Political Communication in Europe: The Cultural and Structural Limits of the European Public Sphere PDF
Preview Political Communication in Europe: The Cultural and Structural Limits of the European Public Sphere
Political Communication in Europe This page intentionally left blank Political Communication in Europe The Cultural and Structural Limits of the European Public Sphere Francisco Seoane Pérez AssistantProfessorinPoliticalCommunication,UniversidaddeCastilla-La Mancha,Spain ©FranciscoSeoanePérez2013 Softcoverreprintofthehardcover1stedition2013978-1-137-30512-1 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedhisrighttobeidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2013by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-45472-3 ISBN 978-1-137-30513-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137305138 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. To my Mother, María del Carmen Pérez Pérez (21 March 1950–24 April 2008), in loving memory This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofFigures viii Acknowledgements ix Introduction 1 1 TheTrueDeficitsoftheEuropeanPublicSphere: DomesticisationandPoliticisation 12 2 TheAntipopularBiasofIntegrationbyStealth 35 3 GoverningtheEU:ConsensusDiplomacyand AssociativeCorporatism 56 4 The“NoDemos”Conundrum 80 5 ExplainingtheDomesticisationDeficit 102 6 ExplainingthePoliticisationDeficit 159 7 Conclusions 197 MethodologicalAppendices 210 Notes 260 Bibliography 264 Index 280 vii Figures 1 TheYorkshirePost:Frequencyofdomesticisationframes 220 2 LaVozdeGalicia:Frequencyofdomesticisationframes 221 3 TheYorkshirePost:Frequencyofpoliticisationframes 222 4 LaVozdeGalicia:Frequencyofpoliticisationframes 223 5 TheYorkshirePost:Percentageofarticlesbygenre 224 6 LaVozdeGalicia:Percentageofarticlesbygenre 225 7 TheYorkshirePost:Percentageofarticlesbytopic 226 8 LaVozdeGalicia:Percentageofarticlesbytopic 227 9 TheYorkshirePost:Input/outputclaimsinarticles 228 10 LaVozdeGalicia:Input/outputclaimsinarticles 229 11 FrequencyofsourcescitedbyTheYorkshirePost 230 12 FrequencyofsourcescitedbyLaVozdeGalicia 231 13 NetworkgraphofsourcescitedbyTheYorkshirePost (weightededges) 232 14 NetworkgraphofsourcescitedbyLaVozdeGalicia (weightededges) 233 15 NetworkgraphofsourcescitedbyTheYorkshirePost (eigenvectorandbetweennesscentrality) 234 16 NetworkgraphofsourcescitedbyLaVozdeGalicia (eigenvectorandbetweennesscentrality) 235 viii Acknowledgements Journalists who become academics often try to hide their origins as reporters. In the popular, but also in the scholarly, mind, journalism is synonymous with sloppiness, oversimplification and sensational- ism. Few know, as Rolf Lindner reveals in his masterful biography of journalist-cum-sociologist Robert E. Park (The reportage of urban cul- ture,CambridgeUniversityPress,1996),thaturbansociology(and,one wouldadd,socialanthropology)owesmuchtothecraftofjournalism. IdonotmindsayingthatIhavebeenajournalistandthat,verymuch like the father of the Chicago School of Sociology, I somehow keep on doingjournalismwhileattemptingsociologicalresearch.Thisbookisa workofpoliticalanthropologycarriedoutinaveryjournalisticfashion, through interviews, observations and simple statistical analysis of doc- uments. It tries to explain why the European Union (EU) is so distant and bureaucratic, and whether a putative “communications deficit” is inanywayresponsibleforsuchremotenessandapoliticalcharacter. To my surprise, many of the answers to these problems were not to befoundintheliteratureofmasscommunications,butintheacquisof Europeanintegrationstudies.Foranewcomertointernationalrelations andEuropeanintegrationtheory,ithasbeenagreatadvantage,aswell as a great honour, to have conducted this research under the guidance ofProfessorJulietLodge,whosescholarlyworkhasdealt,precisely,with issues like the transparency and legitimacy of European institutions. During the course of my investigation, I have also enjoyed the valu- able advice of Dr Myria Georgiou, who encouragedme to write a book I would like myself to read, and Dr Robin Brown, with whom I have enjoyed discussing the contemporary relevance of neofunctionalism andCarlSchmitt.DrKatharineSarikakisdeservesaspecialmentiontoo, asmyassistantshiptohereditedpublication,theInternationalJournalof MediaandCulturalPolitics,hasbeenanuncannylearningground. In this research, I have crawled up the network of EU political actorsfromtwocontrastingregions–EuroscepticYorkshireandpro-EU Galicia – to the EU’s capital, Brussels, by way of the regions’ respective national capitals, London and Madrid. In most cases, my interviewees have spoken on condition of confidentiality, so I cannot acknowledge thembyname.ButIdothankallofthemfortheirtimeandcooperation. ix
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