Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects

374 Pages·2007·31.907 MB·English

by  Mathew C. Celina and Roger A. Assink (Eds.)

Polymer Durability
and Radiation Effects
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 978
Polymer Durability and
Radiation Effects
Mathew C. Celina, Editor
Sandia National Laboratories
Roger A. Assink, Editor
Sandia National Laboratories
Sponsored by the
Division of Polymer Chemistry, Inc.
American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Polymer durability and radiation effects / Mathew C. Celina, editor, Roger A.
Assink, editor; sponsored by the Division of Polymer Education, Inc.
p. cm. —(ACS symposium series; 978)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8412-6952-1 (alk. paper)
1. Polymers—Effect of radiation on—Congresses. 2. Polymers—Deterioration-
Congresses.
I. Celina, Mathew C. II. Assink, Roger A. III. American Chemical Society. Division
of Polymer Chemistry.
QD381. 9. R3P65 2007
620. 1'9204228—dc22
2007060793
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In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
Foreword
The ACS Symposium Series was first published in 1974 to pro
vide a mechanism for publishing symposia quickly in book form. The
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oped from ACS sponsored symposia based on current scientific re
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In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
Preface
The performance of polymeric materials and the science of polymer
degradation and material reliability are of ever increasing importance for
sustainable global economic development. Many of the challenges we
face require better performing, less costly and more specialized poly
mers ranging from composites and thermo-sets to thermoplastics and
elastomers. Whether they find their way into consumer products, energy
applications, microelectronics, defense areas, or space exploration, the
one commonality is a requirement for improved reliability and the ability
to predict their behavior in a variety of environmental conditions. -
Polymer performance is governed by the polymer's ability to resist
chemical and physical degradation processes under thermal, photo,
radiation, hydrolytic, and biological conditions.
The 27 chapters in this symposium series book provide an overview
of the current research and development trends related to the perfor
mance, degradation, and reliability of polymers. This book is an extract
of the 46 excellent papers presented at the symposium Polymer Perfor
mance and Degradation at the Pacifichem conference held in December
2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii. This symposium expands upon previous
special symposia on radiation effects in polymers that were organized as
part of the Pacifichem conferences held every five years. Despite the
unavoidable progression of established researchers like Clough, George,
Gillen, Hill, Seguchi, and many others into their retirement, there is a
sustained research interest, and it is with great satisfaction that we
continue to witness contributions from new talents entering this field. In
fact, as this book demonstrates, the complexity of this field is broader
than ever before. Once again, it has been a great opportunity for the
Pacific Rim researchers to interact and discuss the latest trends in the
durability, radiation effects, and improved performance of polymers.
Due to the success of the symposium, many presenters inquired about
the possibility of contributing a chapter to a conference proceedings
xi
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
book. We hope that we were able to present here a selection and over
view of the many research activities that were being addressed. Many of
the contributing authors are recognized as experts in their respective
fields and have contributed innovative concepts.
The authors and the editors sincerely hope that this overview will
improve the understanding of the degradative behavior of polymers and
will assist our fellow research and development scientists in their pursuit
of improved materials.
Mathew C. Celina
R&D, Organic Materials Department
Sandia National Laboratories
P.O. Box 5800, MS 1411
Albuquerque, NM 87185
Roger A. Assink
R&D, Organic Materials Department
Sandia National Laboratories
P.O. Box 5800, MS 1411
Albuquerque, NM 87185
xii
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
Polymer Durability
and Radiation Effects
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.
Chapter 1
Reassessing Polymer Lifetime Prediction Methods
with Improved Characterization and Diagnostics
Robert Maxwell1, Sarah Chinn1, Rid Gee1, Bryan Balazs1,
Naida Lacevic1, Julie Herberg1, Erica Gjersing1, Mogon Patel2,
Hilary Wheeler3, and Mark Wilson3
1 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue,
L-235, Livermore, CA 94551
2Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston,
Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
3Honeywell FM&T, Kansas City Plant, 2000 East 95th Street,
Kansas City, MO 64141-6159
A combination of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR1),
Multiple Quantum Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MQ-NMR),
Molecular Dynamics modeling, and traditional mechanical
testing approaches have been used to provide a more scientific
prediction of the aging behaviors of two silica-filled siloxane
polymers. These materials are especially prone to part-to-part
and service condition variabilities, and thus a combination of
non-destructive magnetic resonance techniques and atomistic
modeling has been used to determine physical and chemical
inhomogeneities which are, respectively, already present in the
material and potentially occurring as a result of cavitation
upon applied stress. To elucidate the overall degradation
behavior of the polymers studied and thus add scientific
evidence to their lifetime predictions several different damage
mechanisms (thermal, radiation, and mechanical) have been
studied individually and in combination to elucidate the
overall aging behavior for a variety of service conditions.
Running concurrent to these experimental and modeling
efforts, an analysis has been done to more precisely define the
operational capabilities of the polymers relative to their
requirements, leading to an even more accurate lifetime
prediction capability due to the ability to define performance
margins with their associated uncertainties.
2 © 2008 American Chemical Society
In Polymer Durability and Radiation Effects; Celina, M., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.