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SPRINGER BRIEFS IN PHILOSOPHY Andre Archie Politics in Socrates’ Alcibiades A Philosophical Account of Plato’s Dialogue Alcibiades Major 123 SpringerBriefs in Philosophy More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10082 Andre Archie ’ Politics in Socrates Alcibiades ’ A Philosophical Account of Plato s Dialogue Alcibiades Major 123 Andre Archie Department of Philosophy ColoradoState University FortCollins,CO USA ISSN 2211-4548 ISSN 2211-4556 (electronic) SpringerBriefs inPhilosophy ISBN 978-3-319-15268-4 ISBN 978-3-319-15269-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15269-1 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015932515 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon ©TheAuthor(s)2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerlandispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia (www.springer.com) To my mother Acknowledgments I am grateful for this opportunity to thank Springer’s anonymous readers for the guidance and suggestions given during the process of writing this book. I am especiallygratefultomywife,Eleanora,forherencouragement,wordsofwisdom, and prodding during the times I questioned the entire project. TheJournalHistoryofPoliticalThoughthasgrantedpermissiontoreprintparts of “The Philosophical and Political Structure of Alcibiades Major” vol. XXXII, Issue 2, Summer 2011 and parts of “Listen, Alcibiades” vol. XXIX, Issue 3, Autumn 2008. The Southern Journal of Philosophy has granted permission to reprint parts of “Instances of Decision Theory in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Minor, and in Xenophon’s Memorabilia” vol. XLIV, No. 3, 2006. The Journal of Philosopical Research has granted persmission to reprint parts of “Method and Structure in Plato’s Alcibiades Major” vol. 35, 2010. vii Contents Part I Alcibiades Major and Its Interpretation 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 What the Book’s Argument Seeks to Accomplish . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2 Existing Scholarship. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Plan of the Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2 Method and Structure in Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.1 Stokes’ Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.2 Kidd’s Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.3 Hintikka’s Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Part II Alcibiades Major and Women 3 The Philosophical and Political Structure of Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1 Alcibiades Major and Its Early Interpreters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2 Modern Commentators who take both the Dramatic Features and Educative Value of Alcibiades Major Seriously. . . . . . . . . . 44 3.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4 Listen, Alcibiades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.1 Context: Hypothetical Questions and Arguments and the Spartan and Persian Speech (103a–124b6). . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.2 What the Women Say About Alcibiades’ Challenge to Their Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ix x Contents 4.2.1 Midias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.2.2 The Persian King’s Mother. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4.2.3 Lampido, Daughter of Leotychides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.3 What Modern Commentators Have Said About the Prominent Role of Women in the Spartan and Persian Speech . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.4 Women and Moral Insight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.4.1 Amestris and Moral Insight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.4.2 Lampido and Moral Insight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.4.3 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Part III Alcibiades Major and Political Decisions 5 Instances of Decision Theory in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Minor, and in Xenophon’s Memorabilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 5.1 Decision Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 5.2 Types of Hypothetical Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.3 Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.3.1 The Call of Ambition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.3.2 The Limits of Ambition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.4 Alcibiades Minor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 5.5 Xenophon’s Memorabilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 5.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Part IV Alcibiades Major and Political Priorities 6 Eudaimonia: Happiness and Priorities in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Plato’s Apology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.1 Priorities and the Apology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6.2 Priorities and Alcibiades Major . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Part V Alcibiades Major and Listening Philosophically 7 Listening to Plutarch’s Alcibiades in Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . 103 7.1 Nicander. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7.1.1 Envy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 7.1.2 Admiration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 7.1.3 Non-Rhythmic Listening and Rhythmic Listening . . . . . . 111 Contents xi 7.2 Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 7.2.1 Envy and Alcibiades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 7.2.2 Excessive Admiration, Alcibiades and the Spartan and Persian Speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.2.3 Non-Rhythmic Listening and Rhythmic Listening and Alcibiades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 7.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 8 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Addenda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

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This volume provides the first full, political and philosophically rigorous account of Plato’s dialogue Alcibiades Major. The book argues that Alcibiades Major accomplishes its goal, which is to redirect Alcibiades’ political ambitions, not by arguing for specific propositions based on specific
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SPRINGER BRIEFS IN PHILOSOPHY Andre Archie Politics in Socrates’ Alcibiades A Philosophical Account of Plato’s Dialogue Alcibiades Major 123 SpringerBriefs in Philosophy More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10082 Andre Archie ’ Politics in Socrates Alcibiades ’ A Philosophical Account of Plato s Dialogue Alcibiades Major 123 Andre Archie Department of Philosophy ColoradoState University FortCollins,CO USA ISSN 2211-4548 ISSN 2211-4556 (electronic) SpringerBriefs inPhilosophy ISBN 978-3-319-15268-4 ISBN 978-3-319-15269-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15269-1 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015932515 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon ©TheAuthor(s)2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerlandispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia (www.springer.com) To my mother Acknowledgments I am grateful for this opportunity to thank Springer’s anonymous readers for the guidance and suggestions given during the process of writing this book. I am especiallygratefultomywife,Eleanora,forherencouragement,wordsofwisdom, and prodding during the times I questioned the entire project. TheJournalHistoryofPoliticalThoughthasgrantedpermissiontoreprintparts of “The Philosophical and Political Structure of Alcibiades Major” vol. XXXII, Issue 2, Summer 2011 and parts of “Listen, Alcibiades” vol. XXIX, Issue 3, Autumn 2008. The Southern Journal of Philosophy has granted permission to reprint parts of “Instances of Decision Theory in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Minor, and in Xenophon’s Memorabilia” vol. XLIV, No. 3, 2006. The Journal of Philosopical Research has granted persmission to reprint parts of “Method and Structure in Plato’s Alcibiades Major” vol. 35, 2010. vii Contents Part I Alcibiades Major and Its Interpretation 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 What the Book’s Argument Seeks to Accomplish . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2 Existing Scholarship. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Plan of the Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2 Method and Structure in Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.1 Stokes’ Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.2 Kidd’s Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.3 Hintikka’s Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Part II Alcibiades Major and Women 3 The Philosophical and Political Structure of Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1 Alcibiades Major and Its Early Interpreters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2 Modern Commentators who take both the Dramatic Features and Educative Value of Alcibiades Major Seriously. . . . . . . . . . 44 3.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4 Listen, Alcibiades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.1 Context: Hypothetical Questions and Arguments and the Spartan and Persian Speech (103a–124b6). . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.2 What the Women Say About Alcibiades’ Challenge to Their Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ix x Contents 4.2.1 Midias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.2.2 The Persian King’s Mother. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4.2.3 Lampido, Daughter of Leotychides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.3 What Modern Commentators Have Said About the Prominent Role of Women in the Spartan and Persian Speech . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.4 Women and Moral Insight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.4.1 Amestris and Moral Insight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.4.2 Lampido and Moral Insight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.4.3 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Part III Alcibiades Major and Political Decisions 5 Instances of Decision Theory in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Minor, and in Xenophon’s Memorabilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 5.1 Decision Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 5.2 Types of Hypothetical Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.3 Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.3.1 The Call of Ambition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.3.2 The Limits of Ambition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.4 Alcibiades Minor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 5.5 Xenophon’s Memorabilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 5.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Part IV Alcibiades Major and Political Priorities 6 Eudaimonia: Happiness and Priorities in Plato’s Alcibiades Major and Plato’s Apology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.1 Priorities and the Apology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6.2 Priorities and Alcibiades Major . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Part V Alcibiades Major and Listening Philosophically 7 Listening to Plutarch’s Alcibiades in Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . 103 7.1 Nicander. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7.1.1 Envy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 7.1.2 Admiration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 7.1.3 Non-Rhythmic Listening and Rhythmic Listening . . . . . . 111 Contents xi 7.2 Plato’s Alcibiades Major. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 7.2.1 Envy and Alcibiades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 7.2.2 Excessive Admiration, Alcibiades and the Spartan and Persian Speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.2.3 Non-Rhythmic Listening and Rhythmic Listening and Alcibiades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 7.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 8 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Addenda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Description:
This volume provides the first full, political and philosophically rigorous account of Plato’s dialogue Alcibiades Major. The book argues that Alcibiades Major accomplishes its goal, which is to redirect Alcibiades’ political ambitions, not by arguing for specific propositions based on specific
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