Plant Growth Substances 1979: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Plant Growth Substances, Madison, Wisconsin, July 22–26, 1979

526 Pages·1980·14.57 MB·English

by  J. Heslop-Harrison (auth.), Professor Dr. Folke Skoog (eds.)

Proceedings in Life Sciences
Plant Growth
Substances 1979
Proceedings of the 10th International
Conference on Plant Growth Substances,
Madison, Wisconsin, July 22-26,1979
Edited by F. Skoog
With 209 Figures
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York 1980
Professor Dr. FOLKE SKOOG
Department of Botany
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin 53706/USA
Cover motive: A vine tendril coiled round a branch to support the budding
flower shoot. (After C. Darwin)
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-67722-9 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-67720-5
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-67720-5
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. International Conference on Plant
Growth Substances, 10th, Madison, Wis., 1979. Plant growth substances, 1979. (Proceedings
in life sciences) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Plant regulators. I. Skoog, Folke Karl,
1908-. II. Title. QK745.I55 1979 581.3'1 80·24252.
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© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1980.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980
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2131/3130-543210
Preface
The Tenth International Conference on Plant Growth Substances was
held July 22-26,1979 at the Wisconsin Center of the University of
Wisconsin-Madison under the joint sponsorship of The International
Plant Growth Substances Association (IPGSA) and the Graduate
School of the University. More than 500 persons, including 423 regis
tered participants, attended the Conference. Financial support was
generously provided by the organizations listed under Acknowledg
ments.
The Conference was planned and hosted by a Local Committee in
response to a request from Professor Dennis Carr, Secretary of IPGSA,
in 1976, that the Tenth Conference be held on this campus in 1979.
To achieve comprehensive, systematic coverage of the subject and yet
provide maximum opportunity for individual contributions by partici
pants, reports were presented under ten topics, each with sessions of
oral reports and poster demonstrations. Chairmen appointed by the
Local Committee organized the material to be presented and arranged
for a series of integrated, invited reports on each topic. They presided
and led discussions at the sessions, and they also greatly assisted in the
editing of the invited reports which are presented in full in these Pro
ceedings. Unfortunately it was economically impractical to publish all
reports, but the 244 submitted abstracts have been printed and dis
tributed to participants.
Novel features of the Tenth IPGS Conference, recognizing rapidly
expanding practical utilizaton of plant growth substances research,
were sessions on hormonal regulation presented under the three topics
Morphogenesis, Reproductive Development and Applications in Agri
culture. A special closing event was a symposium on plant movements
suggested, organized, and chaired by Professor Arthur W. Galston,
commemorating the publication in 1880 of The Power ofM ovement
in Plants by Charles Darwin, assisted by Francis Darwin. Also in recog
nition of this historic event as a beginning of plant hormone research,
in the Plenary Session opening the Conference, Professor J. Heslop
Harrison analyzed Darwin's contributions to research on plant growth,
and Professor K.V. Thimann described subsequent development of
plant hormone research. President Masuda in his opening remarks
briefly reviewed the 3D-year history of IPGSA itself.
VI Preface
The local committee is most grateful to all contributors to the
Conference and wishes to express special thanks to the following per
sons for valuable help and services: Professor Paul E. Pilet, organizer
ofthe Ninth IPGS Conference for useful advice; Dr. Ruth Y. Schmitz
for collaboration on planning and preparation of the program and
compilation of abstracts; Dr. Barbara J. Taller, for supervising the
poster demonstrations and for the index and other editorial work on
the Proceedings; Ms. Lucy Taylor, for illustration and other art work;
Professor A.C. Leopold,Secretary of IPGSA,for the printing and mail
ing of circulars; Mr. Robert Lee, Director, Ms. Pat Gaitan, Program
Director, and the staff of the Wisconsin Center and Mr. George Gurda
and staff of the Resident Halls, for the use of facilities and effective
services; Mrs. Mary Evert, Mary Ellen Gerloff for guided tours and ser
vices for associate members, and all others who contributed to the
successful operation of the Conference.
Madison, September 1980
FOLKESKOOG
Acknowledgements
The Organizing Committee gratefully acknowledges generous fmancial
support of the Tenth IPGS Conference by the following organizations:
Campbell Inst. for Agricultural Research, Camden, N.J., Ciba-Geigy
Corporation, Greensboro, N.C., E.I. du Pont de Nemours, Wilmington,
Delaware, Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, In., FMC Corporation, Phila
delphia, Pa., ICI Americas, Inc. Goldsboro, N.C., S.C. Johnson & Son,
Inc., Racine, Wisconsin, Merck & Company, Inc., Rahway, New Jersey,
Mitsubishi Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, Mobay Chemical Corporation,
Kansas City, Mo., Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Mo., Rhodia, Inc.,
New York, New York, Union Carbide Agricultural Products Co.,
Jacksonville, Fl., Uniroyal Chemical, Bethany, Ct., USDA Division of
Education Administration, Washington, D.C., Velsicol Chemical
Corporation, Chicago, lli.
IPGSA Council 1976-1979
President Y. Masuda (Japan); Vice President F. Skoog (USA); Secretary
A.C. Leopold (USA); Members: D.J. Carr (Australia), G. Deleuze
(Venezuela), M. Johrl (India), V. Kefeli (USSR), S. Lavee (Israel),
E. Libbert (E. Germany), J. MacMillan (United Kingdom), L.G. Paleg
(Australia), B.O. Phinney (USA), P.E. Pilet (Switzerland), N.
Takahashi (Japan), and F .W. Wightman (Canada).
Local Organizing Committee
Drs. W.M. Becker, R.H. Burris, G.C. Gerloff, J.P. Helgeson, K. Keegstra,
E.H. Newcomb, R.Y. Schmitz, L. Sequeira, and F. Skoog.
Contents
Origin and Development of Plant Growth Substance Research
Chairman: R.H. BURRIS
Darwin and the Movement of Plants: A Retrospect
J. HESLOP-HARRISON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
The Development of Plant Hormone Research in the
Last 60 Years
K.V. THIMANN (With 20 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15
Auxins
Chairman: L.N. VANDERHOEF
Homeostatic Control of Concentrations of Indole-3-Acetic Acid
R.S. BANDURSKI (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 37
The Mechanism of Transmembrane Auxin Transport and Its
Relation to the Chemiosmotic Hypothesis of the Polar
Transport of Auxin
P JI. RUBERY (With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50
Purification and Properties of Membrane-Bound Auxin
Receptors in Com
M.A. VENIS (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61
Auxin and H+ -Excretion: The State of Our Knowledge
R.E.CLELAND ................................ 71
Auxin-Induced Changes in Noncellulosic Polysaccharides
of Cell Walls of Monocot Coleoptiles and Dicot Stems
Y. MASUDA (With 8 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 79
Auxin-Regulated Elongation: A Sununary Hypothesis
L.N. VANDERHOEF (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90
x
Contents
Auxin-Induced Specific Changes in the Pattern of Protein
Synthesis in Soybean Hypocotyl Sections
L. ZURFLUH and T. GUILFOYLE (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . .. 97
Auxins - Summary of Other Reports
L. TAIZ ...................................... 105
Cytokinins
Chairmen: NJ. LEONARD and OJ. ARMSTRONG
Metabolites of Cytokinins
B. ENTSCH, D.S. LETHAM, C.W. PARKER, R.E. SUMMONS,
and B.1. GOLLNOW (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 109
Cytokinin Action on Enzyme Activities in Plants
O.N. KULAEVA(With 5 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 119
Presence and Possible Functions of Cytokinins in RNA
C. PEAUD-LENOEL and J.-P. JOUANNEAU (With 4 Figures).. 129
Probing the Cytokinin Receptor Site(s)
S.M. HECHT (With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 144
GibbereUins
Chairman: B.O. PHINNEY
Partial Syntheses of Isotopically Labelled Gibberellins
J. MacMILLAN (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 161
Metabolism of Gib berellins in Immature Seeds of Pisum sativum
V.M. SPONSEL (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 170
GA-Biosynthesis: The Development and Application of
Cell-Free Systems for Biosynthetic Studies
J.E. GRAEBE (With 7 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 180
The Physiology of Gibberellin-Induced Elongation
RL. JONES (With 3 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 188
Contents XI
Ethylene
Chairman: H. KENDE
Ethylene and Seeds
M.A. HALL, M.A. ACASTER, T. BENGOCHEA, J.H. DODDS,
D.E. EVANS, J.F. JONES, P.H. JERIE, G.C. MUTUMBA,
B. NIEPEL, and A.R. SHAARI (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . .. 199
Ethylene Metabolism and Its Possible Physiological Role in Plants
E.M. BEYER,jr. and D.C. BLOMSTROM (With 7 Figures) .... 208
Mechanism and Regulation of Ethylene Biosynthesis
S.F. YANG, D.O. ADAMS, C. LIZADA, Y. YU,
K.J. BRADFORD, A.C. CAMERON, and N.E. HOFFMAN
(With 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 219
Enzymes of Ethylene Biosynthesis
H. KENDE, J.R. KONZE, and T. BOLLER (With 5 Figures) . .. 230
Abscisic Acid
Chairman: F.T. ADDICOTT
Introductory Comments: Abscisic Acid in the Physiology
of Plants
F.T. ADDICOTT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 241
A Role for Abscisic Acid in Drought Endurance and
Drought Avoidance
W.J. DAVIES, T.A. MANSFIELD, and A.R. WELLBURN
(With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 242
Abscisic Acid and Other Naturally Occurring Plant Growth
Inhibitors
G. SEMBDNER, W. DATHE, V.I. KEFELI, and
M. KUTA~EK (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 254
Regulation of Abscisic Acid Metabolism
B.V. MILBORROW (With 2 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 262
Studies on the Role of Abscisic Acid in Stomatal Movements
K. DORFFLING, D. TIETZ, J. STREICH, and
M. LUDEWIG (With 11 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 274
xu
Contents
New Growth Factors
Chairman: C.A. WEST
New Growth Factors - Summary of Session
C.A. WEST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 289
Hormonal Regulation in Plant Reproductive Development
Chairman: A. LANG
The Hormonal Control of Tuberisation in Potato
P.F. WAREING and A.M.V. JENNINGS (With 4 Figures). . . .. 293
Inhibition of Flowering in Short-Day Plants
W.P. JACOBS (With 3 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 301
Inhibition of Flowering in Long-Day Plants
A. LANG (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 310
Regulation of Flowering in the Grapevine (Vilis vinifera L.)
M.G. MULLINS (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 323
Hormonal Regulation of Sex Expression in Plants
M.Kh. CHAILAKHYA N and V .N. KHRY ANIN
(With 7 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 331
Growth Substances: Roles in Fertilization and Sex Expression
T .-H. TSAO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 345
Hormonal Regulation of Morphogenesis
Chairman: D.E. FOSKET
The Hormonal Regulation of Morphogenesis in Mosses
M.BOPP (With 7 Figures) .......................... 351
Hormonal Control of Morphogenesis in Cultured Tissues
D.E. FOSKET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 362
Agricultural Uses of Plant Growth Regulators
Chairman: P.W. MORGAN
Agricultural Uses of Plant Growth Substances:
Historical Perspective
P.W.MORGAN ................................. 373