Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study Port Angeles, WA Sampling and Analysis Plan

427 Pages·2008·12.12 MB·English

Port Angeles Harbor
Sediment Characterization Study
Port Angeles, WA

Sampling and Analysis Plan

FINAL

Prepared for

Washington State Department of Ecology
Toxics Cleanup Program
300 Desmond Drive
Lacey, Washington 98504

Contract No. C0700036
Work Assignment No. EANE020

June 26, 2008

Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................1
2.0 BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 HARBOR DESCRIPTION..........................................................................................................................3
2.2 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS...................................................................................................................3
2.3 STUDY OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE............................................................................................................4
2.3.1 Harbor-wide Investigation......................................................................................................4
2.3.2 Rayonier Area Investigation...................................................................................................5
3.0 PROJECT MANAGEMENT.....................................................................................................................13
3.1 PROJECT TEAM AND RESPONSIBILITIES...............................................................................................13
3.1.1 Project Planning and Coordination.......................................................................................13
3.1.2 Sample Collection................................................................................................................13
3.1.3 Laboratory Sample Preparation and Analysis......................................................................13
3.1.4 QA/QC Management............................................................................................................13
3.1.5 Health and Safety Manager..................................................................................................14
3.1.6 Subcontractor Support..........................................................................................................14
3.2 SCHEDULE...........................................................................................................................................16
4.0 STUDY DESIGN.........................................................................................................................................17
4.1 HARBOR-WIDE INVESTIGATION STUDY DESIGN..................................................................................19
4.1.1 Surface Sediment Samples...................................................................................................19
4.1.2 Subsurface Sediment Cores..................................................................................................20
4.1.2.1 Depositional Area Cores........................................................................................20
4.1.2.2 Radioisotope Dating Cores....................................................................................20
4.1.2.3 Wood-waste Cores.................................................................................................21
4.1.3 Sediment Toxicity Bioassays...............................................................................................21
4.1.4 Tissue Samples.....................................................................................................................22
4.2 RAYONIER AREA INVESTIGATION STUDY DESIGN...............................................................................37
4.2.1 Surface Sediment Samples...................................................................................................37
4.2.2 Subsurface Sediment Cores..................................................................................................37
4.2.2.1 Cores at or near Ennis Creek..................................................................................37
4.2.2.2 Nearshore Outfalls.................................................................................................38
4.2.2.3 Deepwater Outfalls................................................................................................38
4.2.2.4 Log Pond and Mill Dock Cores.............................................................................38
4.2.3 Sediment Toxicity Bioassays...............................................................................................38
4.2.4 Tissue Samples.....................................................................................................................39
5.0 SAMPLING AND HANDLING METHODS............................................................................................71
5.1 SAMPLING PLATFORMS.......................................................................................................................71
5.2 STATION POSITIONING AND NAVIGATION...........................................................................................71
5.3 SEDIMENT SAMPLE COLLECTION........................................................................................................72
5.3.1 Surface Sediment Samples...................................................................................................72
5.3.2 Subsurface Sediment Collection...........................................................................................74
5.3.3 Radioisotope Cores..............................................................................................................77
5.4 TISSUE SAMPLES.................................................................................................................................77
5.5 SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION, CONTAINERS, AND LABELS........................................................................78
5.6 SAMPLE STORAGE AND DELIVERY......................................................................................................79
5.7 FIELD DOCUMENTATION.....................................................................................................................80
5.7.1 Field Notebooks...................................................................................................................81
5.7.2 Chain of Custody Procedures...............................................................................................81
June 26, 2008 iii FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
5.8 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES...................................................................................82
5.9 WASTE DISPOSAL................................................................................................................................82
5.9.1 Sediment Sample/Sediment Core.........................................................................................82
5.9.2 Equipment Decontamination Fluids.....................................................................................82
5.9.3 Disposable Protective Clothing and Sampling Equipment...................................................82
6.0 LABORATORY METHODS.....................................................................................................................85
6.1 CHEMICAL ANALYSES.........................................................................................................................85
6.2 BIOASSAY ANALYSES..........................................................................................................................95
6.2.1 Amphipod Mortality Bioassay.............................................................................................96
6.2.2 Larval Development Bioassay..............................................................................................97
6.2.3 Juvenile Polychaete Growth Bioassay..................................................................................97
6.2.4 Full-Spectrum Lighting........................................................................................................98
6.2.5 Bioassay Interpretation.........................................................................................................99
6.3 RADIOISOTOPE ANALYSES................................................................................................................100
7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN..........................................................................................101
7.1 MEASUREMENTS OF DATA QUALITY.................................................................................................101
7.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL FOR CHEMISTRY SEDIMENT SAMPLES....................102
7.2.1 Laboratory QA/QC for Chemical Sediment Sample..........................................................102
7.2.1.1 Laboratory Method Blanks..................................................................................102
7.2.1.2 Surrogate Standards.............................................................................................103
7.2.1.3 Laboratory Control Sample..................................................................................103
7.2.1.4 Matrix Spike Sample............................................................................................103
7.2.1.5 Matrix Spike Duplicate Sample...........................................................................104
7.2.1.6 Other Laboratory QC Samples.............................................................................104
7.2.1.7 Performance Evaluation Samples........................................................................104
7.3 BIOASSAY TESTING QA/QC FOR SEDIMENT SAMPLES......................................................................104
7.3.1 Negative Control................................................................................................................104
7.3.2 Reference Sediment............................................................................................................105
7.3.3 Laboratory Replication.......................................................................................................105
7.3.4 Bioassay Water Quality......................................................................................................105
7.4 DATA VALIDATION...........................................................................................................................106
8.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORTING..................................................................................................109
8.1 ANALYSIS OF SURFACE SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY DATA......................................................................109
8.2 SUBSURFACE SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY................................................................................................109
8.3 RADIOISOTOPE DATING.....................................................................................................................109
8.4 FINGERPRINTING ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENT DATA..............................................................................110
8.5 CURRENT AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT DATA....................................................................................110
8.6 ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL DATA......................................................................................................111
8.7 TISSUE RESIDUE CHEMISTRY............................................................................................................111
8.8 SEDIMENT INVESTIGATION REPORT..................................................................................................111
8.9 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT....................................................................112
9.0 REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................113

June 26, 2008 iv FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
List of Tables

Table 4-1 Harbor-wide Areas of Concern.................................................................................17
Table 4-2 Rayonier Area Investigation Areas of Concern........................................................18
Table 4-3 Sample Location Summary for Harbor-wide Study.................................................23
Table 4-4 Sample Rationale Summary for Harbor-wide Investigation.....................................30
Table 4-5 Sample Location Summary for Rayonier Area Investigation...................................40
Table 4-6 Sample Rationale Summary for Rayonier Area Investigation..................................46
Table 5-1 Sample Analyses Summary......................................................................................83
Table 6-1 Sediment SMS Analyte List Summary.....................................................................86
Table 6-2 Sediment non-SMS Analyte List Summary..............................................................89
Table 6-3 Tissue Analyte List Summary...................................................................................92
Table 6-4 Bioassay Suite Summary..........................................................................................96
Table 6-5 Photo-activated PAH Compounds............................................................................98
Table 6-6 SMS Biological Effect Criteria.................................................................................99
Table 7-1 Water Quality Requirements for Bioassay Tests....................................................105

List of Figures

Figure 2-1 Port Angeles Harbor Vicinity Study Area..................................................................7
Figure 2-2 Summary of Historical Samples that exceed SMS or NOAA sediment criteria........9
Figure 2-3 Rayonier Study Area.................................................................................................11
Figure 4-1 Areas of Concern and Proposed Sampling Locations in Port Angeles Harbor........51
Figure 4-2 Proposed Sampling Locations Identified..................................................................53
Figure 4-2a Former Rayonier Mill Study Area Proposed Sample Locations..............................55
Figure 4-3 Harbor-wide Sample Locations for Surface Sediment Chemistry............................57
Figure 4-4 Eastern Intertidal Sample Locations.........................................................................59
Figure 4-5 Reference Sample Locations in Dungeness Bay......................................................61
Figure 4-6 Harbor-wide Sample Locations for Core Samples...................................................63
Figure 4-7 Harbor-wide Sample Locations for Sediment Bioassays and Initial Sediment
Chemistry..................................................................................................................65
Figure 4-8 Harbor-wide Sample Locations for Tissue Samples.................................................67
Figure 4-9 Rayonier Area Investigation Sample Locations.......................................................69

Appendices

Appendix A Health and Safety Plan
Appendix B Sample Forms
Appendix C Standard Operating Procedures
Appendix D Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment Plan
Appendix E Sediment Transport Analysis Implementation Plan
Appendix F Current Meter Study Plan
Appendix G Cultural Resource Monitoring Protocol
June 26, 2008 v FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP

This page intentionally left blank.
June 26, 2008 vi FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
List of Acronyms

Be7 beryllium-7
CDD chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
CDF chlorinated dibenzofuran
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
cm centimeter
Cs137 cesium-137
COC chain of custody
COPC chemical of potential concern
CRI Color Rendering Index
CSL Contaminant Screening Level
CSO combined sewer outfall
CWA Clean Water Act
DGPS Differential Global Positioning System
Dpm disintegrations per minute
DQO data quality objective
ECOLOGY Washington State Department of Ecology
EDD electronic data deliverable
E & E Ecology & Environment, Inc.
EIM Environmental Information Management System
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
ERA ecological risk assessment
ERL Effects Range Low
ERM Effects Range Median
ESI Expanded Site Investigation
ft feet
FM field manager
GCMS gas chromatography mass spectroscopy
GPM Government Project Manager
HARBOR Port Angeles Harbor
HASP Health and Safety Plan
HCID hydrocarbon identification
Hg mercury
HHRA human health risk assessment
HPAH high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
HxCB hexachlorobiphenyl
HxCDD hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
HxCDF hexachlorodibenzofuran
HpCB heptachlorobiphenyl
HpCDD heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
HpCDF heptachlorodibenzofuran
ICP inductively-coupled plasma
ICS interference check standard
June 26, 2008 vii FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
IDW investigative-derived waste
In inch
km kilometer
LCS/LCSD laboratory control sample/laboratory control sample duplicate
LEKT Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe
LPAH low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
m meter
m2 square meters
MDL method detection limit
MLLW Mean Lower Low Water
MRI Marine Remedial Investigation
MSMP Marine Sediment Monitoring Program
MS/MSD matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate
MTCA Model Toxics Control Act
NAD 83 North American Datum of 1983
NELAP National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NWTPH northwest total petroleum hydrocarbon
OC organic carbon
OCDD octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
OCDF octachlorodibenzofuran
oz ounce
PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
PARCC precision, accuracy, representativeness, completeness, and comparability
Pb210 lead-210
PBT Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic Chemical
PCB polychlorinated biphenyl
PE performance evaluation
PeCB pentachlorobiphenyl
PeCDD pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
PeCDF pentachlorodibenzofuran
PLP Potential Liable Party
PM project manager
PQL Practical Quantitation Limit
PPE personal protective equipment
PSEP Puget Sound Estuary Program
QA/QC quality assurance/quality control
QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan
RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
RL Reporting Limit
RPD relative percent differences
SAP Sampling and Analysis Plan
SEDQUAL sediment quality (database)
SIR Sediment Investigation Report
SMS Sediment Management Standards
SOPs Standard Operating Procedures
June 26, 2008 viii FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP
SQS Sediment Quality Standard
SVOC semi-volatile organic compound
SMARM Sediment Management Annual Review Meeting
TBT tributyltin
TCDD tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TCDF tetrachlorodibenzofuran
TDL target detection limit
TeCB tetrachlorobiphenyl
TEF toxic equivalent factors
TEQ total toxic equivalent concentration
TOC total organic carbon
TPH total petroleum hydrocarbons
USCS Unified Soil Classification System
UST underground storage tank
UV ultraviolet
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System
WAC (State of) Washington Administration Code
WHO World Health Organization
June 26, 2008 ix FINAL
Final Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Characterization Study SAP/QAPP

This page intentionally left blank.
June 26, 2008 x FINAL