Poetry and Allegiance in the English Civil Wars PDF
Preview Poetry and Allegiance in the English Civil Wars
POETRY AND ALLEGIANCE IN THE ENGLISH CIVIL WARS TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Poetry and Allegiance in the English Civil Wars Marvell and the Cause of Wit NICHOLAS MCDOWELL 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,OxfordOX26DP OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwidein Oxford NewYork Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto Withofficesin Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress intheUKandincertainothercountries PublishedintheUnitedStates byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork ©NicholasMcDowell2008 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker) Firstpublished2008 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress, orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate reprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment, OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover andyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData McDowell,Nicholas,1973– PoetryandallegianceintheEnglishcivilwars:Marvellandthecauseofwit/NicholasMcdowell. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978–0–19–927800–8 1. Englishpoetry–Earlymodern,1500–1700–Historyandcriticism. 2. GreatBritain–History–CivilWar,1642–1649–Literatureandthewar. 3. Allegianceinliterature. 4. Marvell,Andrew,1621–1678–Friendsandassociates. 5. Lovelace,Richard,1618–1658–Friendsandassociates. 6. Hall,John, 1627–1656–Friendsandassociates. 7. Warandliterature–GreatBritain–History–17thcentury. 8. Politicsandliterature–GreatBritain–History–17thcentury. I. Title. PR545.C56M33 2008 (cid:1) 821.409358–dc22 2008021766 TypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,India PrintedinGreatBritain onacid-freepaperby BiddlesLtd.,King’sLynn,Norfolk ISBN 978–0–19–927800–8 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 ToSallyandRowan The more important affinity with Marvell and his contemporaries is the gifted group of recent Ulster poets...they write out of an imagination of civil war...when Marvell and his contemporaries, like the Ulster poets of the last ten years, were so wittily serious and resourceful with the self- infolded simile, they were at once recognizing and resisting the perverse infoldingsanddivisions,surmountingthemwithresilientparadox. (ChristopherRicks,1978) Acknowledgements Someoftheresearchforthisbookwasfacilitatedbyaresearchleaveawardfrom theArtsandHumanitiesResearchCouncilin2004–5.AsIwascompletingthe book I was awarded a 2007 Philip Leverhulme Prize by the Leverhulme Trust: this truly generous award gave me the time to make some last-minute changes withouthavingtoworryabouttheprogressofotherprojects.TheseedsofPoetry andAllegianceintheEnglishCivilWarswereplantedduringtutorialswithNigel SmithinOxfordin1995–6anditcouldhardlyhavebeenwrittenwithouteither therichannotationofhis2003editionofMarvell’spoetryorhissupportofmy work,bothinOxfordandfromPrinceton.Nigelalsomadeavailableearlydrafts of several chapters of his forthcoming biography of Marvell. Blair Worden sent me sections of his Literature and Politics in Cromwellian England in manuscript atacrucialtimeandofferedweightywordsofencouragementformyapproach. Others from whose conversation I have benefited, whether they realized it or not, or who have sent me their work or relevant information include Gordon Campbell, John Coffey, Ruth Connelly, Tom Corns, John Creaser, David Cunnington, John Kerrigan, Tom Keymer, Andrew King, Rhodri Lewis, Colin MacCabe, John McWilliams, Will Poole (although the hospitality of his con- ferences in 2005–7 did not do me any short-term good), Richard Serjeantson, GeorgeSouthcombe,andNoelSugimora.MycolleaguesworkingintheDepart- mentofEnglishatExeterhavemadeiteasiertowritethisbookbothbyhelping tomakeExeterapleasantplacetoworkandbyofferingmorespecificassistance. Thanks in particular to Karen Edwards for sharing some of her work, Andrew McRae for reading several chapters, and Rick Rylance for helping me with my application for research funding. My parents, Brian and Margaret, have been staunchlysupportiveofmyefforts,astheyhavealwaysbeen.AnthonyandHelen Faulkner also deserve thanks for their acts of kindness in recent years. Sally Faulkner almost appears last in my acknowledgements again, but this time she alsocomesfirstasthebookisdedicatedtoher;andalsotooursonRowan,who arrived during the last year of writing. His arrival may not have expedited the completion of the book, but then he constantly reminds us that the world will notgothefasterforourdriving. TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Contents NoteonTexts/Abbreviations x Introduction:MarvellandFriends 1 1. SocialContextsofMarvell’sLyricVerse,1646–1648 13 ThomasStanley,CavalierPoetics,andtheOrderoftheBlackRiband 13 ‘ToHisCoyMistress’andtheOrderoftheBlackRiband 31 2. Milton,JohnHall,andCulturalCommunitiesinPost-WarLondon, 1646–1647 53 JohnHall,theStanleyCircle,andtheHartlibNetwork 53 MiltonandtheCavalierMode:‘ToMyFriendMrHenryLawes’ 69 JohnHallandtheMiltonicExample 90 3. RichardLovelaceandtheEndofCourtCulture,1647–1649 112 ‘ToMyWorthyFriendMrPeterLilly’ 112 ‘TheGrasshopper.ToMyNobleFriend,MrCharlesCotton.Ode’ 128 ‘ToLucasta.FromPrison.AnEpode’ 143 4. MarvellandtheEndofCourtCulture,1648–1649 155 Allegiance,Anticlericalism,andtheCavalierEthos 155 AnElegyUpontheDeathofMyLordFrancisVilliersand theCavalierEthos 166 ‘ToHisNobleFriendMrRichardLovelace’andthePoets’Town 179 5. Allegiance,Patronage,andtheReceptionofMarvell’sVerse, 1649–1650 202 Regicide:‘UpontheDeathofLordHastings’and‘The UnfortunateLover’ 202 ‘AnHoratianOdeUponCromwell’sReturnfromIreland’: LightandShade,PoetryandWar 221 ‘AnHoratianOde’:CromwellandtheProtectionofWit 235 ‘AnHoratianOde’anditsReaders:DrydenandCowley 250 Conclusion:‘TomMay’sDeath’andtheAncientRightofthePoet 259 Bibliography 273 Index 288
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