Post-Imperial Democracies: Ideology and Party Formation in Third Republic France, Weimar Germany, and Post-Soviet Russia PDF
Preview Post-Imperial Democracies: Ideology and Party Formation in Third Republic France, Weimar Germany, and Post-Soviet Russia
This page intentionally left blank Post-ImperialDemocracies IdeologyandPartyFormationinThirdRepublicFrance, WeimarGermany,andPost-SovietRussia Thisbookexaminesthecausalimpactofideologythroughacomparative- historical analysis ofthree cases of“post-imperial democracy”:the early ThirdRepublicinFrance(1870–1886),theWeimarRepublicinGermany (1918–1934), and post-Soviet Russia (1992–2008). Stephen E. Hanson argues that political ideologies are typically necessary for the mobiliza- tion of enduring, independent national party organizations in uncertain democracies. Clear and consistent ideologies can artificially elongate the temporalhorizonsoftheiradherents.Bypresentinganexplicitanddesir- ablepictureofthepoliticalfuture,successfulideologuesinduceindividuals toembracealong-runstrategyofcooperationwithotherconverts.When enoughnewconvertscooperateinthisway,itenablessustainedcollective actiontodefendandextendpartypower.Successfulpartyideologiesthus have the character of self-fulfilling prophecies: by portraying the future polityasoneorganizedtoservetheinterestsofthoseloyaltospecificide- ologicalprinciples,they helpto bring political organizationscenteredon theseprinciplesintobeing. StephenE.HansonistheViceProvostforGlobalAffairsandtheHerbertJ. EllisonProfessorintheDepartmentofPoliticalScienceattheUniversityof Washington.HansonistheauthorofTimeandRevolution:Marxismand theDesignofSovietInstitutions(1997),whichreceivedthe1998Wayne S.VucinichbookawardfromtheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvance- ment of Slavic Studies. His more recent publications include Postcom- munism and the Theory of Democracy (2001, with Richard Anderson Jr., M. Steven Fish, and Philip Roeder) and articles in journals includ- ingComparativePoliticalStudies,ComparativePolitics,Communistand Post-Communist Studies, andEast European Politics and Societies. He alsoservedasAssistantGeneralEditoroftheCambridgeStudiesinCom- parativePoliticsseriesuntil2008. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics GeneralEditor MargaretLeviUniversityofWashington,Seattle AssistantGeneralEditors KathleenThelenMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology ErikWibbelsDukeUniversity AssociateEditors RobertH.BatesHarvardUniversity StephenE.HansonUniversityofWashington,Seattle TorbenIversenHarvardUniversity StathisKalyvasYaleUniversity PeterLangeDukeUniversity HelenMilnerPrincetonUniversity FrancesRosenbluthYaleUniversity SusanStokesYaleUniversity OtherBooksintheSeries DavidAusten-Smith,JeffryA.Frieden,MiriamA.Golden,KarlOveMoene, andAdamPrzeworski,eds.,SelectedWorksofMichaelWallerstein:The PoliticalEconomyofInequality,Unions,andSocialDemocracy AndyBaker,TheMarketandtheMassesinLatinAmerica:PolicyReform andConsumptioninLiberalizingEconomies LisaBaldez,WhyWomenProtest:Women’sMovementsinChile StefanoBartolini,ThePoliticalMobilizationoftheEuropeanLeft, 1860–1980:TheClassCleavage RobertBates,WhenThingsFellApart:StateFailureinLate-CenturyAfrica MarkBeissinger,NationalistMobilizationandtheCollapseoftheSovietState NancyBermeo,ed.,UnemploymentintheNewEurope CarlesBoix,DemocracyandRedistribution CarlesBoix,PoliticalParties,Growth,andEquality:ConservativeandSocial DemocraticEconomicStrategiesintheWorldEconomy CatherineBoone,MerchantCapitalandtheRootsofStatePowerinSenegal, 1930–1985 CatherineBoone,PoliticalTopographiesoftheAfricanState:Territorial AuthorityandInstitutionalChange ContinuedaftertheIndex Post-Imperial Democracies Ideology and Party Formation in Third Republic France, Weimar Germany, and Post-Soviet Russia STEPHEN E. HANSON UniversityofWashington,Seattle CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521883511 © Stephen E. Hanson 2010 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2010 ISBN-13 978-0-511-90033-4 eBook (EBL) ISBN-13 978-0-521-88351-1 Hardback ISBN-13 978-0-521-70985-9 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Contents Acknowledgments pageix Preface xiii part one: conceptual and theoretical issues 1 WeberianMethodologicalIndividualism 3 2 AWeberianTheoryofIdeology 29 3 IdeologyandPartyFormation 57 part two: case studies 4 TheFoundingoftheFrenchThirdRepublic 87 5 TheRiseandFalloftheWeimarRepublic 123 6 Post-SovietRussia 175 7 Conclusion:BringingIdeologyBackIn 237 Index 255 vii
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