Polyurethane Sealants: Technology & Applications

199 Pages·1993·114.91 MB·\199

by  Robert M. Evans (Author)

POLYURETHANE SEALANTS
HOW 10 ORDER THIS BOOK
BY PHONE 800·233·9936 or 717·291·5609, 8AM-5PM Eastern Time
BY FAX: 717· 295·4538
BY MAIL Order Department
Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
851 New Holland Avenue, Box 3535
Lancaster, PA 17604, U.S.A.
BY CREDIT CARD American Express, VISA, MasterCard
PERMISSION 10 PHOTOCOPY-POLICY STATEMENT
Authorization to photocopy ~ems lor 1nternal or personal use. or the 1ntarnal or personal use
d specific dients, IS granted ll'f Technomic Publishing Co., Inc. provided that the base tee
d US $3.00 per copy, plus US S .25 per page 1s paid direc:tty to Copynght Clearance
Center, '0 Congress St .. Salem, MA 01970, USA. For those organizalions that hiMI been
granted a photocopy license ll'f CCC, a separate system d payment has been arranged.
The tee code tor users d the TransactJonaf Reporting Service is D-87762193 $5.00 + S .25.
Polyurethane
Sealants
TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
Robert M. Evans, Ph.D., FASTM
0
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Polyurethane Sealants
a TECHNOMIC• publication
PublishM in IM Jltost~m HrmupMr~ by
Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
851 New Holland Avenue, Box 3535
Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604 U.S.A.
DistributM ill IM R~st oft h' Mbrld by
Technomic Publishing AG
Missionsstrasse 44
CH-4055 Basel, Switzerland
Copyright© 1993 by Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Main entry under title:
Polyurdhane Sealants: Thchnology and Applications
A Technomic Publishing Company book
Bibliography: p.
Includes index p. 185
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 93-60364
ISBN No. 0-87762-998-6
To my wife, Sylvia
Without her "noodging•this book would never have been .finished.
Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group
http://taylorandfrancis.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
/Jcknowledgements xi
Chapter 1. Urethane Construction Sealants . . . . .......1
1. 1 Introduction 1
1.2 Market Data 1
1.3 Defining Movement Capability 3
1.4 Specifications 6
1.5 Generic Types 7
1.6 Test Methods 13
1. 7 Tests for Rheological Properties: Flow Properties 20
1. 8 Airport and Highway Sealants 20
I. 9 References 21
Chapter 2. Prepolymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 The Materials Used to Manufacture Prepolymers 23
2.3 Polyester Polyols 28
2.4 Polymer Polyols 29
2.5 Polyisocyanates 30
2.6 Prepolymer Molecular Weight 35
2. 7 References 47
Chapter 3. Solvents and Plasticizers . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.1 Solvents 49
3.2 Predicting Solvent Effectiveness 51
3. 3 Plasticizers 54
3.4 References 59
Chapter 4. Curing of Sealants ................ 61
4. 1 Introduction 61
4.2 One Component Sealants 61
4.3 Catalysis 65
vii
viii Table of Contents
4.4 Alternatives to NCO Termination for
One Component Sealants 70
4.5 Two Component (2K) Sealants 72
4.6 References 81
Chapter 5. Latent Hardeners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
5.1 Loaded Molecular Sieves 83
5.2 Ketimines 83
5.3 Oxazolidine Cures 89
5.4 Enamines 95
5. 5 References 99
Chapter 6. Thlxotropes and Thixotropy . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1
6.1 Introduction 1 01
6.2 Types of Sealant 101
6.3 Rheological Properties 101
6.4 Thixotropes 112
6.5 References 124
Chapter 7. Waterproofing Membranes and
Hydrocarbon Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7. 1 The Concrete Substrate 127
7.2 Specifications for Membranes 130
7. 3 Specifications and Test Methods for
Wclterproofmg Membranes 130
7.4 Tar Modification of Polyurethanes 136
7. 5 Asphalt Modified Membranes 139
7.6 Hydrocarbon Modification 141
7. 7 Polyurethane Wearing Courses for Parking Decks 142
7. 8 References 144
Chapter 8. Automotive Sealants and
Silane Coupling Agents ........... . ...... ... 147
8.1 Introduction 147
8.2 Market Growth 147
8.3 Silane Coupling Agents 147
8.4 Si(OH)1 Termination for Construction Sealants 153
8.5 Test Methods for Automotive Sealants 154
8.6 High Temperature Curing One Component
Seam Sealants 159
8. 7 NCO: Terminated Windshield Sealants 160
8. 8 Improving Adhesion 166
Table of Contents ix
8. 9 Si(OH)J Termination 169
8. 10 Sealants for Direct Glazing of Automobile Windows 172
8. ll Sealants Resisting Heat for Automobile Engines 172
8.12 References 174
Chapter 9. Insulated Glass . . . . . . . . . . .. . .... . . 177
9. 1 Introduction 177
9.2 Specifications: Meeting SpecifiCation Requirements
Is Essential 177
9.3 Sealant Types 179
9.4 Urethane Sealants 180
9.5 Polyisoprene 1-G Sealants 183
9.6 Thermal Break Sealants 184
9.7 References 184
Index 185