Politics and Governance in Water Pollution Prevention in China PDF
Preview Politics and Governance in Water Pollution Prevention in China
Liping Dai Politics and Governance in Water Pollution Prevention in China Politics and Development of Contemporary China Series Editors Kevin G. Cai University of Waterloo Renison University College Waterloo, ON, Canada Pan Guang Shanghai Center International Studies Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Shanghai, China Daniel C. Lynch University of Southern California School of International Relations Los Angeles, CA, USA As China’s power grows, the search has begun in earnest for what super- power status will mean for the People’s Republic of China as a nation as well as the impact of its new-found influence on the Asia-Pacific region and the global international order at large. By providing a venue for exciting and ground-breaking titles, the aim of this series is to explore the domestic and international implications of China’s rise and transfor- mation through a number of key areas including politics, development and foreign policy. The series will also give a strong voice to non-western perspectives on China’s rise in order to provide a forum that connects and compares the views of academics from both the east and west reflect- ing the truly international nature of the discipline. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14541 Liping Dai Politics and Governance in Water Pollution Prevention in China Liping Dai Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law Utrecht University Utrecht, The Netherlands Politics and Development of Contemporary China ISBN 978-3-030-02873-2 ISBN 978-3-030-02874-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02874-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018960249 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Pivot imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To my son, Dennis, with love. A cknowledgements This book is based on my Ph.D. project of China’s Water Resource Law in Transition conducted between 2011 and 2015 in Utrecht University, the Netherlands. I wish to express my special gratitude to Professor Marleen van Rijswick and Dr. Andrea Keessen, as my promoter and daily supervisor, respectively, they provide invaluable academic advice and per- sonal encouragement throughout my four-year research at the Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law. It is my privilege to thank my husband, Adrian Butnaru, for his sup- port, understanding and tolerance during the preparation of this book. And to my 9-month old son Dennis, this book would have not been fin- ished without he going to bed early every day. Many thanks also to the Publisher and its editorial staff for the valua- ble support in the realization of this book. vii c ontents 1 Introduction 1 1 Background 1 2 Water Governance 2 3 Structure of This Book 4 References 6 2 Water Quality Knowledge and Water Policy Discourse in China 7 1 Introduction 7 2 Water Quality Knowledge in China 8 3 Policy Discourse for Water Quality Governance in China 9 3.1 Policy Framework of Water Quality Management in China 9 3.2 Legal Framework of Water Quality Management in China 17 4 Implementation 24 5 Conclusion 25 References 25 3 Public Participation in Water Governance in China 27 1 Introduction 27 2 Public Participation in China’s Water-Related Regulatory Framework 28 ix x CONTENTS 2.1 Public Participation in China’s Five-Year Plans 29 2.2 Public Participation in the Basic Laws 31 2.3 Public Participation in the National Administrative Regulations 34 2.4 Public Participation in the Ministerial Regulations 35 3 Conclusion 38 References 38 4 China’s Path to a Green Water Law 41 1 Introduction 41 2 Sustainable Development and Ecosystems Approach 42 2.1 Sustainable Development 42 2.2 Ecosystems Approach 44 3 Sustainable Development and Ecosystems Approach in China’s Water Law and Policy 45 3.1 Sustainable Development in China’s Domestic Water Law and Policy 45 3.2 The Ecosystems Approach in China’s Domestic Water Law and Policy 47 4 Institutional Reform Towards China’s Green Path 50 5 Conclusion 51 References 52 5 Exploring China’s Approach to Implementing ‘Eco-Compensation’ Schemes—The Lake Tai Watershed as a Case Study 55 1 Introduction 55 2 Eco-Compensation in China 56 3 Eco-Compensation in the Lake Tai Watershed 57 3.1 Eco-Compensation Between Governments 58 3.2 Eco-Compensation Between Governments and Farmers 59 3.3 Eco-Compensation Between Governments and Industry 60 3.4 Eco-Compensation Among Industries 62 4 Discussion 63 5 Conclusion 66 References 66 CONTENTS xi 6 Implementing the Water Goals—The River Chief Mechanism in China 69 1 Introduction 69 2 The River Chief Mechanism 70 3 Rationale Behind and Evaluation Tools of the River Chief Mechanism 71 3.1 Rationale Behind the River Chief Mechanism 71 3.2 Evaluation Tools of the River Chief Mechanism 74 4 Strengths and Weaknesses of the River Chief Mechanism 75 4.1 Strengths of the River Chief Mechanism 76 4.2 Weaknesses of the River Chief Mechanism 77 5 Conclusion 78 References 79 7 Summary and Conclusion 81 1 Introduction 81 2 Reflections on and a Synthesis of the Findings 82 2.1 The Content of Water Governance in China 82 2.2 The Organization of Water Governance in China 83 2.3 The Implementation of Water Governance in China 84 3 Conclusion 84 Index 85
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