Phytolith Systematics: Emerging Issues PDF
Preview Phytolith Systematics: Emerging Issues
Phytolith Systematics Emerging Issues ADVANCES IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND MUSEUM SCIENCE Series Editon: Martin J. Aitken, FRS, O;iford University Edward V. Sayre, Smithsonian Institution and R. E. Taylor, University o/Califomia, Riverside Volume 1: PHYTOLITH SYSTEMATICS: Emerging Issues Edited by George Rapp, Jr. and Susan C. Mulholland Phytolith Systematics Emerging Issues Edited by George Rapp, Jr. and Susan C. Mulholland University oj Minnesota Duluth, Minnesota Published in cooperation with the Society for Archaeological Sciences Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Phytolith systematics : emerging issues / edited by George Rapp, Jr., and Susan C. Mulholland. p. cm. — (Advances in archaeological and museum science ; v. 1) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1 -4899-1157-5 1. Archaeological geology. 2. Plant remains (Archaeology) I. Rapp, George Robert, 1930- . II. Mulholland, Susan C. III. Series. CC77.5.P47 1992 930.1—dc20 92-9588 CIP ISBN 978-1-4899-1157-5 ISBN 978-1-4899-1155-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-1155-1 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 1992 Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1992 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1992 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Consulting Editors Arnold Aspinall Pieter Meyers University of Bradford Los Angeles County Museum of Art Rainer Berger Jacqueline S. Olin University of California, Los Angeles Smithsonian Institution Donald Grayson Ernst Pernicka University of Washington Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg Garman Harbottle Brookhaven National Laboratory John Prescott University of Adelaide David Harris University of London Frank Preusser Getty Conservation Institute W. David Kingery University of Arizona T. Douglas Price University of Wisconsin Foss Leach Wellington, New Zealand Fran~is Schweizer Laboratory of the Museum Heather Lechtman of Art and History, Geneva Massachusetts Institute of Technology Julie K. Stein Christian Lahanier University of Washington Louvre Research Laboratory, Paris Henrik Tauber Hisao Mabuchi National Museum, Copenhagen Tokyo National Institute of Cultural Properties Michael S. Tite Oxford University Robert Maddin Harvard University Georgio Torraca University of Rome Patrick Martin Michigan Technological University Lambertus Van Zelst Smithsonian Institution Frederick Matson PennsylVania State University Vagn Mejdahl Riso National Laboratory, Denmark This volume is dedicated to MALCOLM H. WIENER a philanthropist and archaeologist with a keen vision of the role of natural science in archaeology. CONTRIBUTORS Steven R. Bozarth, Research Assistant of Geography and the Palynology Laboratory, University of Kansas. Vaughn M. Bryant, Jr., Professor and Head of Anthropology and Director of the Palynology Laboratory, Texas A&M University. Linda Scott Cummings, Director of the Paleoresearch Laboratories; Faculty Affiliate, Colorado State University. Elizabeth H. Dinan, Graduate Student of Archaeology, University of Missouri Columbia. Martin J. Hodson, Senior Lecturer in Environmental Biology, School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Polytechnic. John G. Jones, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anthropology and Associate Director of the Pollen Laboratory, Texas A&M University; Doctoral Research Fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Lawrence Kaplan, Professor of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston. Elizabeth J. Lawlor, Graduate Student of Anthropology, University of California Riverside. Susan C. Mulholland, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anthropology and Associate Director of the Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Minnesota Duluth; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Center for Ancient Studies, University of Minnesota Twin Cities. Amy L. Ollendorf, PhD candidate, Center for Ancient Studies and Limnological Research Center, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. Deborah M. Peal'sall, Assistant Professor of Archaeology, University of Missouri Columbia. A1ix H. Powers, SERC Post-doctoral Fellow of Archaeology, University of Cambridge. ix x Contributors George Rapp, Jr., Professor of Geology and Archaeology and Director of the Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Minnesota Duluth; Professor, Center for Ancient Studies, University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Research Professor of Archaeology, Boston University. Arlene Miller Rosen, Research Fellow, Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science. Irwin Rovner, Associate Professor of Anthropology, North Carolina State University. John C. Russ, Visiting Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University. Allan G. Sangster, Professor of Natural Sciences, Glendon College, York University. Mary B. Smith, Biology Technician, University of Massachusetts Boston. Lesley A. Sneddon, Regional Ecologist, Nature Conservancy Boston. Page C. Twiss, Professor of Geology, Kansas State University. SERIES FOREWORD This volume is the first in theAdvances in Archaeological and Museum Science series sponsored by the Society for Archaeological Sciences. The purpose of this biennial series is to provide summaries of advances in closely defined topics in archaeometry, archaeological science, environmental archaeology, preservation technology and museum conservation. The Society for Archaeological Sciences (SAS) exists to encourage interdisci plinary collaboration between archaeologists and colleagues in the natural and physical sciences. SAS members are drawn from many disciplinary fields. However, they all share a common belief that physical science techniques and methods constitute an essential component of archaeological field and laboratory studies. The General Editors wish to express their appreciation to Renee S. Kra and Frances D. Moskovitz of Radiocarbon for their special expertise and assistance in the production of this volume. We also appreciate the contribution of the two reviewers for their excellent comments and suggestions. The General Editor responsible for undertaking the development of this volume was R. E. Taylor. xi
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