Positive Mental Health, Fighting Stigma and Promoting Resiliency for Children and Adolescents

308 Pages·2016·2.4 MB·English

POSITIVE MENTAL HEALTH,
FIGHTING STIGMA AND
PROMOTING RESILIENCY FOR
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
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POSITIVE MENTAL
HEALTH,
FIGHTING STIGMA
AND PROMOTING
RESILIENCY FOR
CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS
Edited by
M H
atthew odes
S G
usan au
AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON
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Contents
Contributors xi
Introduction xiii
I
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES
1. Positive Mental Health—What Is It, How Is It Recognized,
and Can It Be Achieved?
B. FALISSARD
Introduction 3
We All Want Our Young People to Be Happy 3
The Question of Happiness 4
What Psychometrics Tell Us About Happiness and Well-Being 5
What Population-Based Studies Tell Us About Child Well-Being 6
Positive Psychology 6
WHO and the Definition of Health 7
Health Versus Medicine; Mental Health Versus Psychiatry 9
The Particular Nature of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 11
Synthesis 11
Conclusion 12
References 13
2. ICD-11—Comparison With DSM-5 and Implications for
Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders
M.E. GARRALDA
Introduction 15
Historical Context for ICD Classifications 16
Recommended Properties of an International Classification 17
Classification and Taxonomy: Rationale 17
Classification in Psychiatry 18
ICD-11 and DSM-5: Compatibility and Divergence 19
Classification in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 20
v
vi CONTENTS
The Proposed Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders in ICD-11
and Their Convergence with DSM-5 22
The Neurodevelopmental Cluster of Disorders in DSM-5 and ICD-11 23
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Syndrome Consolidation and the
New Dyad of Impairments 24
Specific Language Disorders 25
The Classification of Disruptive, Dissocial, and Conduct Disorders 26
Is DMDD a Valid Diagnosis? 27
Future Approaches to Classification: The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) 28
Classification Systems and the Practice of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
and CAMHS 29
Final Considerations 33
Declaration of Interests 34
References 34
II
RISK AND RESILIENCE
3. Disorders of Brain Development: Understanding Childhood
Psychopathology
F.P. MACMASTER, M. SEMBO, L.M. LANGEVIN, K. MA AND P. CROARKIN
Introduction 39
Neuroscientific Methods to Study of Brain Development In Vivo 39
Typical Development 45
Findings in Mental Illness 47
Future Directions 65
References 66
4. Genetic Process in Resilience and Vulnerability
and the Consequence of Abuse
M. PESKIN AND G. ZALSMAN
Vulnerability and Resilience 79
Genetic Factors 81
Summary and Future Directions 86
Acknowledgments 86
References 86
5. Resilience and Developmental Health in Autism Spectrum Disorder
P. SZATMARI, L. ZWAIGENBAUM, S. GEORGIADES, M. ELSABBAGH, C. WADDELL,
T. BENNETT, S. BRYSON, E. DUKU, E. FOMBONNE, P. MIRENDA, W. ROBERTS, I. SMITH,
T. VAILLANCOURT AND J. VOLDEN
Introduction 91
What Is Resilience? 93
Defining “Optimal Outcomes” 94
CONTENTS vii
What Is Developmental Health? 98
Review of Studies of Developmental Health in ASD 99
Socialization 99
Functional Independence 100
Self-Determination 101
Educational Achievement 102
Emotional and Behavioral Regulation 103
Conclusion on Literature Review of Resilience in Developmental Health 104
Future Directions for Research, Policy, and Practice 105
References 105
6. Mental Health Promotion for Indigenous Youth
L.J. KIRMAYER, E. SHEINER AND D. GEOFFROY
Introduction 111
Indigenous Youth in Global Context 112
Sources of Adversity and Youth Mental Health 113
Cultural Roots of Well-Being and Resilience 116
Assessing Youth Well-Being and Resilience in Research and Clinical Contexts 122
Promoting Positive Mental Health Among Indigenous Youth 126
Culturally Based, Family-Centered Mental Health Promotion for Indigenous Youth 129
Conclusion 132
References 133
7. Psychological Consequences of Parental Migration
for Left-Behind Children
Y. ZHENG
Left-Behind Children: The Origin and Scope of the Phenomenon 141
Education of Left-Behind Children 144
Psychological Wellbeing of Left-Behind Children 146
Implications for Future Policy Improvement and Research Directions 152
References 154
III
INTERVENTIONS AND TREATMENTS
8. Mental Health Literacy for Students and Teachers: A “School
Friendly” Approach
S. KUTCHER, Y. WEI AND M. HASHISH
Health Literacy and Mental Health Literacy: An Introduction 161
Canadian Approaches to School Friendly Mental Health Literacy 165
Discussions and Conclusions 168
References 170
viii CONTENTS
9. Transforming Cultures for the Mental Health Care of
Young People: The Service Reform Imperative
P. MCGORRY AND S. GOLDSTONE
Introduction 173
A New Approach to Mental Health Care for Young People 175
Promoting Accessible, Appropriate, and Acceptable Care 176
Developing New Service Models for Young People 177
References 182
10. Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions: Current
Perspectives and Clinical Strategies
D.J. HAWES AND J. ALLEN
Introduction 185
Theoretical Perspectives on Parenting and Child Psychopathology 185
Key Issues in the Planning and Delivering of Parenting Interventions 188
Parenting Programs and Externalizing Problems 195
Parenting Interventions for Internalizing Problems 198
Conclusions 200
References 200
11. Psychopharmacological Treatment for Depression in
Children and Adolescents: Promoting Recovery and Resilience
M.R. CHAPMAN, J.L. HUGHES, B.D. KENNARD, T.L. MAYES AND G.J. EMSLIE
Introduction 205
Setting the Stage 207
Systematic Approach to Treatment of Depression in Youth 213
Promoting Wellness and Positive Mental Health 221
Conclusions 224
References 225
12. Treatment of Eating Disorders in Children
and Adolescents
J. DERENNE AND J. LOCK
Introduction 237
Etiology 238
Comorbidity 239
Medical Complications 240
Natural History 242
Treatment Approaches and Evidence Base 243
Service and Policy Implications 254
Conclusions 255
References 255
CONTENTS ix
13. Seclusion in the Management of Highly Disturbed
Children and Adolescents
M. YURTBASI, G.A. MELVIN AND M.S. GORDON
Defining Seclusion 262
Prevalence of Seclusion 264
Reasons for Seclusion 264
Identifying Factors Associated with Seclusion 265
Ethical Issues of Seclusion 273
The Efficacy of Seclusion 274
Specific and General Seclusion Reduction Interventions 275
The Use of Legislation and Policy 276
Promoting Change 277
Conclusions 278
References 278
Index 283