Plants, Politics and Empire in Ancient Rome PDF
Preview Plants, Politics and Empire in Ancient Rome
PLANTS, POLITICS AND EMPIRE IN ANCIENT ROME ThebookinvestigatestheculturalandpoliticaldimensionofRoman arboricultureandtheassociatedmovementofplantsfromonecorner oftheempiretotheother.Itusestheconvergentperspectivesoffered bytextualandarchaeologicalsourcestosketchapictureoflarge-scale arboricultureasaphenomenonprimarilydrivenbyeliteactivityand imperialism. Arboriculture had a clear cultural role in the Roman world: it was used to construct the public persona of many elite Romans,withtheintroductionofnewplantsfromfarawayregionsor the development of new cultivars contributing to the elite competi- tivedisplay.Exoticplantsfromconqueredregionswerealsodisplayed as trophies in military triumphs, making plants an element of the languageofimperialism.AnnalisaMarzanoarguesthattheAugustan era was a key moment for the development of arboriculture and identifies colonists and soldiers as important agents contributing to plant dispersal and diversity. is Professor of Ancient History at the University of Reading and Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Bologna. She is also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and the Royal Historical Society, and a Member of the Academia Europaea. She has published two monographs, Roman Villas in Central Italy (), winner of the Silver Medal at the VIII Premio G.Boulvert, and Harvestingthe Sea(). PLANTS, POLITICS AND EMPIRE IN ANCIENT ROME ANNALISA MARZANO UniversityofReadingandUniversityofBologna UniversityPrintingHouse,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,thFloor,NewYork,,USA WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,,Australia –,rdFloor,Plot,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre,NewDelhi–,India PenangRoad,#–/,VisioncrestCommercial,Singapore CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/ :./ ©AnnalisaMarzano Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData :Marzano,Annalisa,-author. :Plants,politicsandempireinancientRome/AnnalisaMarzano. :Cambridge;NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,.|Includesbiblio- graphicalreferences. :LCCN(print)|(ebook)| (hardback)|(paperback)|(epub) ::Arboriculture–Politicalaspects–Rome.|Gardens–Politicalaspects–Rome.|Plants– Dispersal–Rome.|BISAC:HISTORY/Ancient/General :..(print)|..(ebook)|./ –dc/eng/ LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/ LCebookrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/ ----Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. ThisbookarisesfromresearchfundedbyaLeverhulmeTrustMajorResearchFellowship. To Guy P.R. Métraux for his warm friendship, continued support, and kind encouragements Contents List of Figures page ix List of Tables xi Acknowledgments xii List of Abbreviations xiv Introduction Roman Gardens, Representation, and Politics GardensandEliteSelf-Representation TheSymbolicMeaningofPlants ThePoliticalSignificanceofLucullus’Horti ThePorticusPompeii GardensforthePeople Arboriculture, ‘Botanical Imperialism’, and Plants on the Move ATransitiontoGreeceandRome:EbonyandBalsam TheCherryTree:ItalyandBeyond Plants,theTriumph,andArboriculturalKnowledge:Scholarly andPractical PlantsandtheLanguageofCitizenship PlantsontheMove:IncomingandOutgoing PlantGlobalizationintheRomanWorld:NatureorNurture? AgentsofDiffusion:Soldiers,Farmers,Tradesmen The Augustan ‘Horticultural Revolution’ HorticultureandtheRomanSuburbium HorticulturalTreatises:LateRepublicandEarlyEmpire FromVegetablePatchestoGardenTombs AgriculturalTechniques,Morality,andMarketForces AgriculturalProductivity Irrigation IrrigationTechnologies:Examples vii viii Contents Grafting Glory GraftingandArboriculture GraftingforDummies SubduingNature Names–AgriculturalandAristocratic LiviaAugusta Grafting,Boasting,andMarketing FreedmenandArboriculture AFreedmanandanArboriculturalMonstrosity TheEconomicValueofGrafting ASpecialCase:ChestnutTreesandTheirFruit Of Peaches and Peach Trees CultivationandPropagationofthePeachintheAgricultural Treatises PeachesinItalyandBeyond AnAncient‘PeachFarm’atRome’sDoorstep Campania and Cisalpine Gaul: Developments in Commercial Arboriculture CampaniaFelix GalliaCisalpina Plant Dispersal and Provincial Agriculture: The Iberian Peninsula and Gaul TheIberianPeninsula Gaul Viticulture versus Arboriculture: A Matter of Choice TwoFarmsnearBéziers GrowingWildGrape:TheHallmarkoftheSmallFarmer? TheEvidenceforFruitCultivation ComparingIberian,Gallic,andBritannicEvidence Conclusions Bibliography Index Figures . Castellammare di Stabia (Italy): Villa S. Marco, view of the lower peristyle garden with pool, replanted plane trees, and casts of ancient root cavities of plane trees. Photo by Bildagentur-online / Universal Images Group Editorial / Getty Images. page . The villa of Livia, Prima Porta, Rome: Wall painting with garden scene from one of the walls of the underground triclinium of the villa ad Gallinas Albas, now in the Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome. Photo by Leemage / Corbis Historical / Getty Images. . Drawing of CIL ., a lost inscription which used to be in the church of S. Maria on the Aventine, Rome. The inscription attests to a public–private agreement for water distribution. Drawing by Mehmet Deniz Öz. . Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France: the grafting of a tree, detail of one of the vignettes making a large mosaic floor depicting an agricultural calendar, first half of the third century . Photo © RMN-Grand Palais-Musée d’Archéologie Nationale / Michel Urtado. . Castellammare di Stabia (Italy): Villa Arianna, plan of excavated garden in the Great Peristyle showing planting beds, walkways and root cavities. Courtesy of Thomas N. Howe and Kathryn Gleason. . Herculaneum, House of the Stags: wall painting depicting three still lives with fruit, including branches of peaches, now in the Naples National Archaeological Museum, inv. . Photo by Luigi Spina / Electa / Mondadori Portfolio / Hulton Fine Art Collection / Getty Images. . Map of the Iberian Peninsula illustrating the distribution in percentage of the different groups of archaeobotanical ix Published online by Cambridge University Press x List of Figures taxa preserved by charring, as presented in Peña-Chocarro et al. . Courtesy of Leonor Peña-Chocarro and her co-authors. . Map of the Iberian Peninsula illustrating the distribution in percentage of the different fruit species preserved by charring, as presented in Peña-Chocarro et al. . Courtesy of Leonor Peña-Chocarro and her co-authors. . Pompeii, garden of the Casa della Regina Carolina (..): close-up of planting pot (olla perforata) in the middle of a planting pit during excavation in summer . © The ‘Casa della Regina Carolina Project’ / Parco Archeologico di Pompei; photo: Danielle Vander Horst. . Aerial photo of the Roman orchard excavated at Champ Redon, near Valros, France, showing the rows of planting pits. Photo: MRW Zeppeline-Inrap (Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives), courtesy of Cécile Jung and Inrap. Published online by Cambridge University Press
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