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Plants and invertebrates PDF

523 Pages·2010·3.333 MB·English
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Compendium of Trace Metals and Marine Biota Volume 2: Vertebrates This page intentionally left blank Compendium of Trace Metals and Marine Biota Volume 2: Vertebrates by Ronald Eisler Amsterdam (cid:129) Boston (cid:129) Heidelberg (cid:129) London (cid:129) New York (cid:129) Oxford Paris (cid:129) San Diego (cid:129) San Francisco (cid:129) Singapore (cid:129) Sydney (cid:129) Tokyo Elsevier The Boulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OxfordOX51GB,UK Radarweg 29,POBox211,1000AEAmsterdam,The Netherlands Firstedition2010 Copyright#2010Elsevier BV.Allrightsreserved Nopartofthis publicationmaybereproduced,stored inaretrieval systemortransmittedin anyform orbyanymeanselectronic, mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise withouttheprior writtenpermission ofthepublisher Permissions maybesoughtdirectlyfrom Elsevier’sScience&TechnologyRights Department inOxford,UK:phone(þ44) (0)1865843830;fax(þ44)(0)1865853333; email:[email protected]. Alternativelyyoucansubmityourrequestonline byvisitingtheElsevier websiteathttp://elsevier.com/locate/permissions,andselecting Obtainingpermission touseElsevier material Notice Noresponsibilityisassumed bythepublisherforanyinjuryand/or damagetopersons,or propertyasamatterofproducts liability,negligence orotherwise,orfromanyuse,or operationofanymethods,products,instructionsorideascontainedinthematerial,herein. British LibraryCataloguinginPublication Data Acatalogue recordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publication Data AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress ISBN (Set):978-0-444-53439-2 ISBN (Vol2):978-0-444-53437-8 ForinformationonallElsevierpublications visitourwebsite atbooks.elsevier.com Printedand boundinGreatBritain 10 11 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This volume is dedicated to the memory of my mentors: Yohay Bin-Nun Lauren R. Donaldson Morton I. Grossman Clarence P. Idyll Frank G. Lowman James E. Lynch Lionel A. Walford This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments ............................................................................................xiii Books by Ronald Eisler.....................................................................................xv About the Author...........................................................................................xvii List of Tables – Vol. 2....................................................................................xix Chapter 1 Introduction......................................................................................1 1.1 LiteratureCited...........................................................................................................6 Chapter 2 Elasmobranchs..................................................................................7 2.1 Americium..................................................................................................................7 2.2 Arsenic........................................................................................................................7 2.3 Cadmium..................................................................................................................11 2.4 Cerium......................................................................................................................14 2.5 Cesium......................................................................................................................14 2.6 Chromium.................................................................................................................14 2.7 Cobalt........................................................................................................................15 2.8 Copper.......................................................................................................................15 2.9 Iron............................................................................................................................18 2.10 Lead..........................................................................................................................20 2.11 Manganese................................................................................................................20 2.12 Mercury.....................................................................................................................20 2.13 Nickel........................................................................................................................27 2.14 Plutonium..................................................................................................................30 2.15 Ruthenium.................................................................................................................30 2.16 Selenium...................................................................................................................30 2.17 Silver.........................................................................................................................30 2.18 Strontium..................................................................................................................31 2.19 Tin.............................................................................................................................31 2.20 Zinc...........................................................................................................................31 2.21 Literature Cited........................................................................................................35 vii viii Contents Chapter 3 Fishes.............................................................................................39 3.1 Aluminum.................................................................................................................39 3.2 Americium................................................................................................................40 3.3 Antimony..................................................................................................................40 3.4 Arsenic......................................................................................................................40 3.5 Barium......................................................................................................................51 3.6 Beryllium..................................................................................................................51 3.7 Bismuth.....................................................................................................................52 3.8 Boron........................................................................................................................52 3.9 Cadmium..................................................................................................................52 3.10 Cerium......................................................................................................................65 3.11 Cesium......................................................................................................................66 3.12 Chromium.................................................................................................................67 3.13 Cobalt........................................................................................................................72 3.14 Copper.......................................................................................................................75 3.15 Gallium.....................................................................................................................89 3.16 Germanium...............................................................................................................89 3.17 Gold...........................................................................................................................90 3.18 Indium.......................................................................................................................90 3.19 Iron............................................................................................................................90 3.20 Lead..........................................................................................................................96 3.21 Lithium....................................................................................................................105 3.22 Manganese..............................................................................................................106 3.23 Mercury...................................................................................................................110 3.24 Molybdenum...........................................................................................................141 3.25 Neptunium..............................................................................................................142 3.26 Nickel......................................................................................................................143 3.27 Niobium..................................................................................................................143 3.28 Palladium................................................................................................................143 3.29 Plutonium................................................................................................................147 3.30 Polonium.................................................................................................................148 3.31 Radium....................................................................................................................148 3.32 Rhenium..................................................................................................................148 3.33 Rubidium................................................................................................................148 3.34 Ruthenium...............................................................................................................150 3.35 Scandium................................................................................................................150 3.36 Selenium.................................................................................................................150 3.37 Silver.......................................................................................................................154 3.38 Strontium................................................................................................................157 3.39 Tellurium................................................................................................................159 3.40 Thallium..................................................................................................................159 3.41 Tin...........................................................................................................................159 3.42 Titanium..................................................................................................................167 3.43 Tungsten..................................................................................................................168 Contents ix 3.44 Uranium..................................................................................................................168 3.45 Vanadium................................................................................................................168 3.46 Yttrium....................................................................................................................168 3.47 Zinc.........................................................................................................................169 3.48 Zirconium................................................................................................................191 3.49 Literature Cited.......................................................................................................191 Chapter 4 Reptiles........................................................................................221 4.1 Aluminum...............................................................................................................222 4.2 Antimony................................................................................................................227 4.3 Arsenic....................................................................................................................227 4.4 Barium....................................................................................................................228 4.5 Beryllium................................................................................................................228 4.6 Cadmium................................................................................................................228 4.7 Cesium....................................................................................................................231 4.8 Chromium...............................................................................................................231 4.9 Cobalt......................................................................................................................231 4.10 Copper.....................................................................................................................231 4.11 Iron..........................................................................................................................235 4.12 Lead........................................................................................................................235 4.13 Manganese..............................................................................................................239 4.14 Mercury...................................................................................................................239 4.15 Molybdenum...........................................................................................................243 4.16 Nickel......................................................................................................................244 4.17 Rubidium................................................................................................................244 4.18 Selenium.................................................................................................................246 4.19 Silver.......................................................................................................................246 4.20 Strontium................................................................................................................246 4.21 Thallium..................................................................................................................246 4.22 Titanium..................................................................................................................246 4.23 Uranium..................................................................................................................246 4.24 Vanadium................................................................................................................246 4.25 Zinc.........................................................................................................................247 4.26 Literature Cited.......................................................................................................249 Chapter 5 Birds............................................................................................253 5.1 Aluminum...............................................................................................................253 5.2 Americium..............................................................................................................253 5.3 Antimony................................................................................................................253 5.4 Arsenic....................................................................................................................257 5.5 Barium....................................................................................................................258 5.6 Beryllium................................................................................................................258 5.7 Bismuth...................................................................................................................258 5.8 Boron......................................................................................................................259 5.9 Cadmium................................................................................................................259

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