Plant Cell Culture Protocols

504 Pages·2018·18.494 MB·English

by  Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas, Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo

Methods in
Molecular Biology 1815
Victor M. Loyola-Vargas
Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo Editors
Plant Cell
Culture
Protocols
Fourth Edition
M M B
ethods in olecular iology
Series Editor
John M. Walker
School of Life and Medical Sciences
University of Hertfordshire
Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Plant Cell Culture Protocols
Fourth Edition
Edited by
Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán,
Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo
Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Unidad Irapuato, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados
del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
Editors
Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo
Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Departamento de Ingeniería Genética
Molecular de Plantas Unidad Irapuato
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados
Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic)
Methods in Molecular Biology
ISBN 978-1-4939-8593-7 ISBN 978-1-4939-8594-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8594-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018945533
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Preface
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture techniques have been utilized for a long time and surely
will continue to be important biological systems for a series of basic studies and also as
biotechnological tools for clonal propagation of plants, for crop improvement programs,
and for genetic manipulation of important crop species through genetic engineering or by
genomic editing approaches.
New avenues and possibilities for plant cell, tissue, and organ culture have been
incorporated to enrich this fourth edition of Plant Cell Culture Protocols composed of 34
chapters dealing with a series of basic auxiliary protocols for tissue culture (confocal
microscopy for immunolocalization of auxins, histological techniques and photographic
analysis to follow morphogenetic events, and cytometry applied to the analysis of
regenerated plants). A micropropagation chapter in the twenty-first century describing its
importance, limitations, challenges, and possible solutions provides the reader with new
horizons and perspectives, and also a collection of protocols for the micropropagation and
embryo rescue of Agave spp., the conditions for the clonal propagation of Yucca spp., and
the somatic embryogenesis- mediated plant regeneration systems for Cocos nucifera,
Phaseolus vulgaris, Musa spp., Theobroma cacao, Quercus, and Jatropha curcas form part of
the content of this volume.
One of the most frequently faced problems in tissue culture is microbial contamination,
and for many years it was thought that only those microorganisms present in the surface of
the explants were important; however, endophytic bacteria very often can affect the
establishment and the responses of cell, tissue, or organ cultures; because of the importance
of endophytes, a description and identification of some commonly found endophytic
bacteria as well as some of the effects caused by them and how to control this problem is
provided in the current edition.
Somaclonal variation is still an interesting issue and a protocol for the selection of
molecular markers to estimate somaclonal variation in cell and tissue cultures is now
presented here.
Elimination of plant viruses through meristem isolation and subsequent culture or the
use of thermotherapy combined with meristem culture are the regular methods to get
virus-free plant materials of high phytosanitary quality; however, a protocol using
cryotherapy represents a new alternative for this purpose and is integrated here.
The production of haploid and doubled haploid plant production of carrot using
induced parthenogenesis and ovule excision can be used for both basic and applied crop
improvement programs.
Conservation of germplasm of important crops has been always an issue of primary
interest due to the potential utilization of genetic variation for crop improvement p rograms;
therefore, protocols for the cryopreservation of pollen grains from pineapple and other
bromeliads were considered as a part of the strategies for the preservation of germplasm of
these plant species.
v
vi Preface
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture are used as systems to study the potential of d ifferent
plant species to produce secondary metabolites; this is the case of the chili pepper (Capsicum
chinense) protocol for the establishment of cell suspensions and immobilized placenta
tissues, which are used as models to investigate the production of capsaicinoids, compounds
responsible for the hot taste. Moreover, genetic transformation is certainly another tool of
great value for the genetic manipulation of agricultural crops, but also when the aim is to
carry out metabolic engineering of secondary metabolite pathways, such as the protocol for
the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-genetic transformation of the Mayan medicinal species
Pentalinon andrieuxii, which produces pentacyclic triterpenes with potential application in
the pharmaceutical industry.
In this fourth edition, a special focus was paid to the inclusion of protocols regarding
the omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) applied to different aspects of
plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures. For example, protocols for the analysis of secondary
metabolites (terpenes, carotenoids, phytosterols) through NMR-based metabolomics of
Catharanthus roseus or hairy root cultures from several medicinal plants.
Of relevance in this volume are the protocols for the application of proteomics and
transcriptomics to study somatic embryogenesis and morphogenesis processes. Moreover,
the participation of microRNAs and transcription factors as important actors in somatic
embryogenesis is also described. Epigenetic changes involving histone modifications and
changes in chromatin organization during biological processes can be analyzed using the
chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (Chip) protocol presented in the current edition.
Perhaps the most spectacular current tool for genomic editing is undoubtedly the CRISPR/
Cas9 technology, and a review on its use in plant tissue culture is reported.
Among the miscellaneous applications of cell culture, the readers can consult and f ollow
a protocol for the use of cell suspensions to test heavy metal toxicity and accumulation for
a possible phytoremediation alternative.
As in the previous editions of Plant Cell Culture Protocols, an Appendix of the
composition of the most commonly used plant cell, tissue, and organ culture media is
included.
We would like to thank all the authors for their enthusiasm and the time devoted to
prepare their chapters in which they are sharing the most invaluable richness: their
expertise.
Finally, we should make a special mention of gratitude to David Casey and John Walker,
who always supported and guided us during this editorial journey.
Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Part I I ntroductIon
1 An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture: Advances and Perspectives . . . . . . . . . 3
Victor M. Loyola-Vargas and Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo
Part II cell culture the Fundaments
2 Micropropagation in the Twenty-First Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Jean Carlos Cardoso, Lee Tseng Sheng Gerald, and Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
3 Cellular and Morpho-histological Foundations of In Vitro
Plant Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Diego Ismael Rocha, Lorena Melo Vieira, Andréa Dias Koehler,
and Wagner Campos Otoni
4 Bacterial Endophytes in Plant Tissue Culture: Mode of Action, Detection,
and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Mona Quambusch and Traud Winkelmann
5 Digital Photography as a Tool of Research and Documentation in Plant
Tissue Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Victor Gaba, Yehudit Tam, Danny Shavit, and Benjamin Steinitz
6 Selection of Molecular Markers for the Estimation of Somaclonal Variation . . . . 103
Octavio Martínez
7 Plant Tissue Culture: A Battle Horse in the Genome Editing Using
CRISPR/Cas9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas and Randy N. Avilez-Montalvo
Part III Protocols
8 Micropropagation of Agave Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay and José Manuel Rodríguez-Domínguez
9 Protocol for the Micropropagation of Coconut from Plumule Explants . . . . . . . 161
Luis Sáenz, José Luis Chan, María Narvaez, and Carlos Oropeza
10 Micropropagation of Yucca Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Yessica López-Ramírez, Alejandra Palomeque-Carlín,
Lucía Isabel Chávez Ortiz, Ma. de Lourdes de la Rosa-Carrillo,
and Eugenio Pérez-Molphe-Balch
vii
viii Contents
11 Auxin Immunolocalization in Coffea canephora Tissues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Ruth E. Márquez-López, Ángela Ku-González, Hugo A. Méndez- Hernández,
Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos, and Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
12 Somatic Embryogenesis in Common Bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
José Luis Cabrera-Ponce, Itzel Anayetzi González-Gómez,
Claudia G. León-R amírez, José A. Sánchez-Arreguín,
and Alba E. Jofre y Garfias
13 Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis in Jatropha curcas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos, Heydi G. Martínez-Sánchez,
and Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
14 In Vitro Proliferation of Female Buds for Induction of Somatic
Embryogenesis from False Horn Plantain (AAB, cv. Curraré) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Rosa Maria Escobedo-Gracia-Medrano, Carlos Iván Cruz-Cárdenas,
Lucila Aurelia Sánchez-Cach, José Roberto Ku-Cauich,
and Wilma Aracely González-Kantún
15 Somatic Embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Claudia Garcia, Jean-Philippe Marelli, Juan Carlos Motamayor,
and Cristiano Villela
16 Somatic Embryogenesis of Quercus suber L. From Immature
Zygotic Embryos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Pilar S. Testillano, Aránzazu Gómez-Garay, Beatriz Pintos,
and María C. Risueño
17 Cryotherapy: A Novel Method for Virus Eradication in Economically
Important Plant Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Min-Rui Wang, Long Chen, Zhibo Zhang, Dag-Ragnar Blystad,
and Qiao-C hun Wang
18 Cryopreservation of Pineapple Shoot Tips by the Droplet
Vitrification Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Everton Hilo de Souza, Ergun Kaya,
Lívia de Jesus Vieira, and Ronilze Leite da Silva
19 Cryopreservation of Pollen Grains of Pineapple and Other Bromeliads . . . . . . . . 279
Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Everton Hilo de Souza,
and Ronilze Leite da Silva
20 Application of in Casa Pollination and Embryo Rescue Techniques
for Breeding of Agave Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay, Sigifredo López-Díaz,
José Manuel Rodríguez- Domínguez, Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora,
and Ernesto Tapia-Campos
21 Haploid and Doubled Haploid Plant Production in Carrot Using
Induced Parthenogenesis and Ovule Excision In Vitro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Agnieszka Kiełkowska, Adela Adamus, and Rafal Baranski
22 Using Flow Cytometry Analysis in Plant Tissue Culture Derived Plants . . . . . . . 317
Rosa María Escobedo-Gracia-Medrano, Martha Josefa Burgos-Tan,
José Roberto Ku-Cauich, and Adriana Quiroz-Moreno
Contents ix
23 Procedure for Estimating the Tolerance and Accumulation
of Heavy Metals Using Plant Cell Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Antonio Bernabé-Antonio, Amalia Maldonado-Magaña,
María Elena Estrada-Zúñiga, Leticia Buendía-González,
and Francisco Cruz-Sosa
24 Proteomics as a Tool to Study Molecular Changes During
Plant Morphogenesis In Vitro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
André Luis Wendt dos Santos, Ricardo Souza Reis, Angelo Schuabb Heringer,
Eny Iochevet Segal Floh, Claudete Santa- Catarina, and Vanildo Silveira
25 Proteomic Analysis of Non-model Plant Tissues Using Phenol Extraction,
Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis, and MALDI Mass Spectrometry . . . . . . . . . 351
Petra Peharec Štefanić, Mario Cindrić, and Biljana Balen
26 Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChiP) Protocol for the Analysis of Gene
Regulation by Histone Modifications in Agave angustifolia Haw . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Rosa Us-Camas and Clelia De-la-Peña
27 Transcription Factors: Their Role in the Regulation of Somatic
Embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L. and Other Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Claudia Garcia, Dahyana Britto, and Jean-Philippe Marelli
28 MicroRNA Expression and Regulation During Maize Somatic
Embryogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Brenda Anabel López-Ruiz, Vasti Thamara Juárez-González,
Elva Carolina Chávez-Hernández, and Tzvetanka D. Dinkova
29 Elaboration of Transcriptome During the Induction of Somatic
Embryogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Elsa Góngora-Castillo, Geovanny I. Nic-Can, Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos,
and Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
30 Induction of Specialized Metabolism in In Vitro Cultures
of Capsicum chinense Jacq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Felipe A. Vázquez-Flota and María de Lourdes Miranda-Ham
31 Analysis of Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids, Carotenoids, Phytosterols,
and NMR-Based Metabolomics for Catharanthus roseus
Cell Suspension Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Mohd Zuwairi Saiman, Natali Rianika Mustafa, and Robert Verpoorte
32 Transformed Root Culture: From Genetic Transformation
to NMR-Based Metabolomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Andrey S. Marchev, Zhenya P. Yordanova, and Milen I. Georgiev
33 Genetic Transformation of Pentalinon andrieuxii Tissue Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Yeseña Burgos-May, Elidé Avilés-Berzunza, Luis Manuel Peña- Rodríguez,
and Gregorio Godoy-Hernández
Appendix A: The Components of the Culture Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Contributors
adela adamus • Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, Institute of Plant Biology and
Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
elIdé avIlés-Berzunza • Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro
de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
randy n. avIlez-montalvo • Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas,
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
BIljana Balen • Faculty of Science, Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology,
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
raFal BaranskI • Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, Institute of Plant Biology
and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
antonIo BernaBé-antonIo • Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Centro
Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara,
Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
dag-ragnar Blystad • Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Norwegian Institute
of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
dahyana BrItto • Mars Center for Cocoa Science, Itajuípe, BA, Brazil
letIcIa Buendía-gonzález • Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado
de México, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
yeseña Burgos-may • Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de
Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
martha joseFa Burgos-tan • Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas,
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A .C ., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
josé luIs caBrera-Ponce • Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Unidad Irapuato,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CP, Guanajuato, Mexico
jean carlos cardoso • Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Department
of Biotechnology, Plant and Animal Production, Centro de Ciências Agrárias,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, Brazil
josé luIs chan • Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de
Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
lucía IsaBel chávez ortIz • Unidad de Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Ciencias
Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
elva carolIna chávez-hernández • Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
long chen • State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
marIo cIndrIć • Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb,
Croatia
carlos Iván cruz-cárdenas • Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas,
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A .C ., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Centro
Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales,
Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, Mexico
xi