PLANTS NEW TO FLORIDA

2010·3.5 MB·English

by  Richard P Wunderlin

NEW
PLANTS TO
FLORIDA
R Wunderlin, Bruce Hansen,
Richard
F.
and Alan Franck
R. Keith A. Bradley
Institute for Systematic Botany The Institute for Regional Conservation
SW
and
Department ofCell Biology, Microbiology Molecular Biology 22601 52 Avenue
1
Of USA
South
University Florida Miami, Florida 33170,
4202 East Fowler Avenue, BSF 218
USA
Tampa,
Florida 33620-5200,
John
M. Kunzer
Tomoka
State Park
2099 North Beach
Street
USA
Ormond
Beach, Florida 32174,
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN
Work
toward a third edition of the Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida to be published in 2010 revealed that
® &
Hansen 100
the six years since the publication of the second edition (Wunderlin 2003), over species
new 70% been
are to the state. Of these, about 75% are non-native to Florida. About of these have previously
&
reported for Florida Abbott Carlsward 2004; Anderson 2007; Bradley
in a variety of publications
(e.g.,
&
and
2006; Darst Gholson 2004; Davis 2006; Kunzer et 2009), Flora ofNorth America (2003-2009),
et al. al.
(Wunderlin
several recent taxonomic revisions. Although cited in the online Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
&
Hansen 34 occurring in Florida. Twenty-six of
2009), this paper documents the report of taxa as
first
and 25
these taxa Of 33 taxa are non-native
are the United the total,
first reports for the continental States.
A
°f the paper by Pemberton and
non-native from recent
species are considered be escaped cultivation.
to
Liu (2009) been an important source of non-native plants
demonstrates have
introductions
that horticultural
Over
naturalizing continue. half
(reproducing outside of cultivation) in the state, a trend that will clearly
°f the (Miami-Dade Co.-13
species reported here were found in the two most populous counties in Florida
sp may
P- and Broward Co.-6 some taxa reported here for first time be listed as invasive
that
spp.). It is likely
antics
in the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC) list (2009) in the future.
Araacari endemic Norfolk Island in the
a heterophylla This species, to
Franco (Araucariaceae).
(Salisb.)
*
uth New World wood and
Pacific, and areas of the Old and for its as
is cultivated in tropical subtropical
30
ornamental, and commonly cultivated as an ornamental in central
becomes
occasionally naturalized. is
It
**
Southem United
continental States.
in the
Florida. This the report of naturalizing
is first it
n
' 'Kher spcunien? Mm N Oran*/ Drive on Golden Shoe Road, ca mi N of Cooper
Broward Co N mini Area mi of 1
Pm,' Rid <
1
I
M
,V T5, ' s R-HP hie parent iree. 17 Ma 007. Ho. Monroe
C ,,, u , , r , , j.
*'
: Pine Key. Mourn. TOO m E of the intersection of Fern Avenue and Guava Lane, ca. 27 air

sHiiim
(
commonly
lanceolata (Forssk.) Defiers (Rubiaceae). Native to northern Africa, cultivated in the
Pentas it is
and subtropics worldwide as an ornamental where has sometimes become naturalized. This the
it is
tropics
report of the species naturalized in the continental United States.
first
SW
k. The Orchid Jungle, E side of 157 Ave. at theoretical 268 St., disturbed
42°W, 23 Feb 2002, Bradley 2192 (FTG)
hederaceum oxycardium
Philodendron (Jacq.) Schott var. (Schott) Croat (Araceae). Native to Mexico, this
Ham-
frequently cultivated as an ornamental. was planted along nature trails in Hattie Bauer
species is It
Now
mock when was commercially operated as the tourist attraction Orchid Jungle. a county preserve,
it it
hammock
has spread aggressively throughout undisturbed portions of the rockland there. This is the first
report of naturalized in the continental United States.
it
m
SW
tcuiVr specimen Miami-Dade Co.: Hull* Bauer Hammock, b side of 1ST Ave a. theoretical 268 St abundant rockland ham-
.
mock throughout property where spread from cultivation along nature trail, 24 Jun 2009, Bradley 2675 (FTG, USF).
it
Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. (Myrtaceae). Native to the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America, it is frequently
New
cultivated in the Old and World tropics as a food flavoring (allspice) and sometimes for medicinal use.
Commonly
and
It is naturalized in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Bermuda, Hawaii, other Pacific Islands.
hammocks and
cultivated in southern Florida, has escaped into multiple rockland disturbed sites in
it
United
Miami-Dade County. This the report of naturalized in the continental States.
is first it
SW
Miami-Dade Hammock, 300 mi E of 202 Ave., frequent inside western
Co.: Meissner S of theoretical St., 0.1
edge of rockland hammock, 19 Jun 2009, Bradley 2681 (FTG, USF).
New
Pithecellobium bahamense Bahamas (Andros, Providence,
Northr. (Fabaceae). Native to the central
The Monroe
Exuma, and Long Island) and northern Cuba, here reported for the continental United States.
is
it
County keys dense colony in an undisturbed pine rockland
population consists of over 200 plants in a small,
Cannon
was found by Paula
with no evidence of cultivation. This appears to be a native population. It also
Bameby and Grimes propose
and Ben (1997)
Edwards in 2006. Although experimental evidence is lacking,
on
based intermediate
this taxon to be a hybrid between R keyensis Britton and P. histrix (A. Rich.) Benth.
morphology and sympatric Of the supposed parental species, only P. keyensis occurs in Florida.
distribution.
and
by having stipular spines
Pithecellobium bahamense from keyensis in Florida
distinguished
is readily P.
cm
the cm 3-7 long in keyensis).
kaflets 1-2.5 long (versus spines lacking and the leaflets P.
W m
N
m Key Deer 460 of Big Pine Street,
specimen. Monroe 180 of Blvd., ca.
Co.: Big Pine Key, National Key Deer Refuge; ca.
&
°PP«ite parking lot for Watson Hammock Nature 18 Oct 2007, Bradley Barry 2662 (USF).
Trail,
orna-
Po'yalthia widespread as a cultivated
suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites (Annonaceae). Native to Asia, it is
United
mental New naturalized in the continental
in the Old and World This the report of it
first
tropics. is
***
hammock
within rockland habitat at
In
addition well established
to the below, also
localities is
it
Smpson
Park
in the City of Miami.
'
^
&
nmock 72 FTG).
P«k, 80.27593*W, 14 Dec 2004, Possley Prieto
S of Schoolhouse Road endpoint, 25.38360°N,
kdermachera cultivated widely as
Asia,
Native to subtropical it is
sinica (Hance) Hemsl. (Bignoniaceae).
Hawaii.
naturalized in
0use ornamental.
/ Plant and outdoors Old and New world tropics as an It is
in the
*T ****
United States.
first report of naturalized in the continental
it
&
SW
2^ SPeCime SW comer of 296 St. 197 Ave., frequent in understory,
" suppressed pine rockland at
Co.: Fire
747
°N,
80.510248°W, 24 Jun 2009, Bradley 2677 (FTG, USF).
R0USStlia West Mexico, and Central
the Indies,
humilis weedy species native to
(SW.) Urb. (Urticaceae). This
^
nca ^ Our specimens were determined
United
here continental States.
reported time from
for the
first
^Plicate by
David
E. Boufford
(A).
Broward Co.: IV mhrokc r.irk 42o Marine Dr 31 Dec 2003. lUSF'i Coconut Creek Maple Swamp
.
mi SE of West Dixie Bend, T48S, R42E, Sec 17 Sep 2008, Howell 1074 (USF).
8,
&
Senna atomaria Bameby West
H.S. Irwin (Fabaceae). Native to Mexico, the Indies, Central
(L.) America,
and northern South America (Columbia and Venezuela) and recently introduced in the Old World
for agro-
and Dismal Key
forestry purposes. It is rare in cultivation in Florida the origin of material at is uncertain;
possibly a recent natural range extension. This the report of in the continental United
is first it States.
Solanum umbellatum Mill. (Solanaceae). A weedy species native to Mexico, Central America, South America,
and the West Indies, related to erianthum D. Don, a widespread species native to peninsular Florida
it is S.
(Roe 1967). This is the first report of the species naturalized in the continental United States.
W
Voucher specimens Miami-Dade Co.: edge ot l.irm held 0 25 mi of K.omc Avc <SW 177 Au on \ c.l* .4 s\\ jss-i -m,ll[vp
-
o Hammock
lation of a few plants, 25 30,00.3*N, 80°28'54.05"W, 16 Dec 2008, Bradley 2665 (FTG, USF); Silver Palm Groves Preserve,
W
Chromolaena odorata, Bidens alba, and other weeds, ca. 850’NofSW232 St.,ca. 70’ of theoretical 142 Ave., Easting 558056, Northing
&
2826371 (UTM17N, WGS84), 3 May 2006, Bradley Green 2646 (FTG, USF).
A
Stellaria parva Pedersen South America and introduced in Texas
(Caryophyllaceae). species native
to
NCRS
and Louisiana (USDA, 2009), large colonies of were recently discovered in Colt Creek State Park,
it
Polk County.
km NNE
km of
Voucher specimens. Polk Co.: Colt Creek State Park, 3.27 SSE of FL 471 bridge over the Withlacoochee River, ca. 4.5
ca.
2317<USF);
the junction of FL 471 and US 98, edge of pasture near hydric hammock, 28°17T3"N, 82°2'21"W, 3 Apr 2008, Kunzer et d.
km km NNE FL 471 and
Colt Creek State Park, ca. 2.6 SSE of FL 471 bridge over the Withlacoochee River, ca. 5.3 of the junction of
&
US Hansen 2383
98, trail in ecotone between pasture and cypress [Taxodmm] swamp, 28°17’38"N, 82°2'23"W, 15 Apr 2008, Kunzer
km km NNE FL 471
(USF); Colt Creek State Park, ca. 2 .6 SSE of FL 471 bridge over the Withlacoochee River, ca. 5.3 of the junction of
&
Creek
and US 98, pasture edge adjacent to hydric hammock, 28°17, 13"N, 8202'21"W, 15 Apr 2008, Kunzer Hansen 2390 (USF); Colt
State Park. ca. 2.6 km SSE of FL 471 bridge over the Withlacoochee River, ca. 5.3 km NNE of the junction of FL 471 and US 98, pasture
&
edge adjacent to Toxodium swamp, 28°17T3'N, 82°2,21,W, 15 Apr 2008, Kunzer Hansen 2392 (USF).
New
Trema orientals Blume and cultivated in the
(L.) (Ulmaceae). Native to Asia, Africa, Australasia, it is
Miami-
A
and Old world tropics for a variety of uses and naturalized in Hawaii. population was found in
is
Dade County by Bradley and Roger Hammer in 1996 the USDA Subtropical Horticultural Research Station.
at
subsequently
Plants were formerly cultivated at the Station where was introduced from Mozambique. It
it
In
United States.
spread into a fire suppressed pine rockland. This the report from the continental
is first
Palm Beac
2009, was found along the historical eastern shoreline of Lake Okeechobee in Martin and
it
unknown.
Whether
Counties. the source of this population was from the Miami-Dade plants is
Voucher specimens. Miami-Dade USDA Chapman Old Cutler Road just
Co.: Subtropical Horticultural Research Station, Field,
266°N,80796M^
per Creek, small trees naturalized along edge of a degraded pine rockland fragment, recruits frequent here, 25.641
N
of
mi
US 0.2
441,
27.09336°N, 80.65745°W, 18 Oct 2009, Bradley 2M70TG). Okeechobee Co.: a few plants along western edge of
Martin Co. with
line, Schinus terebinthifolia, 27.12389°N, 80.67926°W, 18 Oct 2009, Bradley 2580 (FTG).
foj
cultivated
Trichosanthes cucumerina
L. (Cucurbitaceae). Native to tropical Asia and Australasia, it is
report
food, medicine, and as an ornamental in tropical areas of the Old and New World. This is the first
Arn^
& 1
Triplans melaenodendron and Central
Mexico
(Bertol.) Standi. Steyerm. (Polygonaceae). Native to
St*
United
is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental. This the report of naturalized in the continental
is first
it
.
new
Plants to Florida
Wundertin et al.,
Bradley 2670 (FTG,
7,
South America, the West Indies, and the continental United states in Texas. It also occurs in Louisiana
(USDA, NRCS, 2009). It is reported here for the first time as naturalized in Florida.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors thank Mike Barry, James R. Burkhalter, Stephen Dickman, George Gann, Steven Green, Pierre
Randy Ray
Guertin, Patricia L. Howell, Reese H. Kessler, Chris Lockhart, Mejeur, Miller, Brent Nicholas,
Carmel vanHoek,
Nancy O’Hare, Stella Park, Kelly Peterman, Shirley Petty, Jennifer Possley, Jimi Sadie,
We
Steve Woodmansee, and York for specimens. also wish to thank Alice Bard (Florida Department of
P.
We
Creek
Environmental Protection, Division of Parks) for the collecting opportunity in Colt State Park.
also thank Elizabeth Gandy and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful suggestions.
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Abbott, J.R. Carisward. 2004. collections: Florida.
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Abrams, L 1923. of the Washington, Oregon, and California. 1:1-568. Stanford
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-751
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Anderson, L.C. 2007. Noteworthy plants from north Florida Bot. Res. Inst. 1 :741
VIII. J.
Barneby, and monkey's a generic system for the synandrous Mi-
R.C. J.W. Grimes 997. guanacaste, earring:
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1
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^
cies
(vwvw.fleppc.org).
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***
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>
90:69-80.
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