sub-saharan Africa: A Case of Uganda national
seed Potato Producers’ Association (UnsPPA) 199
R. Kakuhenzire, S. Tindimubona, I.N. Kashaija and B. Lemaga
16 P otato Yield variation as Affected by virus seed
Degeneration and growth Conditions in tunisia 207
N. Khamassy, I. Riadh and S. Boukhris-Bouhachem
17 s eed Potato Certifcation in Kenya: Prospects, Achievements
and Constraints 212
E. Kimani, G. Ngundo and I. Macharia
18 A daptation and Improvement of the seed-plot technique
in smallholder Potato Production 218
Z.M. Kinyua, E. Schulte-Geldermann, P. Namugga, B. Ochieng-Obura,
S. Tindimubona, A. Bararyenya, I.N. Kashaija, I. Rwomushana and F. Opio
Contents vi
19 I ntegration of In Vitro techniques in Informal seed Production
systems of Potato in Africa 226
V.A. Kumar and A. Kumar
20 C omparison Between Fluorescent Lamps and Light-emitting
Diodes on In Vitro growth of Potato Microplants and
subsequent In Vivo Performance and Minituber Production 235
O.H. Kwigizile, J.P. Palohuta and R. Kakuhenzire
21 A n Analysis of Demand, supply and elasticities of
seed Potato in Major Producing Areas in nigeria 242
D.M. Lenka, E.A. Dung and G. Asumugha
22 A n Alternative technology for Pre-basic seed Potato
Production – sand Hydroponics 249
D. Mbiri, E. Schulte-Geldermann, V. Otazu, R. Kakuhenzire,
P. Demo and S. Schulz
23 I mproving seed Health and seed Performance
by Positive selection in three Kenyan Potato varieties 254
E. Schulte-Geldermann, P.R. Gildemacher and P. Struik
24 s caling Up the Adoption of Positive selection and seed-plot
techniques in seed Potato systems in Uganda – UnsPPA’s experience 261
S. Tindimubona, Z.M. Kinyua, F. Opio, I. Rwomushana, A. Bararyenya,
P. Nahayo, W. Kaguongo, J.N. Oggema, B. Biryomumaisho, P. Namugga
and I.N. Kashaija
25 s ubstrate and genotype effects on growth for seed Potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.) Production in Malawi 266
S.C. Zimba, J.P. Njoloma, J.A. Nyaika, W.F. Mwase, M.F. Maliro,
M.B. Kwapata and J.M. Bokosi
26 w ork of Multiple organizations to Improve seed Potato Health
in the UsA and an example of Change to reduce Potato Virus Y
in seed Potato Lots 274
J.L. Whitworth and P. Nolte
27 P otato Virus Y in south Africa: Isolate Characterization
and Assessment of Potato Cultivar resistance 279
J.C. Visser and D.U. Bellstedt
PArt III. ADDressIng BottLeneCKs In tHe sweetPotAto seeD sYsteMs
28 C an small still Be Beautiful? Moving Local sweetpotato
seed systems to scale in sub-saharan Africa 289
M. McEwan, C. Almekinders, P.E. Abidin, M. Andrade, E.E. Carey,
R.W. Gibson, A. Naico, S. Namanda and S. Schulz
29 e ffect of Long-term In Vitro subculturing on Quality
Degeneration of sweetpotato varieties: Morpho-anatomic
Assessment and simple sequence repeat (ssr) Analysis 311
M.C. Hundayehu, E. du Toit, S.M. Laurie, M. Steyn, R. Greyling and N. Myeza
30 s hortage of sweetpotato Planting Material Caused by Prolonged Dry
seasons in Africa: strategies to Increase its Availability in Uganda 322
S. Namanda and R.W. Gibson
vi Contents
31 e valuation and Promotion of sustainable seed supply systems
for vegetatively Propagated Crops in Central and eastern Kenya 330
V.N. Gathaara, P.O. Simuyu, D.W. Kilambya, E.K. Muriuki, E.G. Thuranira
and D.W. Miano
PArt Iv. tACKLIng DIseAse AnD CroP MAnAgeMent In PotAto
AnD sweetPotAto
32 Disease Management, especially viruses in Potato and sweetpotato 339
J.P.T. Valkonen, J.F. Kreuze and J. Ndunguru
33 I nsect Life Cycle Modelling (ilcym) software – A generic
Platform for Developing Insect Phenology Models, Population
Analysis and risk Mapping 350
H.E.Z. Tonnang, M. Sporleder, H. Juarez, P. Carhuapoma and J. Kroschel
34 P hytophthora infestans Population Changes in Kenya Pose
Challenges to existing Potato Blight Control strategies 362
M. Nyongesa, C. Lung’aho, L. Wasilwa, M. Mbiyu, J. Onditi and S. Otieno
35 r oot Knot nematodes and soft rot Enterobacteriaceae,
two emerging Problems of Potatoes 368
L.N. Moleleki
36 C an Mineral oil Protect seed Potato Against Aphid
transmission of Potato Virus Y? 375
S. Boukhris-Bouhachem, M.H. Sellami, I. Chaieb, R. Souissi
and M. El Fahem
37 t he Farming systems of Potential Potato Production
Areas of Chencha, southern ethiopia 382
W. Mazengia, R. Schulte, Y. Tadese, D. Griffn, S. Schulz and P.C. Struik
38 Aphids Infesting Potato in Kenya 396
H.K. Were, F.M. Olubayo, J. Kabira, J. Aura and L. Torrance
39 M aize–orange-feshed sweetpotato Intercropping: Potential
for Use to enhance Food security and scaling-up the nutrition
effort in Malawi 405
P.E. Abidin, F. Chipungu, T. Nyekanyeka, T. Chilanga, O. Mwenye,
J. Kazembe, B. Botha and E.E. Carey
40 e ffect of staking on Flower Induction, Pollination and
Cross-compatibility Among sweetpotato 414
M.S. Afolabi and M.O. Akoroda
41 s weetpotato and garden egg Intercrop Compatibility studies
in Umudike, nigeria 421
C.N. Ebeniro, A. Udealor, A.O. Ano and C.O. Amadi
42 n utrient Uptake and Yield effciency of exotic sweetpotato
Cultivars Under an organic soil Management system
in Abeokuta, southwestern nigeria 426
O.I. Lawal, M.O. Atayese, A.A. Oyekanmi, S.O. Afuwape,
O.S. Sakariyawo, A.O. Olaiya, O.T.H. Idowu and I.O.O. Aiyelaagbe
Contents ix
PArt v. InnovAtIons In MArKetIng, ProCessIng
teCHnoLogIes AnD vALUe CHAIn MAnAgeMent For PotAto
AnD sweetPotAto
43 o n the road to Potato Processing in African tropical Highlands 435
A.J. Haverkort, G. Woldegiorgis, M.J. van Koesveld, S. Ntizo,
R. Wustman and X. Zhang
44 U nlocking the Potential of the Potato subsector in Kenya –
A roadmap for revitalizing the subsector 453
C. Lung’aho, D. Kipkoech, N. Ng’ang’a, W. Kaguongo, M. Nyongesa
and E. Schulte-Geldermann
45 P otential of Processing Potato Flakes from Popular
Kenyan Potato varieties 462
G.O. Abong’, J. Kabira, M.W. Okoth, J.A. Ogolla and J. Ouma
46 A ssessing Potato Production effciency through Contract
Farming in Kenya: the Case of Bomet and Molo Farmers 470
D. Kipkoech, D. Borus, B. Lemaga, J. Kering, G. Muriithi,
N. Ng’ang’a and J. Kabira
47 I mprovement of Processing technology research and Utilization
of sweetpotato and its Derived Foods in China and rwanda 478
K. Sindi, J. Xie, K. Xie and Y. Zhu
48 B uilding a sustainable sweetpotato value Chain: experience
from the rwanda sweetpotato super Foods Project 491
J. Ndirigwe, K. Sindi, J. Low, D. Shumbusha, J.B. Shingiro,
J.C. Nshimiyimana, S. Hakizimana and A. Angsten
49 s weetpotato value Chain Development in west Africa:
Matching Products with Farmer typology 498
D. Peters
50 v acuum-frying Processing technology Improves Quality
Attributes of Fried sweetpotato Chips 508
O.P. Sobukola, T.A. Esan, H.A. Bakare and L.O. Sanni
51 P rice Integration of sweetpotato Marketing: Implications
for an effcient Marketing system in nigeria 517
H.N. Anyaegbunam, A.C. Nwosu and J.A. Mbanasor
52 t ransaction Costs and Agricultural Household supply:
response of sweetpotato Farmers in Kwara state of nigeria 524
C.O. Farayola, S.C. Nwachukwu and B.I. Alao
53 P romotion of vitamin A-enriched sweetpotato for Production
by small-scale Commercial Farmers in south Africa 533
S.M. Laurie, M.M. Mtileni, W.M. Mphela, A.A. Van den Berg,
T. Ramathavhana, L. Sediane, T. Maraganedzha and C.P. du Plooy
54 g etting the equation right: engendering sweetpotato
value Chains in east Africa 541
S. Mayanja and M. McEwan