ebook img

Plumbing: Mechanical Services PDF

417 Pages·75.88 MB·English
by  BlowerG J
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Plumbing: Mechanical Services

0131976214_COVER.qxd 31/8/06 16:46 Page 1 SUITABLE FOR STUDENTS STUDYING THE PRACTICAL AND SSUUIITTAABBLLEE FFOORR SSTTUUDDEENNTTSS SSTTUUDDYYIINNGG TTHHEE PPRRAACCTTIICCAALL AANNDD TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF NVQ PLUMBING LEVELS 2 & 3 TTEECCHHNNIICCAALL AASSPPEECCTTSS OOFF NNVVQQ PPLLUUMMBBIINNGG LLEEVVEELLSS 22 && 33 Blower P l u Plumbing: Mechanical Services is an essential guide for all m students who require a sound understanding of plumbing principles and processes. This fifth edition includes the new b regulations relating to heat-raising appliances and updates on i relevant environmental issues. n g Key features: : • includes new Building Regulations Part L1 and Part P M • new material on environmental issues, including condensing e boilers and heat pumps c • updated material on sanitation and underground drainage h • updated material on hot water supply and hot water heating a n systems, including zone control i • appendix updated to include current NVQ qualifications c a • new appendices on boiler sizing and central heating control l systems, both of which meet the recommendations of the S Building Regulations Part 6 and The Energy Saving Trust. e r This book is a key course text for Plumbing NVQs Levels 2 & 3 and v Heating & Ventilation NVQs Levels 2 & 3, and is suitable for i c Technical Certificates in Plumbing levels 1 & 2. It is also essential e reading for those studying for the domestic heating course, gas, s oil, unvented hot water systems and lead sheet options connected with these courses. Also suitable for students on professional B building courses where general aspects of plumbing are included. o o G. J. Blower has had many years' experience both as a plumber k and as a teacher of plumbing. He was formerly Senior Lecturer in T w Plumbing at the College of North-East London as well as a City & Guilds Examiner and an assessor for the London and South-East o Regional Advisory Council. FIFTH ISBN 0-13-197621-4 EDITION 9 780131 976214 www.pearson-books.com Plumbing: Mechanical Services MS_A01.pm5 1 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in technology, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing, please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk MS_A01.pm5 2 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM Plumbing: Mechanical Services Book 2 Fifth Edition G.J. Blower Eng Tech (CEI), MIP, LCGI, Technical Teachers Cert. Formerly Senior Lecturer, Plumbing Mechanical Services Section, College of North East London. Currently an NVQ Visiting Assessor MS_A01.pm5 3 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 1984 Second edition published 1989 Third edition published 1996 Fourth edition published 2002 Fifth edition published 2007 © Macdonald & Evans Ltd 1984 © Pearson Education Limited 1989, 1996, 2002, 2007 The right of G.J. Blower to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. The use of any trademark in this text does not vest in the author or publisher any trademark ownership rights in such trademarks, nor does the use of such trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-197621-4 ISBN-10: 0-13-197621-4 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Typeset in 10/12pt Times by 35 Printed and bound in Malaysia This publisher’s policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests. MS_A01.pm5 4 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM Contents Foreword viii Flame conduction and rectification 60 Preface to fifth edition ix Gas fires and back boiler units 63 Acknowledgements x Servicing gas appliances 71 Decommissioning 72 1 Welding and brazing processes 1 Further reading 72 Introduction 1 Self-testing questions 72 Welding safety 1 The flame 3 3 Cold water supply 74 Set-up of welded joints 4 The Water Regulations (1999) 74 Lead welding 5 Types of cold water supply 76 Defects in welds 7 Large water storage cisterns and Lap welds on lead sheet 8 associated pipework 83 Angle seams 10 Noise in cold water systems 85 Lead-welded pipe joints 10 Pollution of water supplies 88 Bronze welding 10 Backflow prevention 92 Brazing processes 13 Non-mechanical backflow devices 93 Fusion welding low-carbon steel 17 Mechanical backflow protection 96 Further reading 17 Application of backflow-prevention Self-testing questions 18 devices in domestic premises 100 Backflow protection in multi-storey 2 Gas installations 19 public and commercial buildings 104 Legislation 19 Sterilisation of cold water systems 107 Properties of natural gas 22 Provision for fire-fighting in buildings 107 Combustion and gas burners 22 Water treatment 114 Combustion air 23 Base exchange water softening 114 Installation of pipework 25 Hydraulic pressure testing 118 Gas meters 26 Decommissioning 120 Testing appliance pressures and Distribution pipe sizing in hot and gas rates 27 cold water services 120 Pressure 27 Further reading 124 Gas pipe sizing 28 Self-testing questions 125 Testing for soundness 30 Purging domestic installations 33 4 Hot water supply 126 Ventilation 33 Corrosion and scale formation in Flues 35 hot water systems 126 Flue terminals 43 Supplementary storage systems 127 Gas controls 47 High-level flow systems 127 Ignition devices 57 Dual boiler systems 128 Flame failure devices 57 Unvented hot water systems 130 MS_A01.pm5 5 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM vi CONTENTS Combination boilers 137 Types of oil burner 217 Pumped systems 140 Installation of oil-fired boilers 224 Storage vessels 140 Digital combustion analysers 230 Support and connections to Flues for oil boilers 230 horizontal hot storage vessels 142 Servicing oil-fired boilers 231 Towel rails 144 Further reading 232 Fuels used for hot water and Self-testing questions 233 central heating 146 Water heaters 147 7 Sanitary appliances 234 Electric water heating 148 Introduction 234 Introduction to solar heating 151 WC macerators 234 Heat pumps 155 Flushing troughs 236 Micro combined heat and power Ablutionary fittings 237 (micro CHP) 157 Anti-scald valves 239 Legionnaires’ disease 157 Showers 242 Further reading 157 Urinals 252 Self-testing questions 158 Disposal of chemical wastes 259 Hospital appliances (general) 260 Sanitary accommodation 260 5 Hot water heating systems 159 Washing and WC facilities for the Space-heating systems 159 disabled 262 Heat emitters 160 Further reading 262 Central heating components 163 Self-testing questions 265 Boilers 166 Pipework systems used for heating 169 8 Sanitary pipework 266 Heating systems 171 Building Regulations relevant to Mini-bore systems 174 sanitary pipework 266 Sealed heating systems 175 Standards relating to sanitary Heating controls 178 pipework 267 Central heating design 186 Sanitary pipe sizes 268 Domestic heating calculators 189 Trap seal loss 268 Under-floor central heating 194 Ventilation of sanitary pipework 269 Commissioning and maintaining Compression and its prevention 269 central heating systems 197 Modern pipework systems 269 Noise in hot water supply and Branch positions in discharge stacks 274 heating systems 198 Ventilation of branch discharge pipes Corrosion in heating systems and to single appliances 275 its prevention 199 Ranges of appliances 276 Further reading 200 Special notes relating to Self-testing questions 201 ventilating pipes 278 Access for cleaning and 6 Oil firing 202 maintenance 280 Fuel oils 202 Pipe ducts 280 Oil-fired boilers 202 Inspection and testing 281 Oil storage tank accessories 208 Maintenance 282 Tank overfill prevention 211 Further reading 283 Pipework systems for oil supply 213 Self-testing questions 284 MS_A01.pm5 6 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM CONTENTS vii 9 Underground drainage materials, Mansard roofs 334 fittings and systems 285 Lead-welded details 335 Regulations relating to building Metal cladding of buildings drainage 285 with preformed panels 340 Functions of drainage systems 285 Patenation oil 342 Health and safety 286 Inspection and maintenance of Materials 286 sheet weatherings 343 Drainage fittings 286 Further reading 343 Support for above-ground drains 295 Self-testing questions 343 Flexibility 297 Bedding for underground drains 297 11 Electrical systems 345 Protection of drains near or above Regulations governing the ground level or subject to installation of electrical supplies 345 imposed loads 298 Distribution of electricity 346 Types of drainage system 300 Electrical units 347 Ventilation of drains 304 Electrical safety 349 Access to drains 306 Earthing and bonding 351 Connections to existing drains 307 Distribution of supplies in the Working principles of a good property 354 drainage scheme 308 Current-carrying capacity of Invert and soffit 309 conductors (cables) 359 Determining drain levels 310 Cables 360 Setting out the incline of a drain 310 Inspecting and testing electrical Ramps and backdrops 312 installations 365 Testing drains for soundness 312 Ancillary components 367 Tracing drains 316 Regulations relating to electrical Maintenance of underground appliances in bathrooms 370 drainage systems 316 Further reading 371 Decommissioning 316 Self-testing questions 372 Further reading 316 Self-testing questions 317 Appendix A: Assignments 373 10 Sheet lead roof weatherings 318 Appendix B: NVQ in plumbing — Introduction 318 Levels 2 and 3 377 Contact with other materials 319 Metal lining of gutters constructed Appendix C: Central heating control of timber 320 systems 380 Gutter outlets 322 Covering large flat areas with lead sheet 322 Appendix D: Whole house boiler- Wood rolls 324 sizing method for houses 386 Hollow roll work 324 Dormer windows 327 Index 389 MS_A01.pm5 7 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM Foreword It is said that every man is a builder by instinct manner which is simple, direct and easy to and, while this may be true to a degree, the best understand. way to become a craftsman is first to be an As most apprentices and trainees nowadays apprentice. have the advantage of attending a college of To be an apprentice or trainee means to learn a further education to help them learn their craft, trade, to learn skills and have knowledge which the publishers of these books have chosen their will both be a means of earning a living and authors from experienced craftsmen who are also provide an invaluable expertise for life. But experienced teachers and who understand the whereas this used to be the main purpose and requirements of craft training and education. advantage of serving an Aapllpierenticeship, nowadays The learning objectives and self-testing questions many people in high positions in industry have associated with each chapter will be most useful made their way to the top after beginning with an to students and also to college lecturers who may apprenticeship. well wish to integrate the books into their teaching The once leisurely pace of learning a trade has programme. now been replaced by a much more concentrated The needs have also to be kept in view of the period of learning because of the shortened length increasing numbers of late entrants to the crafts of training. In addition, there is an ever-increasing who are entering a trade as adults, probably under number of new materials and techniques being a government-sponsored or other similar scheme. introduced which have to be understood and Such students will find the practical, down-to-earth assimilated into the craftsman’s daily workload. style of these books to be an enormous help to There is therefore a large and growing body of them in reaching craftsman status. knowledge which will always be essential to the L. Jaques craftsman, and the aim of this craft series of books Formerly Head of Department is to provide this fundamental knowledge in a Leeds College of Technology MS_A01.pm5 8 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM Preface to the fifth edition The contents of this volume, as with Book 1 of this from the manufacturers of heating controls. While series, relate mainly to the technology and practical the use of modern materials and techniques has activities necessary for the achievement of the simplified many of the traditional methods of technical and NVQ certificates, levels 2 and 3 in installation, both the design of modern systems and plumbing. Much of the text will also be helpful to fault diagnosis now form an important part of the students of associated crafts such as industrial and work of plumbers and heating fitters. It is hoped domestic heating, gas and oil work and those who that the contents of this volume will help the reader wish to specialise in underground drainage and lead to achieve both the CGLI Technical Certificate and sheet weathering at an advanced level. It will also the plumbing NVQ’s level 2/3. In conclusion, it be helpful to those studying at professional levels in should never be forgotten that a great deal of pride building subjects. This volume contains much of the and satisfaction can be achieved in knowing that a necessary information relating to both the Water and job has been done well and carried out in a Building Regulations, a good knowledge of which is professional manner. essential for those installing and maintaining hot I would like to record my thanks to Mr D. Davis, and cold water and heating schemes. the Technical Officer of the Institute of Plumbing The current area of thought in the light of and Heating, and to the staff of Essex County diminishing resources and changes in the Library, Chelmsford, for their help in tracing environment is the government’s commitment to and verifying many of the British and European energy saving. It is therefore important that Standards listed in this book. Also to Mr M. Mear plumbers and heating fitters understand the needs for his permission to use illustrations of the Central for energy conservation, because, due to the nature Heating Calculator, The Institute of Plumbing for of their work, they can influence to a large degree permission to use the tables and graph relating to the success or otherwise of energy savings. pipe sizing from the design guide, The Energy I have endeavoured to implement some of the Saving Trust and TACMA for their permission suggestions made by readers of the books in this to reprint some of their illustrations and technical series since the last edition was published and many details. I should also thank all the other companies of them have been embodied in these new editions that have given me assistance and advice in the of Books 1 and 2. I have, however, avoided detailed preparation of this book. I must also thank my wife wiring plans of heating systems as this information Vilma for her help and support in the production of is freely available in a clear and concise form direct both Books 1 and 2 of this series. MS_A01.pm5 9 30/08/2006, 10:36 AM

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.