Politics in minutes PDF
Preview Politics in minutes
CONTENTS Title Page Introduction The basics The evolution of politics Government and leadership Hierarchies The Greeks and the city-state Plato: Republic Aristotle: Politics Civil society Human nature Representation Authority and legitimacy; power and accountability Sovereignty The role of religion Political ideologies: left and right Political ideologies: the political spectrum Concepts Political concepts Ancient Greek ideas of justice and liberty Feudalism Humanism and the rise of the nation state Machiavelli and political realism Enlightenment Concept of liberty Positive and negative freedom Concept of justice Equality: of outcome or opportunity? The social contract Political authority Rights: civil and natural Influencing politics Freedom of speech The right to protest Peaceful protest and civil disobedience Violent direct action Revolution Structures and institutions Government by the few Government by the people Bureaucracy Non-governmental organizations Economic policy and taxation Welfare and social policy Constitutions and bills of rights Laws and legislation Law and order Defence and foreign policy Armed forces and intelligence services Local and regional government Decentralization and devolution Federalism Supranational institutions Democracy and democratic institutions Of, by and for the people Suffrage Elections and representation Political parties Electoral systems Republic Presidential government Parliamentary government Bicameral systems Cabinet Separation of powers Conservatism Tradition A ruling class, the right to rule Entitlement and property Authoritarian conservatism Paternalistic conservatism One-nation conservatism Christian democracy Liberal and libertarian conservatism The New Right Liberalism The individual Natural rights Utilitarianism British liberalism The harm principle Toleration US liberalism Small government Constitutionalism Liberal democracy Social Darwinism Social liberalism The ‘invisible hand’ Economic liberalism Neoliberalism Privatization Socialism and communism Equality Rousseau: the general will 18th-and 19th-century revolutions Utopian socialism Community, cooperation and common ownership Marx: philosophy, history Marx: economics, analysis of capitalism Class struggle Marx: politics and the inevitability of socialism Neo-Marxism The New Left State ownership and nationalization Central economic planning Revolutionary socialism Revisionism Reformism, or evolutionary socialism Communism Libertarian socialism Trades unions and the labour movement Social democracy The ‘Third Way’ Communitarianism Anarchism Anti-statism Utopianism Individualist anarchism Anarcho-syndicalism Collectivist anarchism Anarcho-communism Libertarianism and anarcho-capitalism Anarchist revolution Authoritarianism and totalitarianism
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