Planktonic algae, other than desmids, of three Amazonian systems (Lake Batata,

19 Pages·1996·17.2 MB·

by  De Moares Huszar, Vera Lúcia

AMAZONIANA XIY (ll2):37 - 73 Kiel, Dezember 1996
Planktonic algae, other than desmids, of three Amazonian systems
(Lake Batata, Lake Mussurá and Trombetas River)o Parâ, Brazil
by
Vera Lúcia de Moraes Huszar
Dr. Vera Lúcia de Moraes Huszar, Laboratório de Ficologia, Depto..de Botânica, Museu
Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Quinta da Boa Vista s/n', São
Cristovão, Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040. Brasil.
(Accepted for publication: June, I 996).
Abstract
The phytoplankton composition of three clear-water'Amazonian. environments (Lakes Batata and
Mussurá and Trombetas River) is presented. The results are based on 319 samples collected during one
year.l36 ofthe 228 taxa recorded are described, except desmids which have been treated elsewhere. Lake
Batata showed higher species richness (188) than both Lake Mussurá (139) and the Trombetas River (l l6),
the Chlorophyceae and Zygnemaphyceae being best represented. Lower species richness was recorded in
the area ofLake Batata influenced by bauxite tailings, when compared to the natuml (non-ir-npacted) area.
Keywords: Taxonomyn phytoplankton, Amazonia, floodplain lakes.
Rdsumo
São apresentadas as composições htoplanctônicas de três ambientes amazônicos de riguas claras (Lago
Batata, Lago Mussurá e Rio Trombetas), com base em 319 amostras coletadas durante ur.ìr ano. São
descritos 136 dos 228 táxons registrados, excetuando-se as desmidias, objeto de outro artigo. O Lago
Batata apresentou maior riqueza de espécies (l 88) do que o Lago Mussurá (139) e o Rio Trombetas (l l6),
sendo Chlorophyceae e Zygnemaphyceae as classes com maior número de representantes. Menor riqueza
de espécies foi registrada na área impactada por rejeito da lavagem de bauxita do Lago Batata, se compa-
rada à área natural.
ISSN 0065-6755/199610371O MPI ftir Limnologie, AG Tropenökologie, Plön; INPA, Manaus
36 JI
IntroductÍon phycological flora, analyzing the floristic composition of three clear-water systems and
including taxonomic considerations, excluding desmids which were the object of a sfudy
Taxonomic studies in tropical waters are recent, compared to studies in aquatic by SoPHIA & HUSZAR (1996).
environments of temperate regions. The work of MARTIUS et al. (1833) constitutes the
fltrst taxonomic study of Brazilian algae, focusing principally on marine material. For
Amazonia, the f,rrst article published was by EHRENBERG (1843), who cited three Study Area
species of algae from Rio Coari, Amazonas.
Phycological knowledge of Amazonia is contained in 70 works, 46 of which treat Lakes Batata (56'14' to 56"00'V/, 1"28' to 1"33'S) and Mussurá (56"18' to
taxonomic groups from samples collected in the most varied environments; 13 others 56"19'W, l'26' to 1"29'5) are clear-water lakes and are situated on the right and left
constitute a floristic sampling of ph¡oplankton as a whole, from certain lakes and banks respectively of the Trombetas River, near Porto Trombetas in the Municipality of
rivers; nine treated the phytoplankton quantitatively, citing genera and/or species of Oriximiná, State of Pará,Brazll (Fig. l).
algae; and fwo articles are also quantitative, without however mentioning species of The regional climate corresponds to Am of Köppen (BRASIL 1984) - a humid
algae. To this list may be added the work of uHEmÓvIcu (1984), which consisrs of ffopical monsoon climate - with high precipitation during some months, compensated by
a succinct revision, with commentary, of the 30 phycological works on Amazonia the occurrence of one or two months with precipitation less than 60 mm.
published up to 1981. Lake Batata is a lateral dam lake (PANOSSO 1993), with ar: area of about 29.5 km2
Forty years after the sfudy of EHRENBERG (1834). the work of DICKIE (1881) water surface during the drowdown water stage, and is permanently connected to the
appeared, which cited 188 taxa of diatoms, 31 desmids and 70 taxa of other algal Trombetas river. Depending on the amplitude of the hydrological pulse, the river waters
groups for the Amazon River and its tributaries. GINZBERGER (1928) published his may rise above the level of the dike which separates the river from Lake Batata. About
program of algal collections near Santarém, and the articles of GESSNER (1931), 20 km southwest of Lake Batata, the bauxite mine worked by the company Mineração
GESSNER & KOLBE (1934), KAMMERER (193S) and GRÖNBLAD (1945) were Rio do Norte S.A. is located, in the Serra do Saracá. From 1979 to 1989 the bauxite
produced based on that material. tailings resulting from ore processing were discharged into the west part of Lake Batata,
Subsequent phycological research in Amazonia was based principally on the abun- eventually covering about 30 % of the total lake area during the high water stage
dant material collected by Dr. Harald Sioli between 1940 and 1954. Numerous works (ROLAND & ESTEVES 1993) and about 20 % during low water (PANOSSO 1993).
were based on Dr. Sioli's contribution, such as those of HUSTEDT (1952a, 1952b, Lake Mussurá, about 7.7 km2 in area (during the drowdown water stage), is perma-
1955a, 1955b, 1965) on diaroms, and rhose of FÖRSTER (1963, t964, 1966, tg6g, nently cormected to the Trombetas River by an outflow and its shores are totally
1974), GRÖNBLAD & KALLIO (1954) and SCOTT er al. (1965) on desmids. preserved.
In addition to the articles already mentioned on the taxonomy of Amazonian algae, The waters of the systems studied (Tab. l) are characterized by low values of
there are those of MÖBIUS (1892), ZIMMERMANN (1913, tgt|), DROUET (t937, electrical conductivity, pH, alkalinity and soluble reactive phosphorus (HUSZAR 1994).
1938), GRONBLAD (1954), PRESCOTT (tgs7), WOODHEAD & TWEED (19s7),
THOMASSON (19s5, 1977), WOOD (1966), GESSNER & SIMONSEN (1967),
MARTINS (1980, 1982, 1986a, 1986b), SANT'ANNA & MARTINS (1987), HICKEL Material and methods
& POLLINGHER (1988), BICUDO (1986), CRONBERG (1989), PALAMAR-
MORDVINTSEVA & TSARENKO ( 1990), BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA (1990a, 1992, The study of the phytoplankton community was based on 319 samples collected weekly and also evet'y
1993a,1993b,1994), LOPES (1992) and CONFORTI (1993, 1994). three months. The trimonthly collections were made at the four stages of the Rio Trombetas hydrological
The planktonic flora of waterbodies and watercourses was analyzed by several cycle: drowdown water (September/1988), low water (December/1988), filling water (March/1989) and
aurhors (THOMASSON l97l; UHERKÓVICH & SCHMIDT l97a; SCHMIDT & high water (June/1989). Fifteen collection stations were established: Stations I and l3 in the Trombetas
UHERKÓVI CH tgl 3, I 974; UHERKÓVICH 197 6, |9ï|;BITTENCOITRT-OLIVEIRA River, Stations 2 to lOC in Lake Batata and Stations ll and l2 in Lake Mussurá (Fig. l). The weekly
1990b). During this phase, there also appeared the only work on periphytic flora collections were made in the subsurface layer of Lake Batata (Stations 8 and I 0) fionr 04/Septenlbel'/88 to
(UHERKOVICH & FRANKEN 1980). Data on species dominance were furnished by 05/October/89, thus also including the four stages of the hydrological cycle.
The subsurface samples were collected by filling bottles directely with water, and the others with a
SCHMIDT (1973b,1982) and quantitative information on the phytoplankton community Van Dorn bottle; all were fixed in acetic Lugol's solution (VOLLENWEIDER 1974). For identifícation of
were presented by BRAUN (1952), RIBEIRO (1978), UHERKÓVICH & RAI (tg7g),
populations, in addition to the quantitative samples processed by the UTERMÖHL (tSSS) method, live
FISHER (1978), FISHER & PARSLEY (t979), SCHMIDT (t969,1970, t973b,1982), samples collected with and withor¡t a 25 ¡rm mesh net were used, as well as samples collected with the
MAGRIN (1993), HUSZAR (1994) and RODRIGUES (1994). same net and fixed with Transeau's solution. These last were deposited in the Herbarium of the Museu
It is also appropriate to mention some floristic and taxonomic phycological studies Nacional (R), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
developed for the Bolivian Amazon by ILTIS & COUTÉ (1984), THÉREZIEN (1985,
1986a, 1986b, 1987) and CADIMA (1990).
The objective of the present work is to contribute to knowledge of the Amazonian
38 39
Results in a region where the waters drain Precambrian terrain, leading to a scarcity of dis-
solved nutrients (SIOLI 1968). The hypothesis is suggested that the small size of the
The Composition of the Phytoplankton of Lake Batata, Lake Mussurá and organisms, and consequently the higher surface/volume ratio, is a strategy to optimize
Trombetas River absorption of scarce nutrients (HUSZAR 1994). This idea was corroborated when the
The phytoplankton communities of the systems sfudied were constitutedby 228 taxa sizes of the algae in this region were compared to those of other Amazonian limnetic
(species, varieties and taxonomic forms), distributed among 94 genera belonging to l0 ecosystems, principally white waters with higher nutrient contents, where the phycolo-
taxonomic clases, as shown in Table 2. gical flora, especially Chlorococcales and Desmids is relatively well known. This
Of the 228 taxa (Chart 1), lJ4 were identif,red to specific or infraspecific levels, comparison indicated that the algae of Lake Batata, Lake Mussurá and Trombetas River
(146 species, 21 varieties and 7 taxonomic forms). Of the 55 taxa not determined to this were also smaller than algae recorded for other Amazonian waters.
level, 32 were identihed to the level of genus. A new species to science, belonging to
the genus Bitrichia, is being described (MENEZES & HUSZAR, in prep.). The Phytoplanktonic Organisms of Lakes Batata and Mussurá and Trombetas
Of the total number of species recorded, 93 Yo occt¡rred in the trimonthly and 75 o/o River
in the weekly collections. Lake Batata showed higher species richness than Lake In this section, the 136 taxa identified to infrageneric levels are listed and illustrated,
Mussurá and the stretch of the Trombetas River that was studied; however the distribu- except for the 40 taxa of desmids which are presented in SOPHIA & HUSZAR (1996).
tion of species numbers by class was similar in the three systems, with Chlorophyceae The taxa are briefly described, the range of variation in their dimensions is presented
and Zygnemaphyceae predominating (Tab. 3). and most of them are illustred.
In Lake Batata, all classes of algae occuned in greater or equal species number at
the natural station than at the station impacted by bauxite tailings, with 162 taxa Cyanophyceae
recorded from the natural area and 149 from the impacted area. Reduction in water Chroococcales
transparency and increase in sedimentation rate of the algae carried down by the clays l. Aphanothece clathrata WEST & WEST (Pl. I, Fig. 1)
composing the tailings are the causes of the lower species richness in the impacted area Trans. R. Ir. Acad. Ser. B 32: lll, pl. 10, figs.9-ll, 1906.
(HUSZAR 1994). Colonies generally with 16 cells, rarely more, cells cylindrical. without pseudovacuo-
Of the 228 species found in the three systems, 51 were exclusive to Lake Batata, 12 les. Cell length 1.5-4.8, width 0.5-l.l ¡rm.
to Lake Mussurá and 6 to the stretch of the Rio Trombetas that was studied. Only 5 of 2. Chroococcus minor 6ÛTZING) NÁGELI (Pl. I, Fig. 6)
these 5l species occurred in high densities; the remaining species found exclusively in Gatt. einzell. Algen p. 47, pI. lA, fig. 4, 1849.
Lake Batata and all those found exclusively in Mussurá and Trombetas were quite rare. Cells solitary, spherical, with conspicuous mucilaginous sheath. Cell diameter 1.5-3.5
It appears that such exclusivity occured principally because of the lower chance that pm.
these species would be counted due to differences in sampling frequency, rather than 3. Eucapsis alpina CLEMENTS & SHANTZ var. minor SKUJA (Pl. I, Fig. 2)
because of environmental differences. Acta Horti bot. Univ. latv. l: 155, pl. 2, frg.2, 1926.
Lake Batata was more species-rich during all four stages of the hydrological cycle Cubical colonies of 8-16 spherical cells. Cell diameter 1.0-3.2 pm.
than were Lake Mussurá and Trombetas River (Tab. 4). Possibly these differences 4. Merismopedia tenuissima LEMMERMANN (P1. I, Fig. 8)
occured not only as a function of greater environmental heterogeneity in Lake Batata, Bot. Zbl. 76: 154,1898.
which has several distinct compartments (bay, natural area, impacted area, outlet. canal, Tabular colonies, 8-16-32-64-128 spherical cells, hemispherical after division. Cell
etc.), but also because of the greater collection effort in Lake Batata. diameter 1.2-2.4 pm.
Between 55 and 60 o/o of the species recorded for each environment studied could 5. Microcystis aeruginosa KÜTZING f.flos-aquae (WITTROCK) ELENKIN (P1.I,
be found during each of the petiods of drowdown water, low water and f,rlling water, Fig. 5)
and only 17 to 28 % during the high water phase. Monogr. Alg. cyanoph. pars spec. l: 106, 1938.
The phytoplankton species ofthe area studied are characterized by small size (ca. 60 Spherical or elongate colonies, numerous spherical cells, with pseudovacuoles. Cell
o/o of the total), if their degree of variation and mean linear dimensions are compared diameter 2.0-3.0 pm.
with data established from the literature (Tab. 5). For this analysis, only the taxa 6. Microcystis aeruginosa KÛTZING f . protocystis (CROW) ELENKIN (Pl. I, Fig'
identified with certainty to infrageneric levels were considered. For all taxonomic l3)
classes, except the Chrysophyceae, between 50 and 70 % of their taxa had dimensions Monogr. Alg. cyanoph. pars spec. l: 106, 1938.
smaller than or at the lower limit of the size interval recorded in the literature. This Spherical colonies, numerous spherical cells, with pseudovacuoles. Cell diameter 0.8-
phenomenon was independent of the environment and of the spatial and temporal 1.6 pm.
distributions in each of the three environments.
The low water conductivify in the systems studied indicated reduced content of
dissolved salts, for example soluble reactive phosphorus. Such environments are located
40 4t
7. Microcystis elachista (WEST & WEST) COMPÈRX (P1. I, Fig. 4) ChloroPhYceae
Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 37: 245, 1967. Chlorococcales
Spherical colonies, 16 spherical cells, without pseudovacuoles. Cell diameter 0.8-1.5 17. Ankistrodesmus bernarclit KOMÁREK (Pl. II, Fig. l)
pm. Nova Hedwigia 37: 138, pl. 25, frg.65, 1983.
8. Synechococcus elegans (WOLOSZYNSKA) KOMÁREK (pl. I, Fig. 7) Colonies of 4-8 fusiform-elongate cells, slightly curved in median region. Cell length
Arch. Protistenk. 112: 367, 1970. 29.1-60.0, diameter 1.5-2.0 ¡rm.
Colonies ftlamentous, irregularly curved, of 2-4-8 cylindrical cells. Cell length 2.4- 18. Ankistrodesmus fusiþrm,s CORDA sers¿¿ KORSIKOV (Pl. II, Fig. 2)
4.8, width 0.8-1.5 ¡rm. Protococcineae p. 300, ftg.263, 1953.
9. Synechococcus elongatus NÄGELI (Pl. I, Fig. 9) Colonies of 2-4 fusiform-elongate cells, straight, arranged in cross. Cell length 40.0-
Gatt. einzell. Algen p. 56, frg. 5, 1849. 48.4, diameter 1.5-1.8 ¡rm.
cells generally solitary, rarely in chains of 2 cylindrical cells. cell length 3.5-6.0, 19. Ankistrodesmus gracilis (REINSCH) KORSIKOV
width 1.0-2.4 ¡"rm. Protococcineae p. 305, frg. 267, 1953.
10. Synechocystis aquatílis SAUVAGEAU (P1. I, Fig. 3) Colonies of 4lunate cells, convex sides turned toward center. Cell width ca. 13.0,
Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 14: 121, pl. 6, hg. 2,1892. diameter 2.7-2.9, distance between apices ca. 7.3 ¡tm.
Cells solitary, spherical. Cell diameter 2.0-3.5 ¡rm. 20. Botryococcus.þrnando, KOMAREK & MARVAN (Pl. II, Fig. 8)
fuch. Protistenk. 141: 89,1992.
Oscillatoriales Colonies rounded or elongate; numerous obovate cells, 3/4 covered by mucilaginous
11. Lyngbya cebennensis (GOMONT) COMPÈRE @1. I, Fig. t2) sheath, radially oriented. Diameter of rounded colonies 16.9-24.2 ¡rm, length of elongate
Bull. Jard. bot. nat. Belg. 44: 18, 1974. colonies 72.6-81.5, width 48.4-60.5 pm; cell length 5.0-11.0, width 2.1-6.3 ¡rm.
Straight trichomes formed by cells l.l-1.4 times longer than wide. cell length 1.5- 21. Chlorella homosphaera SKUJA (Pl. II, Fig. 6)
2.1, width 1.3-1.5 ¡rm. Symb. bot. Upsal. 9(3): 130, pl. 15, figs. l3a-k. 1948.
12. Oscillatoria chalybea MERTENS var. insularis GARDNER (Pl. I, Fig. t5) Cells solitary, spherical, chloroplast poculiform, without pyrenoid. Cell diameter 2.4-
Mem. N. York. Bot Gard 7: 36, pl. 7, ftg. 68, 1927. 5.0 ¡rm.
Trichomes straight, constricted at the cross walls; cells 1.4-1.6 times longer than 22. Choricystis cylindracea HINDAK (Pl. II, Fig. 7)
wide. Cell length 3.4-5.3, width 6.6-7.5 ¡tm. Biol. Prace 34(ll2): 182, pl. 65, figs. l-2, 1988.
13. Oscillatoria geminata (MENEGHIND GOMONT (Pl. I, Fig. 14) Cells solitary, cylindrical to ovate. Cell length 5.0-9.0, width 1.9-2.0 pm.
Annls Sci. nat. Ser. 7, Bot. 16:222,1892. 23. Closteriopsis longissima (LEMMERMANN) LEMMERMANN (Pl. II, Fig. l3)
Trichomes straight, constricted at the cross walls; cells 1.4-4.6 times longer than Forsch. Ber. biol. Stn. Plön 7:124, pl. 2, ftgs. 36-38, 1899.
wide, with refringent granules dispersed in protoplasm. cell length 3.7-12.1, width 2.1- Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, l6 pyrenoids arranged in row. Cell length 169.4-
3.4 pm. 204.0, width 2.4-3.0 ¡tm.
14. Oscillatoria limnetica LEMMERMANN (Pl. I, Fig. ll) 24. Coccomyxa lacustris (CHODAT) PASCHER (Pl. II, Fig. 14)
Ber. dt. bot. Ges. l8: 310, 1900. Süsswass. Flora V. 5, p. 210, 1915.
Trichomes straight, contricted at the cross walls; cells 4.5-4.8 times longer than Colonies rounded, 4-16 elliptical cells, without pyrenoid, arranged irregularly in
wide. Cell length 4.5-9.6, width 1.0-2.0 ¡rm. mucilaginous sheath. Cell length 4.8-8.9, width 1.2-3.6 ¡rm.
15. Oscillatoria quadripunctulata BRÜHL & BISWAS (pl. I, Fig. l0) 25. Coelastrum indicum TURNER (Pl. II, Fig. 15)
J. Dep. Sci. Calcutta Univ. 4: 5, pl. 1, ftg. 6,1922. Bih. K. svenska Vetensk Akad. Handl.25(5): 161, pl. 20, hg. l l, 1898.
Trichomes straight, not constricted at the cross walls; celIs 2.0-2.5 times longer than Cenobia spherical, 24 cells subovate in lateral view, polyhedrical in vertical view;
wide, with I refringent granule at each pole. Cell length 2.0-5.0, width 1.0-2.0 pm. outer pole with conical-rounded projection, 6 interconnecting processes, each uniting
16. Oscillatoria cf. transvaalensis CHOLNOKY (Pl. I, Fig. l6) with a neighboring cell. Cell length 5.2-9.7,width7.7-14.5 pm. Autospores 2.5-5.0 ¡rm.
Hydrobiologia 7(3): 192, fig. 116-117 , 1955. 26. Coelastrum polychordun (KORSIKOV) HINDAK
Trichomes straight, constricted at the cross walls; cells 3.7-4.8 times wider than Biol. Prace 23(4): 176, pl. 73, figs. 3-6, 1977.
long. Cell length 3.6-5.8, width 17.5-22.4 ¡tm. Cenobia spherical, 4 cells discoid in lateral and vertical view, 8 interconnecting
processes on each cell, each group of 2 processes uniting with each neighboring cell.
Cell diameter 7.2-7.5 ¡tm.
27. Coelastrum reticulatum (DANGEARD) SENN (Pl. II, Fig. 1l)
Bot. Ztg.57: 66, pl. 2, figs. 1-10, 1899.
Cenobia spherical, of 4 cells that are discoid in lateral and vertical view; 5 intercon-
42 43
necting processes, each process uniting with a neighboring cell. Frequent syncenobia. 39. Kirchneriella dianae (BOHLfN COMAS (Pl. III, Fig. 12)
Cell diameter 5.3-7.4 pm; autospores 1.8-3.9 ¡rm. Acta bot. cubana 2: 1980.
28. Coenochloris piscinalis FOTT (Pl. m, Fig. l) Colonies rounded, 8-32 lunate cells, apices acuminate, arranged in same plane and
Preslia 46: 17, ftgs. 9a-f, 1974. turned toward periphery of colony, 1 pyrenoid. Cell diameter 7.3-7.5, width 8.0-8.4 prm;
Rounded colonies of 4-32 spherical cells, close to each other, arranged in tetrahe- diameter of autospores ca.2.3, width ca. 4.2 pm.
dron, with 2 fragments in form of irregular, opposed and parallel skullcaps. cell 40. Kirchneriella roselata HINDÁK Gl. IV, Fig. la)
diameter 8.6-10.5 pm; autospores spherical, 4.5-6.1 ¡rm. Biol. Prace 30:232, pl. 84, 1984.
29. Crucigenía tetrapedia (KIRCHNER) WEST & WEST (Pl. II, Fig. 10) Colonies rounded or elongate, 8 lunate cells, apices acuminate. concave side oriented
Trans. R. Ir. Acad. Ser. B 32: 62,pL. l, frgs. ll-12, 1902. toward center of colony, mucilaginous remnants present. Cell diameter 1.0-1.5, width
Cenobia flat, quadrangular,2-4 triangular cells, arranged in cros. Cell width 2.0-4.8 5.9-6.1 Pm.
pm. 41. Korshikoviella limneticø (LEMMERMANN) SILVA
30. Crucigeniella apiculøta (LEMMERMANN) KOMÁnpf (pl. II, Fig. 9) Taxon 8(2): 63,1959.
Arch. Protistenk. 116: 38, 1974,Fig. Cells solitary, fusiform - straight; one apex terminating in spine, other apex in
Cenobia flat, rectangular, 4 ovate cells, thickened at apex and at outer base of each delicate seta, without basal disc or bifurcation. Cell length ca. 53.5, width ca. 2.8 ¡"rm.
cell. Cell length 5.3-5.8, width 2.1-3.4 pm. 42. Lagerheimia chodati BERNARD (Pl. III, Fig. a)
3l. Dicqtosphaerium pulchellum WOOD (Pl. m, Fig. 2) Protoc. Desm. Java p. 170, figs. 349-350, 1908.
Smithson. Contr. Knowl. l9Qa\:84, pl. 10, frg. 4, 1872. Cells solitary, spherical, 4 spines arranged in cross. Cell diameter 6.5-7.5 ¡-rm, spines
Colonies rounded, groups of 2-4 spherical cells, united by mucilaginous strands. ca. l2.l pm.
Cells frequently isolated. Cell diameter 4.8-5.5 mm; autospores elliptical, ca. 2.0 x 2.4- 43. Lagerheimia ciliqta (LAGERHEIM) CHODAT
2.5 ¡tm. Nuova Notarisia 4: 90, 1895.
32. Diplochloris lunata (FOTT) FOTT Cells solitary, elliptical, 3 curved spines on each pole. Cell length ca. 10.0, width ca.
Algol. Stud. 23: 143, figs. 4a-e, 1979. 8.0 ¡rm; spines ca. 12.1 pm.
Colonies of 2 curved cylindrical cells, united by convex part and ananged approxi- 44. Lagerheimia subsalsa LEMMERMANN
mately in cross. Cell length 7.0-14.5, widthl.5-3.2 pm. Forsch. Ber. biol. Stn. Plön 6: 28, pl. 5, f,rgs. 2-6, 1898.
33. Etakatothrix gelifacta (CHODAT) HINDÁK Gl. II, Fig. l6) Cells solitary, elliptical, 4 straight spines on each pole. Cell length ca. 5.0, width
Preslia 59: 207, figs. 6. 7, 8-ll, 1987. 2.5-3.0 ¡rm; spines 5.5 pm.
Cells solitary, fusiform, usually constricted at middle,2 pyrenoids, rarely l. Cell 45. Micractinium appendiculatum KORSIKOV (Pl. III, Fig. l7)
length 16.8-29.0, width 2.4-4.8 ¡tm. Protococcineae p. 402, frg. 406, 1953.
34. Etakatothrix genevensi.s (REVERDIN) HINDÁK (Pl. II, Fig. 12) Colonies of 4-8 subovate cells, arranged in parallel; outer margin with 3 setae. Cell
Preslia 34: 287, pl. 27, figs. 3, 32, f 1-2, 1962. length 3.1-4.8, width 5.3-7.3 pm; setae ca.24.2 ¡tm.
Cells solitary, fusiform, without pyrenoid. Cell length 6.0-14.5, width 1.0-2.5 ¡rm. 46. Micractinium pusillum FRAESENIUS (Pl. III, Fig. l3)
35. Euastropsi.s richteri (SCHMIDLE) LAGERHEIM Abh. senckenb. naturforsch. Ges. 2:236, pl. 11, hgs. 46-49, 1858.
Tromsö Mus. Aarsh. 17:20, pl. l, figs. 8-27.1894. Colonies of 4 spherical cells, arranged in tetrahedron; outer margin with 3-4 setae.
Cenobia flaf, of 2 trapezoidal cells, outer margin with 2 processes. Cell width ca. 4.5 Cell diameter 2.4-4.8 pm; setae 6.8-14.5 pm.
pm. 47. Monoraphidíum circínale (NYGAARD) NYGAARD (Pl. III, Fig. 7)
36. Eutetramorus planctonicøs (KORSIKOV) BOURRELLY (Pl. III, Fig. 3) Bot. Tidsskr. 73(314): 212, 1979.
Int. Revue ges. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr. 5I(l):2, 1966. Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, spiral. Cell diameter 1.5-3.0, width 4.8-8.1 pm.
Colonies rounded, of 4-16 cells, with groups of 2-4 spherical cells, arranged 2by 2 48. Monoraphidium contortum (THURET) KOMÁRKOVA-LEGNEROVÁ (Pl. III,
in different planes. Cell diameter 9.6-12.0 ¡tm. Fig. 6)
37. Golenkinia paucispina WEST & WEST Stud. Phycol. p. 104, pl. 18, hg. l-5,1969.
Trans. R. Ir. Acad. 32: 68, pl. l, ñg. 18,1902. Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, helicoidal,0.5 to 1.0 rotations. Cell diameter 1.0-
Cells solitary, spherical, with numerous straight spines arranged regularly, 1 reniform 3.0, distance between apices 7.2-16.0 pm.
pyrenoid. Cell diameter 6.5-7.3 pm; spines ca. 4.8 ¡rm. 49. Monoraphidium convolutum (CORDA) KOMARKOVA-LEGNEROVA (Pl. III,
38. Golenkiniopsis pantula (WORONICHIN) KORSIKOV (Pl. V, Fig.3) Fig. 9)
Protococcineae p. 265, frg. 218, 1953. Stud. Phycol. p. 107, pL.20,1969.
Cells solitary, spherical, numerous straight spines arranged regularly, I spherical Cells solitary, lunate. Cell diameter 1.5-2.0,width1.2-7.5, distance between apices
pyrenoid. Cell diameter 3.5-8.9 ¡rm, spines 5.0-14.0 ¡"rm. ca. 7.2 ¡tm.
44 45
50. Monoraphidium cf . dybowskii (woLoszyNSKA) HINDÁK & KoMÁRKovA- Cells solitary, rarely in colonies, elliptical, poles acute, generally with thickening, 2
LEGNEROVA (Pl. III, Fig. ls) parietal shield-shaped chloroplasts; autospores released by dissolution of wall of mother
Stud. Phycol. p. 108, pl. 21, figs. t-4,1969. cell, with I alveiform chloroplast. Cell length 6.8-12.0, width 2.4-4.8 pm; length of
cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, apices rounded. cell length 12.0-25.3, diameter 2.4- autospores 4.2-5.8, width 1.8-3.4 ¡rm.
4.0 ¡rm. 62. Pediastrum privum (PRINTZ) HEGEWALD (Pl. IV, Fig. 3)
51. Monoraphidium fontinale HINDÁK (pl. III, Fig. 5) In: HEGEWALD & SCHNEPF, Algol. Stud. 22: 25.1979.
Biol. Prace 26(6): 144, pl. 60, fig. 2,1980. Cenobia quadrate, 4 triangular cells arranged in cross, outer margin with 2 projec-
cells solitary, fusiform, slightly curved, apices acute. cell diameter 3.7-4.0, distance tions on each angle. Cell length 4.7-5.5, width 6.8-9.5 pm.
between apices 7.3-19.3 pm. 63. Pediastrum tetras (P1. IV, Fig. 2)
52. Monoraphídium irregulare (G.M. SMITH) KOMÁRKOVA-LEGNEROVÁ el. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 14: 464, pl. 2, frg. 4, 1844.
V, Fig. 2) Cenobia rounded, 4-8 polygonal cells, outer margin with 2 bifurcate processes. Cell
Stud. Phycol. p. 106, pl. 19,1969. width 7.0-7.3 pm.
Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, helicoidal, ca. 2.0 rotations. Cell diameter 0.8-2.4, 64. Quødricoccus ellipticus HORTOBAgYI
distance between apices 9.7-30.0 pm. Acta bot. hung. 18: 126, frg. 19,1973.
53. Monoraphidium komarkovae NYGAARD (Pl. III, Fig. l6) Colonies of 4 elliptical cells, arranged with lateral part longitudinal in mucilaginous
Bot. Tidsskr. 7 3(3/4): 212, 1919. remnants of mother cell wall like a scale. Cell length ca. 6.8, width ca. 4.0 prm.
cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, straight. cell length 24.2-50.4, diameter 1.5-2.5 65. Quadrigula closterioides (BOHLIN) PRINTZ (Pl. IV, Fig. 6)
pm. K. norske Vidensk. Selsk. Sk. l9l5(2): 49, 1915.
54. Monoraphidíum longiusculum HINDÁK Gl. III, Fig. 1a) Colonies of 4 fusiform cells, arranged in longitudinal bundles. Celllength 26.6-36.3,
Biol. Prace 30:222, pl. 80, figs. 2-4, 1984. widrh 2.4-3.1 pm.
cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, curved, median nuclear region extensive. cell 66. Quødrigula quaternata (WEST & WEST) PRINTZ
diameter 1.0-2.4. distance between apices 33.6-77.4 pm. K. norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. 1915(4): 29,1915.
55. Monoraphidium nenum (ETTL) HINDÁK (pl. III, Fig.8) Colonies of 4 cylindrical cells, curved, poles rounded, aranged in longitudinal
Biol. Prace 26(6): 145, pl. 59, figs. 2-4,1980. bundles. Cell length 12.0-16.9, width 6.0-7.3 ¡rm.
Cells solitary, lunate, apices rounded. Cell diameter 2.0-4.5, width 5.0-7.3 ¡rm. 67. Radíococcus nimbatus (DE WILDEMANN) SCHMIDLE (Pl. IV, Fig. 7)
56. Nephrochlamys cf. dannica KOMÁREK Allg. Bot. 2.8: 41,1902.
Algol. Srud. 24:253, 1979. Colonies tetrahedral, with l-4 groups of spherical cells, touching one another,
Colonies lunate, incision acute,4lunate cells, apices acute. Cell diameter 0.9-1.2, arranged in tetrahedron in extensive mucilaginous sheath, radially strucfured or not:
width 2.4-4.0 ¡rm. autospores spherical. Cell diameter 6.0-11.0; diameter of autospores 1.5-4.0 pm.
57. Nephrochlamys subsolitaria (G.5. WEST) KORSIKOV 68. Scenedesmus acutifonøis SCHRÖDER (Pl. IV, Fig. 4)
Protococcineae p. 31 l, fig.278, 1953. Forsch. Ber. Biol. Stat. Plön 5: 45, pl. 2, frg. 4a-b, 1897.
Colonies lunate, incision rounded, 2-4 lutate cells, apices rounded. Cell diameter ca. Cenobia of 4 oblong cells, linearly arranged in I row; cells with I longitudinal rib
1.0, width 3.4-4.5 ¡tm. on each anterior and posterior face. Cell length 6.3-7.0, width 2.3-2.4 pm.
58. Nephrochlamys willeana (PRINTZ) KORSIKOV (Pl. ilI, Fig. l8) 69. Scenedesmus arcuatus (LEMMERMANN) LEMMERMANN var. pla4tdiscus
Protococcineae p. 312, fig. 281, 1953. G.M. SMITH (Pl. IV, Fig. 8)
colonies lunate, incision acute, 4 curved cylindrical cells, apices rounded. cell Trans. Wisc. Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 18: 451, p1.30, figs. 101-105. 1916.
diameter 1.8-2.5, width 3.5-5.7 pm. Cenobia of 4 oblong or ovate cells, linearly ananged in 2 rows; cell wall smooth.
59. Nephrocytium agardhianum NAGELI (Pl. V, Fig. 1) Cell length 4.5-6.3, width 2.4-3.4 þrm.
Gatt. eizell. Algen. p.79, pL.3, fig. Ca-p, 1849. 70. Scenedesmus bicaudalas (HANSGIRG) CHODAT (Pl. IV, Fig. l0)
Colonies rounded, of 2-8 curved cylindrical cells, poles rounded, arranged linearly. Z. Hydrol.3: 248. 1926.
Cell diameter 1.6-2.0,length 6.0-19.6 pm. Cenobia of 2 oblong cells, linearly arranged in I row; outer cells with I spine on
60. Nephrocytium shilleri (KAMMERER) COMAS (Pl. III, Fig. t9) one of the poles, diagonally arranged. Cell length 5.0-7.4, width 2.1-2.4 pm; spines ca.
Acta bot. cubana 2: 1980. 6.0
¡"rm.
colonies rounded, of 4 lunate cells, apices rounded, arranged inegularry. cell 71. Scenedesmus dentìculq¡¿¿s LAGERHEIM (Pl. IV, Fig. 9)
diameter 2.0-5.8, length 4.8- 10.5 pm. Öfvers. K. Vetensk. Akad. Forh. 39(2):61, pI.2, figs. 13-16, 1882.
61. Oocystis lacustrís CHODAT (Pl. IV, Fig. l) Cenobia with 4 subovate cells, alternately arranged in I row; cells with l-2 short
Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: l19, pl. 10, figs. l-7, 1897. spines on each pole. Cell length 9.0-12.0, width 4.2-5.2 ¡tm.
46 41
72. Scenedesrnus ellipticus CORDA (Pl. IV, Fig. 5) Cells solitary, 4-angled, one angle in different plane, angles rounded, with I papilla.
Alm. Carlsbad 5: 208, pl. 4, figs. 48-49, 1835. Cell width 4.5-5.5 ¡-tm.
Cenobia of 2-4 oblong cells, linearly arranged in I row, cell wall smooth. Cell 82. Tetrallantos lagerheimtt TEILING (Pl. IV, Fig. 18)
length 4.2-7.5, width 1.5-3.0 ¡rm. Svensk. bot. Tidsskr. l0: 62, 1916.
73. Scenedesmus cf. heteracanthus GONZÁLEZ-GUERRERO (P1. V, Fig. 6) Cenobia of 4 lunate cells, apices rounded; cells in 2 pairs and in 2 planes, I pair
An. Jard. bot. Madr. 1: 154, frgs. 1-8, 1941. facing each other and in contact at their poles, the other pair in a longitudinal plane
Cenobia of 4 oblong cells, alternately arranged in I row; outer cells with I spine on vertical to these and so arranged that each member has I pole at the point of contact of
each pole, of different sizes, the larger spines perpendicularly arranged along the the poles of the other pair. Cell diameter 2.3-2.9, distance between apices9.7-12.0 prn.
longitudinal axis, and the smaller spines obliquely; poles of inner cells with 0-l teeth. 83. Tetrastrum glabrum (ROLL) AHLSTROM & TIFFANY
Cell length 9.0-12.0, width 3.0-4.5 pm; smaller spines 1.0-2.7, larger spiner.6.7-7.3 pm. Am. J. Bot. 2l: 504, figs. 22-24, 1934.
74. Scenedesmus intermediøs CHODAT var. bicaudatøs HORTOBÁGYI Cenobia of 4 cells, 2 trapezoidal and 2 subtriangular, outer margin convex, arranged
Arb. ung. biol. Forsch. Inst. 15: I 11, pl. 7, figs. 160-162, 1943. in cross. Cell length 4.8-5.0, width 3.0-4.8 pm.
Cenobia of 4 oblong to ovate cells, altemately arranged in I row; outer cells with I 84. Tetrastum staurogeniqeforme (SCHRÖDER) LEMMERMANN
spine on one of the poles, arranged diagonally. Cell length ca. 5.0. width ca. 2.4 ¡tm; Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 18: 95, 1900.
spines ca. 5.0 ¡rm. Cenobia of 4 cells, 2 subtrapezoid and 2 subtriangular, arranged in cross; outer
75. Scenedesmus quødricaadø (TURPIN) BRÉBISSON syre typus sensu CHODAT margin convex, with 3 spines of equal size. Cell length ca. 3.0, width ca. 2.4 ¡-rm; spines
var. quadricauda (Pl.IV, Fig. 13) ca. 8.0 pm.
Z. Hydrol. 3(314):229, ftg. 133, 1926. 85. Treubaria cf. euriacantha (SCHMIDLE) KORSIKOV
Cenobia of 2-4 oblong cells, linearly ananged in I row; outer cells with I spine on Protococcineae p. 143, fig. 83, 1953.
each pole. Cell length 4.8-1.3, width 2.3-3.0 ¡rm; spines 4.5-5.2 ¡tm. Cells solitary. protoplast triangular, 3 broad-based conical spines. Cell width ca. 4.8
J 6. Sc e ned e s mus q uadric auda (TURPIN) BRÉBIS SON v ar. lo ngi sp ina G.M. SMITH pm; spines ca. 48.4 ¡tm.
(Pl. IV, Fig. 11) 86. Treubaria planctonica (G.M. SMITH) KORSIKOV
Trans. Wisc. Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 18: 480, 1916. Protococcineae p. 145, fig. 84, 1953.
Cenobia of 2 oblong cells, linearly arranged in I row; outer cells with I spine and Cells solitary, protoplast tetrahedral, each angle with 1 spine. Cell width ca. 5.3 prm;
I tooth on each pole. Cell length ca. 7.3, width 2.3-4.8 pm; spines 4.8-5.0¡rm. spines ca. 15.3
¡,rm.
7 7 . Scen e des mus q uadric aødø (TURPIN) BREBIS SON v ar. lo n gisp i na G.M. SMITH 87. Treubaria setigera (Arch.) G.M. SMITH (P1. IV, Fig. 16)
f. asymmetricas (HORTOeÁCvr¡ UHERKÓVICH (Pl. IV, Fig. l2) Freshwat. Alg. U.S.A. p. 499, 1933.
Scenedesmus-Art ung. p. 81, figs. 471-477,1966. Cells solitary, protoplast triangular, sides concave, each angle with I spine. Cell
Cenobia of 2-4 oblong cells, linearly arranged in I row; cells with I spine on I of width 3.0-4.2 pm; spines 5.6-6.0 pLm.
the poles, diagonally arranged and I tooth on both the poles. Cell length 6.3-7.4, width 88. Ilestella botryoides (W. WEST) DE WILDEMANN (Pl. V, Fig. 4)
2.4-3.0 pm; spines 4.8-5.0 pm. Bull. Herb. Boissier, Ser. l, 5(6): 532, 1897.
78. Scenedesmus spinosus CHODAT Cenobia of 4 spherical cells, arranged in cross, forming syncenobia. Cell diameter
Monogr. Alg. Cult. Pure p. 74, pl. 2, fig. 7, 1913. 3.2-8.2 ¡tm.
Cenobia of 2 oblong cells, linearly arranged in 1 row; ceils with I spine on each
pole and I on each outer margin. Cell length ca.6.5, width ca. 2.4 pm:- spines ca. 5.0 Volvocales
pm. 89. Chlamydomona.s cf. microscopica G.S. WEST (Pl. II, Fig. 3)
79. Tetrachlorella íncerta HINDÁK J. Bot. 54: l,1916.
Biol. Prace 23(4): 144, pl. 59, frgs. I-3, 1911. Cells solitary, elliptical-elongate, 2 apical flagella, I pyrenoid. Cell length 5.0-7.9,
Cenobia rhomboidal, of 4 elliptical cells; 2 inner cells parallel to each other, poles width 1.5-4.8 ¡rm.
touching inner margin of outer cells; longitudinal axes of inner cells arranged obliquely 90. Chlamydomonas cf. skujae PASCHER
relative to outer cells. Cell length 4.6-5.0 pm, width 2.0-3.0 ¡rm. Arch. Protistenk. 65: 442, fig. 19,1929.
80. Tetraedron caudatum (CORDA) HANSGIRG (Pl. IV, Fig. l7) Cells solitary, spherical, 2 apical flagella,2 pyrenoids. Cell diameter ca. 10.0 ¡rrn.
Hedwigia 27: 131, 1888. 91. Chloromonas cf. flos-aquae (BRABEZ) GERLOFF & ETTL (Pl. II, Fig. a)
Cells solitary, 5-angled, one of angles in different plane, each with I process; In: ETTL, H. Nova Hedwigia, Beih. 34: 1970.
concave margin more pronounced between two angles. Cell width 4.8-7.8 ¡rm. Cells solitary, elliptical, 2 apical flagella, without pyrenoid. Cell length 5.8-7.3,
81. Tetraedron minimum (A. BRALIN) HANSGIRG (Pl. IV, Fig. 15) widrh 2.0-3.0 pm.
Hedwigia 27: 131, 1888.
48 49
92. Chloromonas cf . grovei (G.5. WEST) GERLOFF & ETTL (Pl. II, Fig. 5) Bacillariophyceae
In: ETTL, H. Nova Hedwigia, Beih. 34: 1970. Centrales
Cells solitary, spherical, 2 apical flagella, without pyrenoid. Cell diameter 2.4-5.0 l0I. Cyclotella stelligera CLEVE & GRUNNOW (Pl. VI, Fig. 7)
pm. In: CLEVE, P.T. Bih. K. svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl.18:22, pl. 5, fig. 63a-c, 1881.
93. Eudorina elegans EHRENBERG Cells solitary, valves circular, marginal region with radiating ribs, central region with
Abh. dt. Akad. V/iss. Berl. 1831: 78,pl.2, figs. l0A-108, 1832. I isolated point surrounded by 7 points, forming rosette. Frustule diameter 4.8-7.5 or
Colonies rounded, of32 spherical cells, arranged in groups of4 in transverse series. 9.7-19.4 ¡"rm; 10 ribs in 10 ¡rm.
Cell diameter 4.8-8.4 ¡rm. 102. Aulaco s eira agas sizii (OSTENFELD) SIMONSEN var. mal ayeirsls (HUSTEDT)
SIMONSEN (Pl. VI, Fig. 8)
Ulotrichales Bacillaria 2: 56, 1979.
94. Kotietla longisera (VISCHER) HINDÁK f. tenuis NYGAARD (Pl. m, Fig. 1l) Filaments of 4-8 cylindrical cells, valves with 12 marginal teeth, mantle with striae
K. danske Vidensk. Selsk., Biol. Skr. 2l(1):72, {rg. 65,1977. parallel to pewalvar axis. Frustule length 5.8-15.4, width 11.0-20.2 pm, ca. l5 areolae
Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, apices acuminate, hairlike. Cell length 19.4-48.4, in l0 ¡"rm and ca. 12 lines in l0 pm.
diameter 0.5-1.5 ¡rm. 103. Aulacoseira distans (EHRENBERG) SIMONSEN (Pl. VI, Fig. 4)
95. Kotietla longiseta (VISCHER) HINDÁK f. variabilis NYGAARD (P1. III, Fig. Bacillaria 2:57,1979.
l0) Filaments of 2-3 cylindrical cells, valve with marginal teeth, mantle finely punctate,
K. danske Vidensk. Selsk., Biol. Skr. 2l(1): 72, f\9. 66, 1977. sulcus and pseudosulcus distinct. Frustule length 3.8-5.5, width 3.7-4.5 ¡tm.
Cells solitary, fusiform-elongate, helicoidal. Distance between apices 5.8-8.8, 104. Auløcoseira granulata (EHRENBERG) SIMONSEN var. granulata (Pl. VI, Fig.
diameter 0.5-0.8 ¡"rm; 1.0-1.5 turns. s)
Bacillaria 2: 58, 1919.
Zygnemaphyceae Filaments of 3-6 cylindrical cells, valve with 2 larger and I smaller spines, or with
Zygnematales only 1 spine, or lacking spines; mantle with heavy striae, oblique to pervalvar axis.
96. Mougeotia cf. delicata BECK (Pl. V, Fig. 7) Frustule length 10.0-32.8, width 5.3-15.7 pm,8-12 areolae in l0 pm.
Arch. Protistenk. 55: 179, frg. 17,1926. 105. Aulacoseira granulara (EHRENBERG) SIMONSEN var. angustissina (F.O.
Cells cylindrical, forming filaments of 2-10 cells, rarely isolated, l9-47 times longer MÜLLER) SIMONSEN (Pl. VI, Fig. 9)
than wide, 4-6 pyrenoids in single row; material sterile. Cell lenght 40.0-151.3, width Bacillaria 2: 58, 1979.
1.5-3.7 pm. Differs from typical variety in greater length/width ratio of cells. Frustule length
97. Mougeotia cf . viridis (KÚTZING) WITTROCK (Pl. V, Fig. 8) 14.0-19.4, width 2.0-4.8 ¡"rm.
Bih. K. svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl. l:39, 1872. 106. Aulacoseira pseudogranulata (4. CLEVE-EULER) SIMONSEN (Pl. VI, Fig.
Cells cylindrical forming filaments of 2-5 cells, rarely isolated, l2-I3 times longer 6)
than wide, 3-5 pyrenoids in single row, conjugation scalariform, zygospores 4-angled, Bacillaria 2: 62, 1979.
sides concave, cell wall smooth. Cell length 40.0-56.0, width 4.2-6.8 pm; sides of Filaments of 2-3 cylindrical cells, valve with 2 spines of equal size, mantle with
zygospores 23.2-23.6 ¡tm. striae parallel to pervalvar axis, not always visible with optical microscope. Frustule
length 17.0-43.1, width 5.5-9.0 pm, ca. 12 areolae in l0
¡.rm.
Euglenophyceae 107. Rhizosolenia eriensis H.L. SMITH var. eriensis (Pl. VII, Fig. a)
l:
Euglenales The Lens 44,1872.
98. Euglena oxyuris SCHMARDA var. minima BOURRELLY (Pl. VI, Fig. l) Cells solitary, cylindrical, poles conical, with setae. Frustule length 48.0-68.8, u,idth
Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat., Ser. 2,21(5): 615, 1949. 4.7-7.8 pm, setae 26.4-33.2 ¡tm,3-4 intercalary bands in l0 pm.
Cells cylindrical, posterior pole abruptly attenuated in caudal process. Cell length 708. Rhizosolenia eriensis H.L. SMITH var. erien,sis f . brevispina WOLOSYNSKA
with process 60.5-82.1, width 11.6-14.2 pm; process 20.4-24.6 ¡tm. In: SCHRÖDER, B. Hedwigia 55: 1916.
99. Euglena cf. splendens DANGEARD (Pl. VI, Fig.2) Differs from typical form in smaller size of cells and setae. Frustule length 29.0-
Le Botaniste 8: 69, hg. 9, 1901. 55.7, width 4.0-7.3 pm, setae 3.0-5.0 pm.
Cells elliptical. Cell length2l.0-28.0, width 9.7-13.2 ¡tm. 109. Rhizosolenia eriensis H.L. SMITH val. morsa WEST & V/EST (Pl. VII, Fig.
100. Trachelomonas volvocinopsis SWIRENKO var. volvocinopsis (Pl. VI, Fig. 3) 8)
Arch. Hydrobiol. 9: 33, pl. 19, figs. 1-3, 1914. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb.4l(3): 509, pl. 6, fig. 23,1905.
Lorica spherical, wall smooth, numerous discoidal chloroplasts. Lorica diameter Differs from typical variety in narrower intercalary bands and in conical-truncate
12.1-15.0 pm. pole, with recess on ventral side. Frustule length 50.8-61.1, width 8.0-17.0 ¡rm,9-10
50 5l
intercalary bands in l0 pm. 120. Dinobryon bavaricum (SCHÜTT) LEMMERMANN (Pl. VIII, Fig. l)
Il0. Rhizosolenia longiseta ZACHARIASI (Pl. VII, Fig. 5) Zool. Anz.13: 484, 1890.
Forsch. Ber. biol. Stn. Plön l: 38, fig. 7, 1893. Individuals solitary, rarely colonial; lorica subcylindrical, posterior pole tapering
Cells solitary cylindrical, poles acuminate with setae. Frustule length 70.0-100.0, gradually, lateral margins crenulate. Lorica length 36.3-5 1.0, width 6.0-9.7 pm.
width 3.4-3.5 pm, setae 48.0-50.0 ¡rm, intercalary bands inconspicuous. l2l. Dinobryon crenulatun WEST & WEST
Phytopl. eng. Lake Distr. p. 325, ftg.7c-d, 1909.
Pennales Individuals solitary, lorica subcylindrical, posterior pole tapering abruptly, lateral
llL Brachysira vitrea (GRLTNNOW) R. ROSS (Pl. VII, Fig. l) margins crenulate. Lorica length 36.3-41.4, width 7.3-9.7 ¡tm.
In: HARTLEY, J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 66: 601, 1986. 122. Dinobryon dîvergens IMHOF
Cells solitary, valves lanceolate, extremities attenuated, sometimes capitate ends, Jber. naturf. ges. Granbündens 30: 134, 1887.
central area ovoid; striae radiate, finely punctate. Frustule length 19.8-38.7, width 4.8- Individuals colonial, lorica subcylindrical, posterior pole tapering abruptly, recurued,
7.3 pm,30 striae in l0 pm. lateral margins crenulate. Lorica length ca. 37.6, width 8.5 ¡rm.
123. Dinobryon petiolattm WIL LÉN
Xanthophyceae Nova Hedwigia 6(112): aa, pl. 9(l), frgs. 30-32.
Mischococcales Individuals solitary, lorica campanulate, posterior pole conical with peduncle, lateral
112. Centritractus belenophorus LEMMERMANN (Pl. VII, Fig. 6) margins smooth. Lorica length not including peduncle ca. 39.4, width ca. 4.8 ¡un;
Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 18:274, 1900. peduncle ca. 40.0 pm.
Cells solitary, cylindrical, poles conical with I spine, numerous discoidal chloro- 124. Dinobryon sertularia EHRENBERG (Pl. VIII, Fig. 5)
plasts. Cell length not including spines 36.8-50.8, width 6.0-7.9, spines 39.5-45.0 pm. Abh. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1833: 280, 1835.
113. Goniochloris mutica (4. BRAI-IN) FOTT (Pl. VII, Fig.2) Individuals solitary, rarely colonial, lorica subcampanulate, posterior pole conical,
Preslia 32: 146, frgs.2,3a, 1960. lateral margins smooth. Lorica length 26.3-31.6, width 7.9-11.0 ¡rm,
Cells solitary, with 3 rounded angles, 2-3 chloroplasts. Cell width 7.0-7.5
¡-Lm.
114. Isthmochloron gracile (REINSCH) SKUJA (Pl. VII, Fig. 9) Mallomonadales
Nova Acta R. Soc. sci. upsal., Ser.4, l4(5):173,1949. 125. Chrysodidymus synuroides PROWSE (Pl. VIII, Fig. 2)
Cells solitary, 4-angled, each angle with I bifurcate process ending in spines, Gdns' Bull. Singapore 19: 128, pl. 4, fig. m,1962.
numerous discoidal chloroplasts. Cell width including process 31.0-43.6 pm. Colonies of 2 obovate cells, united by broadened pole, 2 parietal chloroplasts, 2
ll5. Te*aedriella jovetii (BOURRELLY) BOURRELLY (Pl. VII, Fig. 3) flagella of unequal lengths. Cell length 13.7-16.9, width 8.0-12.1 pm.
Algues d'Eaux Douces Y.2.p. 186, frg. 10, 1968. 126. Synura cf . uvella EHRENBERG (P1. VIII, Fig. 6)
Cells solitary, tetrahedral, poles rounded, numerous discoidal chloroplasts. Cell width Infusthierchen p. 61, pl. 3, figs. 9r-95, 1838.
9.0-11.0 pm. Colonies of 6-12 pyriform cells, rarely isolated, covered with scales; 2 paríetal
l16. Tetraplekton deniseae BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA (P1. VII, Fig. 7) chloroplasts, laminar, 2 anterior flagella of unequal lengths. Cell length 9.7-24.2,width
Hoehnea l7(\: a9, f,rg. I, 1991. 7.3-9.7 ¡tm.
Cells solitary, tetrahedral, each angle with I process terminating in spine, numerous
discoidal chloroplasts. Cell width including process 31.0-58.0 pm. Cryptophyceae
Cryptomonadales
Chrysophyceae 127. Chroomonas acuta UTERMÖHL (Pl. VIII. Fig. a)
Ochromonadales Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 5: 399, ft5. 34, 1925.
ll7. Chromulina cf. gyrans STEIN (Pl. VII, Fig. 10) Cells ovate in lateral view, posterior pole tapering, directed ventrally; I lobate
Cells solitary, obovate, flattened in lateral view, I apical flagellum ca. 1.5 times chloroplast, I dorsal pyrenoid in anterior halfofcell and I refringent granule in posteri-
length of body. Cell length 6.8-9.6, width 2.5-3.5 pm. or half. Cell length 5.0-9.7, width 2.4-4.8 pm.
118. Chromulina mikroplankton (PASCHER) PASCHER (Pl. VII, Fig. I l) 128. Cryptomonas curvata EHRENBERG
Sùsswass. Flora V. 2,Part2,p. 15, fig. 13, 1913. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. '13: 148, 1921.
Cells solitary, ovate, I apical flagellum. Cell length 2.6-4.3, width 1.6-2.5 pm. Cells sigmoid in lateral view, bilaterally flattened, posterior pole ventrally curued;
l19. Chrysococcus punctiforz¿s PASCHER (Pl. VIII, Fig. 3) 2 parietal chloroplasts, lateral, I cynetonucleus in median posterior region. Ceil length
Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 29: 529, pl. 19, fig. l8a-d, 1911. 29.1-50.8, width 12.1-19.4 pm.
Cells solitary, spherical, cell wall smooth, I apical flagellum, ca. 5 times body 129. Cryptomonas cf. marsonii SKUJA (Pl. IX, Fig. l)
length. Cell diameter 2.4-3.7 pm. Symb. bot. upsal. 9(3): 357, pl.37, fìgs. 4I-42, 1948.
52
53
Cells sigmoid in lateral view, posterior pole tapering, directed dorsally; 2 parietal water stages, than during the high water stage, in all three systems studied.
chloroplasts, lateral. Cell length 10.0-13.2, width 5.5-10.7 ¡rm or length 19.4-25.3, width 4) The species studied were characterized by their smaller size than has been
12.1-15.3 pm. recorded in the literature for the same taxa.
130. Cryptomonas obovata SKUJA 5) The distribution of species numbers by class was similar in the three systems,
S1'rnb. bot. upsal. 9(3): 356, pl. 38, figs. 4-6,1948. with C hlorophyr;eae and Zy gnemaphyceae predominating.
Cells obovate to elliptical in lateral víew,2 parietal chloroplasts, lateral; 2 Maupas'
corpuscles, dorsal in anterior half of cell. Cell length 17.0-20.0, width 7.3-11.6 ¡,rm.
l3l. Cryptomonas phaseol¿¿s SKUJA Acknowledgments
Symb. bot. upsal. 9(3): 356, pl. 38, figs. 4-6,1948.
Cells obovate in lateral view; 2 parietal chloroplasts, lateral. Cell lcngth 7.2-14.0, I would like to thank Dr. Francisco Assis Esteves, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, who
width 3.0-7.3 pm. invited the author to study the phytoplankton of Lake Batata, and Dr. Janet Reid, Smithsonian lnstitutior.r,
132. Crytomonas cf. pyrenoidifera GEITLER (Pl. VI[, Figs. 7-9). for the English translation.
Int. Rev. ges. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr. l0: 684, frgs. e-f, 1922. I also gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following organizations: Mineraçào Rio do
Cells obovate in lateral view, posterior pole tapering, directed dorsally; 2 patietal Norte S.4., Fundaçào José Bonifácio/UFRJ, and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifìco e
chloroplasts, lateral, each with l pyrenoid. Cell length 6.3-12.1, width 3.2-6.8 ¡rm. Tecnológico.
Dinophyceae
References
Peridiniales
133. Gymnodinium cf. cnecoides HARRIS (Pl. IX, Fig. 2) BICUDO, C.E.M. (1986): Ichthyocercus ntanauensis, a new desr¡id (Zygnemaphyceae) tion Northerrr
Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 152:9, frg.2A-D,1939140. Brazil. - Amazoniana 9(4): 637 -640.
Cells ovate to elliptical, epicone rounded or conical, hypocone rounded; sulcus BITTENCOURT-OLIVEtRA, M.C. ( 1990a): Teu'apleku'on deniseae: a new species of Tribophyceae 1ì'om
reaching ca. 213 ofposterior pole, not extending through epicone; l-2 chloroplasts. Cell Arnazonas State. Brazil. - Hoehnea l7(2):99-102.
length 10.5-11.0, width 7.4-7.9 pm. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (1990b): Ficoflórula do reservatório de Balbina, Estado do
134. Peridinium umbonaturø STEIN var. I (Pl. IX, Fig. 3) Amazonas. - Dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Sào Paulo, Rio Claro. 280 p.
Cells ovate, epitheca hemispherical, cingulum spiralling left, apical pore present; BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (1992): Ficoflórula do reservatório de Balbina, Estado do Anrazonas,
plates with rows of dots; 4 apical plates, 2 intercalary, 7 pre-cingular, 5 post-cingular, I. Chlorococcales (Chlorophyceae). - Revta bras. Biol. 53(l): I 13-129.
2 antiapical (4',2a,7",5"',2""). Cell length 11.0-16.3, width 11.8-12.6 pm. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (1993a): Ficoflórula do reservatório de Balbina, Estado do Arnazonas,
135. Peridinium umbonqtun STEIN var. 2 (Pl. IX, Fig. 4) ll. Ulothricales e Volvocales (Chlorophyceae) e Classe Oedogoniophyceae. - Revta blas. Biol. 53(3):
Cells ovate, epitheca conical, cingulum spiralling left, apical pore present; plates 469-47 5.
with rows of dots; 4 apical plates, 2 intercalary, 7 pre-cingular, 5 post-cingular, 2 BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (1993b): Ficoflórula do reservatório de Balbina, Estado do Anrazonas,
III. Zygnemaphyceae. - Revta bras. Biol. 53(3): 477-488.
antiapical (4',2a, J", 5"' ,2""). Cell length 14.5-22.6, width l2.l-25.8 ¡tm. BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, M.C. (1994): Ficoflórula do reservatório de Balbina. Estado do Ar.nazonas,
136. Peridinium umbonatum STEIN var. 3 (P1. IX, Fig. 5) fV. Nostocophyceae, Cryptophyceae e Tribophyceae. - Hoehnea 21(l/2): 163-173.
Cells ovate, epitheca conical, cingulum spiralling left, apical pore and antiapical BRAUN, R. (1952): Limnologische Untersuchungen an einigen Seen irn Ar-nazonasgebiet. - Schweiz. Z.
spines present; plates with rows of dots; 4 apical plates, 2 intercalary, 7 pre-cingular, 5 Hydrol. l4: l-128.
post-cingular,2 antiapical (4' ,2a,7" , 5"' ,2""). CeIl length 14.5-21.8, width 16.8-24.2 BRASIL/SUDAM/PHCA (1984): Atlas climatológico da Amazônia brasileira. - Belém, Publicaçào n' 39,
pm. 125 p.
CADIMA, M.M. (1990): Fitoplankton de una laguna de várzea en el valle del Sajla (Cochabanrba,
Bolivia). - Acta Limnol. Bras. 3: 419-437.
Final considerations CONFORTI, V. (1993): Study of the Euglenophyta fronr Camaleào lake (Manaus-Blasil)- - Iìev. Hydlo-
biol. trop. 26(l): 3-l 8.
l) The phytoplankton community of the three systems studied is constituted of 228 CONFORTI, V. (1993): Study of the Euglenophyta from Camaleào lake (Manar¡s-Brasil). lll. Euglenct
taxa distributed among 94 genera belonging to 10 taxonomic classes. Lake Batata had EHR., Lepocinclrs PERTY, Phac'us DUJ.. - Rev. Hydrobiol. trop. 27(l): 3-21.
CRONBERG, G. (1989): Biogeographical studies scaled chrysophytes fiom the tropics. - Beih. Nova
a greater number of taxa than did Lake Mussurá and Trombetas River.
Hedwigia 95: 19l-232.
2) The number of species recorded in Lake Batata in the weekly and trimonthly DICKIE, G. (1881): Notes on algae from the Amazon and its tributaries. - J. linn. Soc. Bot. l8: 123-132.
collections was similar, indicating that the phytoplankton community was reliably
DROUET, F. (1937): The Brazilian Myxophyceae I. - Arn. J. Bot.24(9):598-608.
represenled in the collections. DROUET, F. (1938):'lhe Brazilian Myxophyceae Il. - Am. J. Bot.25(9): 657-666.
3) A greater number of species was recorded during the drowdown water and low
54 55