Pope v. state : the medieval Catholic Church as an international governmental organization PDF
Preview Pope v. state : the medieval Catholic Church as an international governmental organization
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/popevstatemedievOOeage Pope V. State: The Medieval Catholic Church as an International Governmental Organization A SeniorHonorsThesis in theDepartmentofHistory SweetBriarCollege Elizabeth K.C. Eager DefendedandApprovedApril 20, 2005 Dr. Laufenbergg--TThheessiiss ProjectFacultyAdvisor-May6, 2005 L^^fe^— N Dr. Brister-May6,2005 (W^ fl^£^^ ^ r. Stegmaier-May6, 2005 Contents Introduction 1 Case I: Holy Roman EmperorHenry IV andPope GregoryVII 19 Case II: KingJohn ofEngland andPope Innocent III 35 Case III: KingPhiliptheFairofFrance andPope BonifaceIII 51 Conclusion 70 Appendix A: Documents fromCase1 76 Appendix B: Documents from Case II 85 Appendix C: Documents fromCaseIII 95 Bibliography 103 Introduction The conflicts between the medieval Catholic Church, more specifically, medieval popes, and the European monarchs of the Middle Ages resulted in sovereignty disputes between church and state. The object of this thesis is to understand the nature of these power struggles and to demonstrate that the medieval Church functioned in many ways like aprototype IGO. In ordertodo this, an analogy will be drawn between the medieval Church and modern international governmental organizations, specifically the United Nations. The nature ofthe powerofthese twoentities, andthe struggles in application of their power, are similar in many ways. The goal ofthis project is to make church-state conflict, as well as the major figures in these episodes, more accessible. By using this IGO model, the medieval Church, as well as papal and monarchical policies and power, can be betterunderstoodbythemodern reader. Both the medieval church and IGOs have very ideological bases of power. For the Church, the Bible, as well as Church doctrines andcannons, establishedthe Church's claims to authority. For example, the Petrine doctrine, promulgated in the mid-fifth century, claimed that the Roman pontiff was the successor of Saint Peter, and that Peter was designated by Christ to be the head of the Church on earth.1 Also, the doctrine of plenitudo potestatis, meaning plenitude of power, was developed during the medieval 1 ThePetrineDoctrinequotestheaccountgivenintheGospels. AccordingtoScripture, whenJesusasked PeterwhohethoughtJesuswas,PeteransweredthatHewastheSonofGod. Jesus' replytothisbecamea foundational doctrineofthe Catholic Church: "And I say to thee, that thou art Peter, and upon thisrock will I build Mychurch, and the gatesofHades shall not prevail against it. AndI will give unto thee the keysofthekingdomsofheaven. And whatsoeverthou shall bindonearth, shall bebound inheaven; and whatsoever thou shall loose on earth, shall be loosed also in heaven." Mathew 16:18, New King James Version.
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