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Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology An-Hui Lu Sheng Dai Editors Porous Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology Series editors Prof. Liang-Nian He State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China Prof. Robin D. Rogers Department of Chemistry, Center for Green Manufacturing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA Prof. Dangsheng Su Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China and Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany Prof. Pietro Tundo Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy Prof. Z. Conrad Zhang Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/11661 Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology Aims and Scope The series Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology aims to present cutting-edge research and important advances in green chemistry, green chemical engineering and sustainable industrial technology. The scope of coverage includes (but is not limited to): – Environmentally benign chemical synthesis and processes (green catalysis, green solvents and reagents, atom-economy synthetic methods etc.) – Green chemicals and energy produced from renewable resources (biomass, carbon dioxide etc.) – Novel materials and technologies for energy production and storage (biofuels and bioenergies, hydrogen, fuel cells, solar cells, lithium-ion batteries etc.) – Green chemical engineering processes (process integration, materials diversity, energy saving, waste minimization, efficient separation processes etc.) – Green technologies for environmental sustainability (carbon dioxide capture, waste and harmful chemicals treatment, pollution prevention, environmental redemption etc.) The series Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology is intended to provide an accessible reference resource for postgraduate students, academic researchers and industrial professionals who are interested in green chemistry and technologies for sustainable development. An-Hui Lu · Sheng Dai Editors Porous Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture 1 3 Editors An-Hui Lu Sheng Dai State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Oak Ridge National Laboratory School of Chemical Engineering Chemical Sciences Division Dalian University of Technology Oak Ridge, TN Dalian USA China ISSN 2196-6982 ISSN 2196-6990 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-642-54645-7 ISBN 978-3-642-54646-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-54646-4 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014936432 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 This work is subject to copyright. 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Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface Carbon capture and storage (CCS) and potentially carbon capture and utilization (CCU) have received increasing attention from both the scientific community and industry during the past several decades, because day-to-day carbon dioxide (CO) 2 emissions arising from fossil fuel combustion may cause detrimental changes to the earth’s environment. To reach the CCS and CCU goals, the primary step is CO 2 capture, through which CO is separated from gas mixtures. CO also represents a 2 2 ubiquitous, renewable carbon source that enables the production of methanol and dimethyl ether and efficient alternative transportation fuels, as well as their various derived products. Furthermore, sequestration of low-partial-pressure CO from an 2 enclosed space is of importance in life-support systems for submarines and space vehicles. Hence, the selective capture and separation of CO in an economical, 2 energy-efficient fashion is of positive significance not only in terms of academic interest but also to social and economic progress. Compared with liquid phase ammonia scrubbing, adsorption processes based on porous solids are considered to be a promising alternative separation technique because of their low energy con- sumption, ease of regeneration, and superior cycling capability. The critical factor in these processes is the design and synthesis of high-performance sorbents. With rapid developments in novel sorbent materials, CO capture-based sorption, sepa- 2 ration, and purification have become more and more dominant for carbon capture. In view of their past, current, and potential future importance, it is time to assem- ble key achievements in relevant aspects of CO capture materials and methods 2 that underpin progress in this field. The book Porous Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture is aimed at providing researchers with the most pertinent and up-to-date advances related to the fields of porous materials design and fabrication and subsequent evaluation in innova- tive cyclic CO adsorption processes, with special emphasis on uncovering the 2 relationships between structural characteristics and CO capture performance. The 2 book is divided into seven chapters that provide a resume of the current state of knowledge of porous CO capture materials, which include ionic liquid-derived 2 carbonaceous adsorbents, porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, microporous organic polymers, sorption techniques such as cyclic calcination and carbonation reactions, and membrane separations. The main benefit of the book is that it highlights the synthesis principles, advanced characterization methods, and structural merits of most of the advanced v vi Preface CO capture solids and presents some of the most important CO separation 2 2 methods and related computational simulations. It may serve as a self-contained major reference that appeals to scientists and researchers. The book can be used in the classroom for graduate students who focus on CO separation processes. 2 The material in this book will also benefit engineers active in the research and development of CO capture technologies. 2 January 2014 An-Hui Lu Sheng Dai Contents 1 Ionic Liquid-Derived Carbonaceous Adsorbents for CO Capture ............................................ 1 2 Xiang Zhu, Chi-Linh Do-Thanh and Sheng Dai 2 Porous Carbons for Carbon Dioxide Capture .................... 15 An-Hui Lu, Guang-Ping Hao and Xiang-Qian Zhang 3 Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for CO Capture ............. 79 2 Hui Yang and Jian-Rong Li 4 Carbon Dioxide Capture in Porous Aromatic Frameworks ......... 115 Teng Ben and Shilun Qiu 5 Microporous Organic Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Capture ....... 143 Yali Luo and Bien Tan 6 CO Capture via Cyclic Calcination and 2 Carbonation Reactions ....................................... 181 Marcin Broda, Roberta Pacciani and Christoph R. Müller 7 Functionalized Inorganic Membranes for High-Temperature CO/N Separation .......................... 223 2 2 Mayur Ostwal and J. Douglas Way vii Contributors Teng Ben Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China Marcin Broda Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland Sheng Dai Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Chi-Linh Do-Thanh Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Divi- sion, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Guang-Ping Hao State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People’s Republic of China Jian-Rong Li Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China An-Hui Lu State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People’s Republic of China Yali Luo Department of Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Tech- nology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Christoph R. Müller Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Z urich, Zürich , Switzerland Mayur Ostwal Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Roberta Pacciani Air Products and Chemicals, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain Shilun Qiu State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China Bien Tan Department of Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China ix x Contributors J. Douglas Way Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA Hui Yang Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Xiang-Qian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People’s Republic of China Xiang Zhu Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA