Playing it Safe: How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development of Law PDF
Preview Playing it Safe: How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development of Law
Playing It Safe CRITICAL AMERICA General Editors:Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic White by Law: The Legal Construction ofRace Ian F.Haney López Cultivating Intelligence: Power,Law,and the Politics ofTeaching Louise Harmon and Deborah W.Post Privilege Revealed: How Invisible Preference Undermines America Stephanie M.Wildman with Margalynne Armstrong, Adrienne D.Davis,and Trina Grillo Does the Law Morally Bind the Poor? or What Good’s the Constitution When You Can’t Afford a LoafofBread? R.George Wright Hybrid: Bisexuals,Multiracials,and Other Misfits under American Law Ruth Colker Critical Race Feminism: A Reader Edited by Adrien Katherine Wing Immigrants Out! The New Nativism and the Anti-Immigrant Impulse in the United States Edited by Juan F.Perea Taxing America Edited by Karen B.Brown and Mary Louise Fellows Notes ofa Racial Caste Baby: Color Blindness and the End ofAffirmative Action Bryan K.Fair Please Don’t Wish Me a Merry Christmas: A Critical History ofthe Separation ofChurch and State Stephen M.Feldman To Be an American: Cultural Pluralism and the Rhetoric ofAssimilation Bill Ong Hing Negrophobia and Reasonable Racism: The Hidden Costs ofBeing Black in America Jody David Armour Black and Brown in America: The Case for Cooperation Bill Piatt Black Rage Confronts the Law Paul Harris Selling Words: Free Speech in a Commercial Culture R.George Wright The Color ofCrime: Racial Hoaxes,White Fear,Black Protectionism,Police Harassment, and Other Macroaggressions Katheryn K.Russell The Smart Culture: Society,Intelligence,and Law Robert L.Hayman,Jr. Was Blind,But Now I See: White Race Consciousness and the Law Barbara J.Flagg The Gender Line: Men,Women,and the Law Nancy Levit Heretics in the Temple: Americans Who Reject the Nation’s Legal Faith David Ray Papke The Empire Strikes Back: Outsiders and the Struggle over Legal Education Arthur Austin Interracial Justice: Conflict and Reconciliation in Post–Civil Rights America Eric K.Yamamoto Black Men on Race,Gender,and Sexuality: A Critical Reader Edited by Devon Carbado When Sorry Isn’t Enough: The Controversy over Apologies and Reparations for Human Injustice Edited by Roy L.Brooks Disoriented: Asian Americans,Law,and the Nation State Robert S.Chang Rape and the Culture ofthe Courtroom Andrew E.Taslitz The Passions ofLaw Edited by Susan A.Bandes Global Critical Race Feminism: An International Reader Edited by Adrien Katherine Wing Law and Religion: Critical Essays Edited by Stephen M.Feldman Changing Race: Latinos,the Census,and the History ofEthnicity Clara E.Rodríguez From the Ground Up: Environmental Racism and the Rise ofthe Environmental Justice Movement Luke Cole and Sheila Foster Nothing but the Truth: Why Trial Lawyers Don’t,Can’t,and Shouldn’t Have to Tell the Whole Truth Steven Lubet Critical Race Theory: A Primer Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic Playing It Safe: How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development ofLaw Lisa A.Kloppenberg Playing It Safe How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development of the Law Lisa A. Kloppenberg a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London © 2001 by New York University All rights reserved. Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kloppenberg,Lisa A. Playing it safe :how the Supreme Court sidesteps hard cases and stunts the development ofthe law / Lisa A.Kloppenberg. p. cm.— (Critical America) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8147-4740-X (cloth :alk.paper) 1.United States,Supreme Court—History. 2.Certiorari—United States—History. 3.Political questions and judicial power—United States—History. I.Title. II.Series. KF8748 .K58 2001 347.73'26—dc21 2001001059 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States ofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my spouse and best friend,Mark Zunich; to our wonderful children,Nicholas,Timothy,and Kellen; and to my loving parents,Ed and Angie Kloppenberg. “I thank my God upon every remembrance ofyou.” Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 1 The Court Avoids Scrutinizing “Official English” Mandate 17 2 The Court Grapples with Congress and Standing Hurdles in Environmental Cases 39 3 The Court Uses Standing to Discourage Redress for Racial Wrongs 67 4 Avoiding Selected Affirmative Action Challenges 93 5 Coming Out ofthe Constitutional Closet 147 6 Avoiding Gender Equality 188 7 The Court’s Aggressive Expansion ofStates’Rights 238 Conclusion:Looking toward the Future: A Presumption against Avoidance 271 Notes 279 Index 303 About the Author 308 ix
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