Wasley_final.indb 1 9/8/10 6:32:43 AM Princeton University Press Princeton and oxford Wasley_final.indb 2 9/8/10 6:32:44 AM Wasley_final.indb 3 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM copyright © 2011 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William street, Princeton, new Jersey 08540 in the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 oxford street, Woodstock, oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All rights reserved Library of congress cataloging-in-Publication Data Wasley, Aidan, 1968– The age of Auden : postwar poetry and the American scene / Aidan Wasley. p. cm. includes bibliographical references and index. isBn 978-0-691-13679-0 (alk. paper) 1. American poetry—20th century—History and criticism. 2. Auden, W. H. (Wystan Hugh), 1907–1973—influence. 3. influence (Literary, artistic, etc.)— History—20th century. i.˜title. Ps323.5.W37 2011 813’.5409—dc22 2010025252 British Library cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Garamond Premier Pro Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Printed in the United states of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wasley_final.indb 4 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM To Jan and Vernagh Wasley Wasley_final.indb 5 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM Wasley_final.indb 6 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM List of Abbreviations ix Preface xiii Prologue: Auden in “Atlantis” 1 Part i 1 A Way of Happening: Auden’s American Presence 33 Part ii 2 Father of Forms: Merrill, Auden, and a Fable of Influence 77 3 The Gay Apprentice: Ashbery, Auden, and a Portrait of the Artist as a Young Critic 109 4 The old sources: Rich, Auden, and Making Something Happen 145 epilogue: He Became His Admirers: Saying Goodbye to Auden 175 notes 209 index 243 Wasley_final.indb 7 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM Wasley_final.indb 8 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM ACW Adrienne rich, A Change of World (new Haven, ct: yale University Press 1951). ADW Adrienne rich, An Atlas of a Difficult World: Poems 1988–1991 (new york: W. W. norton, 1991). AWK John Ashbery, As We Know (new york: Penguin, 1979). BBP Adrienne rich, Blood, Bread, and Poetry: Selected Prose (new york: W. W. norton, 1986). CLS James Merrill, The Changing Light at Sandover (new york: Knopf, 1992). CN James Merrill, Collected Novels and Plays (new york: Knopf, 2002). [Auden] CP W. H. Auden, Collected Poems (new york: vintage, 1991). [Merrill] CP James Merrill, Collected Poems (new york: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002) ix Wasley_final.indb 9 9/8/10 6:32:45 AM
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